SpringBoot 2.2.0 SpringData JPA使用示例(一)

SpringData Jpa使用步骤

SpringData简介：SpringData是Spring 的一个子项目。用于简化数据库访问，支持NoSQL 和 关系数据存储。
其主要目标是使数据库的访问变得方便快捷。

建立springboot工程

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

注意设置： spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect，自动生成表时数据库引擎为InnoDB，默认生成为MyISAM，MySQL8Dialect为MySQL版本为8.0，如果版本为5.7 则改为MySQL57Dialect。

spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.11:3306/SpringData?characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.database=mysql
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect

建立实体类

@Data
@Entity
@Table
public class Article {
    /**
     * 主键
     */
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer id;
    private String title;
    private String name;
    private LocalDateTime createDateTime;
}

建立Repository

/**
 * 继承springdata jpa 提供的JpaRepository<实体类型，主键参数类型>
 */
public interface ArticleRepository extends JpaRepository<Article, Integer> {
}

测试使用

添加或更新

   @Autowired
    private ArticleRepository articleRepository;

   @Test
    public void saveTest() {

        //保存单个
        Article article = new Article();
        article.setName("felix");
        article.setTitle("SpringData");
        article.setId(2);
        article.setCreateDateTime(LocalDateTime.now());
        Article article1 = articleRepository.save(article);

        log.info("Article:{}", article1);
        Article article2 = new Article();
        article2.setName("felix");
        article2.setTitle("SpringData");
        article2.setCreateDateTime(LocalDateTime.now());

        //批量保存多个
        List<Article> articles = new ArrayList<>();
        articles.add(article);
        articles.add(article2);

        List<Article> articles1 = articleRepository.saveAll(articles);

        log.info("articles1:{}", articles1);

        Article article3 = articleRepository.saveAndFlush(article);

        log.info("article3:{}", article3);
    }

• 保存 三个方法save()，saveAll()，saveAndFlush()：先查询后保存：

save():执行保存过程

Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_0_ from article article0_ where article0_.id=?
Hibernate: insert into article (create_date_time, name, title) values (?, ?, ?)

saveAll():执行保存过程

Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_0_ from article article0_ where article0_.id=?
Hibernate: insert into article (create_date_time, name, title) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into article (create_date_time, name, title) values (?, ?, ?)

saveAndFlush():执行保存过程

Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_0_ from article article0_ where article0_.id=?
Hibernate: insert into article (create_date_time, name, title) values (?, ?, ?)

更新

只要保存实体时主键不为空，
save():执行保存过程

Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_0_ from article article0_ where article0_.id=?
Hibernate: update article set create_date_time=?, name=?, title=? where id=?

saveAll():执行保存过程

Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_0_ from article article0_ where article0_.id=?
Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_0_ from article article0_ where article0_.id=?
Hibernate: update article set create_date_time=?, name=?, title=? where id=?

saveAndFlush():执行保存过程

Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_0_ from article article0_ where article0_.id=?
Hibernate: update article set create_date_time=?, name=?, title=? where id=?

删除

 @Test
    public void deleteTest() {
        //根据ID删除
        articleRepository.deleteById(1);

        //根据实体删除
        Article article = new Article();
        article.setId(1);
        articleRepository.delete(article);

        //批量删除
        articleRepository.deleteAllInBatch();

        //删除所有
        articleRepository.deleteAll();
        List<Article> articles = new ArrayList<>();
        articles.add(article);
        
        //删除所有
        articleRepository.deleteAll(articles);
        //批量删除
        articleRepository.deleteInBatch(articles);
    }

1. deleteById(id) 根据主键删除，执行过程先查询在删除，

Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_0_ from article article0_ where article0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from article where id=?

如果Id不存在会出现异常org.springframework.dao.EmptyResultDataAccessException: No class com.felix.springdata.model.Article entity with id 1 exists!，
2. delete(S s) 根据实体删除，执行过程同deleteById ，先查询Id是否存在，存再删除，不存在不执行删除
3. deleteAllInBatch() 直接删除

   Hibernate: delete from article

4.deleteAll() 删除全部，先查询，再删除，没有数据，只执行查询语句

Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_ from article article0_
Hibernate: delete from article where id=?
Hibernate: delete from article where id=?
Hibernate: delete from article where id=?
Hibernate: delete from article where id=?

5.deleteAll(S s) 删除全部, 先查询id是否存在，再删除

Hibernate: select article0_.id as id1_0_0_, article0_.create_date_time as create_d2_0_0_, article0_.name as name3_0_0_, article0_.title as title4_0_0_ from article article0_ where article0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from article where id=?

6.deleteInBatch() 删除全部，主要是根据id删除

Hibernate: delete from article where id=? or id=?