Spring boot 实现 Accessing data with MySQL

Spring boot 实现 Accessing data with MySQL

用于总结spring guides里的实验 ，主要做翻译、理解
–by Lank

1. What you’ll build

    You’ll create a MySQL database, build a Spring application and connect it with the newly created database

2. What you’ll need

• MySQL
• IDE
• jdk1.8以上
• Gradle 2.3+ or Maven 3.0+
  

  本人使用的是Gradle + IDEA + MYSql5.7

3. DO

3.1 Build with Gradle

• 创建build.gradle,直接在IDEA里创建个gradle项目，重写build.gradle即可。

buildscript {
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:1.5.10.RELEASE")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

jar {
    baseName = 'gs-accessing-data-mysql'
    version =  '0.1.0'
}

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

sourceCompatibility = 1.8
targetCompatibility = 1.8

dependencies {
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")

    // JPA Data (We are going to use Repositories, Entities, Hibernate, etc...)
    compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa'

    // Use MySQL Connector-J
    compile 'mysql:mysql-connector-java'

    testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

Spring Boot gradle plugin 提供了很多方便的特性：

Spring Boot Maven plugin 同样可提供如此特性

• 它收集类路径上的所有jar，并构建一个单一的、可运行的“ über-jar”，这使得它更方便地执行和传输服务。

  Spring Boot 旨在帮助开发人员创建能直接运行的应用程序。为实现该目的，它将应用程序及其依赖项包装在一个可执行 JAR 中。

• 它搜索的 public static void main() 方法来标记为可运行的类。

• 它提供了一个内置的依赖解析器，用于设置版本号以匹配 Spring Boot 的依赖。您可以覆盖任何你想要的版本，但它会默认选择的 Boot 的版本集。

3.2 Build with your IDE

• Create a new database

mysql> create database db_example; -- Create the new database
mysql> create user 'springuser'@'localhost' identified by 'ThePassword'; -- Creates the user
mysql> grant all on db_example.* to 'springuser'@'localhost'; -- Gives all the privileges to the new user on the newly created database

• Create the application.properties file
  在resource目录下新建application.properties,主要用于配置对MYSQL的连接和操作。

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_example
spring.datasource.username=springuser
spring.datasource.password=ThePassword

• Create the @Entity model

package hello;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity // This tells Hibernate to make a table out of this class
public class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private String email;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }


}

这是一个实体类，Hibernate会自动转换成表。

• Create the repository

package hello;

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;

import hello.User;

// This will be AUTO IMPLEMENTED by Spring into a Bean called userRepository
// CRUD refers Create, Read, Update, Delete

public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long> {

}

这是存储库接口，它将被Spring在一个bean中自动实现，这个bean的名称与更改的名称相同，bean名称将是userRepository

• Create a new controller for your Spring application

package hello;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import hello.User;
import hello.UserRepository;

@Controller    // This means that this class is a Controller
@RequestMapping(path="/demo") // This means URL's start with /demo (after Application path)
public class MainController {
    @Autowired // This means to get the bean called userRepository
               // Which is auto-generated by Spring, we will use it to handle the data
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @GetMapping(path="/add") // Map ONLY GET Requests
    public @ResponseBody String addNewUser (@RequestParam String name
            , @RequestParam String email) {
        // @ResponseBody means the returned String is the response, not a view name
        // @RequestParam means it is a parameter from the GET or POST request

        User n = new User();
        n.setName(name);
        n.setEmail(email);
        userRepository.save(n);
        return "Saved";
    }

    @GetMapping(path="/all")
    public @ResponseBody Iterable<User> getAllUsers() {
        // This returns a JSON or XML with the users
        return userRepository.findAll();
    }
}

• Make the application executable
  src/main/java/hello/Application.java

package hello;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

• 启动验证