二叉树的深度遍历和广度遍历

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <Stack>
#include <Queue>
using namespace std;
#define Element char
#define format "%c"

typedef struct Node {
    Element data;
    struct Node *lchild;
    struct Node *rchild;
} *Tree;

int index = 0;  //全局索引变量

//二叉树构造器,按先序遍历顺序构造二叉树
//无左子树或右子树用'#'表示
void treeNodeConstructor(Tree &root, Element data[]){
    Element e = data[index++];
    if(e == '#'){
        root = NULL;
    }else{
        root = (Node *)malloc(sizeof(Node));
        root->data = e;
        treeNodeConstructor(root->lchild, data);  //递归构建左子树
        treeNodeConstructor(root->rchild, data);  //递归构建右子树
    }
}

//深度优先遍历
void depthFirstSearch(Tree root){
    stack<Node *> nodeStack;  //使用C++的STL标准模板库
    nodeStack.push(root);
    Node *node;
    while(!nodeStack.empty()){
        node = nodeStack.top();
        printf(format, node->data);  //遍历根结点
        nodeStack.pop();
        if(node->rchild){
            nodeStack.push(node->rchild);  //先将右子树压栈
        }
        if(node->lchild){
            nodeStack.push(node->lchild);  //再将左子树压栈
        }
    }
}

//广度优先遍历
void breadthFirstSearch(Tree root){
    queue<Node *> nodeQueue;  //使用C++的STL标准模板库
    nodeQueue.push(root);
    Node *node;
    while(!nodeQueue.empty()){
        node = nodeQueue.front();
        nodeQueue.pop();
        printf(format, node->data);
        if(node->lchild){
            nodeQueue.push(node->lchild);  //先将左子树入队
        }
        if(node->rchild){
            nodeQueue.push(node->rchild);  //再将右子树入队
        }
    }
}

int main (){
    Tree root;
    Element data[]="ABD##E##CF##G##";//前序构造二叉树 
    treeNodeConstructor(root, data);
    breadthFirstSearch(root);
    printf("\n");
    depthFirstSearch(root);
    system("pause");
    return 0;
    }