Linux/Ubuntu下指定pip install和make install安装路径

在Linux下直接用pip install <安装包名称>,安装包会被安装到home下

zzz@zzz-hpc:/mnt/D$ pip install fasttext
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting fasttext
  Downloading https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/a4/86/ff826211bc9e28d4c371668b30b4b2c38a09127e5e73017b1c0cd52f9dfa/fasttext-0.8.3.tar.gz (73kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 81kB 2.4MB/s 
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1 in /opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from fasttext) (1.14.3)
Collecting future (from fasttext)
  Downloading https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/90/52/e20466b85000a181e1e144fd8305caf2cf475e2f9674e797b222f8105f5f/future-0.17.1.tar.gz (829kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 829kB 7.7MB/s 
Building wheels for collected packages: fasttext, future
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for fasttext ... done
  Stored in directory: /home/.cache/pip/wheels/23/14/8b/a7eac28afe1b5b7451470154f531f7a0647dc7321a20679205

本来anaconda是在/opt/下面的，也想安装到这个目录下，但是pip之后就会安装到home下，所以需要制定安装包所安装的绝对路径：

格式：

pip install --install-option="--prefix=<绝对路径>"  <安装包名称>

(base) zzz@zzz-hpc:/mnt/D$ pip install --install-option="--prefix=/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages" fasttext
Requirement already satisfied: fasttext in /opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages (0.8.3)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1 in /opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from fasttext) (1.14.3)
Requirement already satisfied: future in /opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from fasttext) (0.17.1)

如果权限不足，请先获得管理员权限：

sudo su