While exploring his many farms, Farmer John has discovered a number of amazing wormholes. A wormhole is very peculiar because it is a one-way path that delivers you to its destination at a time that is BEFORE you entered the wormhole! Each of FJ's farms comprises N (1 ≤ N ≤ 500) fields conveniently numbered 1..N, M (1 ≤ M ≤ 2500) paths, and W (1 ≤ W ≤ 200) wormholes.
As FJ is an avid time-traveling fan, he wants to do the following: start at some field, travel through some paths and wormholes, and return to the starting field a time before his initial departure. Perhaps he will be able to meet himself :) .
To help FJ find out whether this is possible or not, he will supply you with complete maps to F (1 ≤ F ≤ 5) of his farms. No paths will take longer than 10,000 seconds to travel and no wormhole can bring FJ back in time by more than 10,000 seconds.
Input
Line 1: A single integer, F. F farm descriptions follow.
Line 1 of each farm: Three space-separated integers respectively: N, M, and W
Lines 2..M+1 of each farm: Three space-separated numbers (S, E, T) that describe, respectively: a bidirectional path between S and E that requires T seconds to traverse. Two fields might be connected by more than one path.
Lines M+2..M+W+1 of each farm: Three space-separated numbers (S, E, T) that describe, respectively: A one way path from S to E that also moves the traveler back T seconds.
Output
Lines 1..F: For each farm, output "YES" if FJ can achieve his goal, otherwise output "NO" (do not include the quotes).
Sample Input
2 3 3 1 1 2 2 1 3 4 2 3 1 3 1 3 3 2 1 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 1 8
Sample Output
NO YES
题目大意:给出n个点,m条费用边,k条穿越边。费用边即为走过时需要的时间,穿越边即为走过时可时间返回的一定数值的边。
思路:如此清晰的思路,就是一个简单的判负环问题。但之前一直没有遇到过,算是第一次做负环问题。判负环通常是使用spfa来直接判,但是,能判负环的实质是BF算法,spfa是BF算法加上队列优化的结果,所以有必要去了解一下BF算法。至于spfa的再优化就暂时搁置一下吧。
BF算法:简单来说就是松弛所有的点,遍历所有点,再遍历所有边,进行松弛,因为若有负环存在,那么松弛时就永远松弛不完的,那么利用这一点,进行判环。时间复杂度(VE)
加队列优化:即不断进队出队,从而实现优化,时间复杂度为(KE k为入队次数)若加上前向星存储方式还能优化,还能优化,详情暂时不知。
代码如下:
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=1010;
const int maxv=5000;
const int INF=1<<29;
struct node{
int a;
int b;
int cost;
}p[maxv];
int d[maxn];
int N,M,W;
int n;
int bf(int s)
{
for(int i=1;i<=N;i++) d[i]=INF;
d[s]=0;
for(int i=0;i<N;i++) //所有点
{
int fag=0;
for(int j=0;j<n;j++) //所有边
{
node p1=p[j];
if(d[p1.a]!=INF&&d[p1.b]>d[p1.a]+p1.cost) //松弛
{
d[p1.b]=d[p1.a]+p1.cost;
fag=1;
if(i==N-1) return 1; //松弛次数超过边数即为有负环
}
}
if(!fag) break;
}
return 0;
}
int main()
{
int F,a,b,c;
scanf("%d",&F);
while(F--)
{
scanf("%d%d%d",&N,&M,&W);
n=0;
for(int i=0;i<M;++i)
{
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
p[n].b=a;p[n].a=b;p[n++].cost=c;
p[n].b=b;p[n].a=a;p[n++].cost=c;
}
for(int i=0;i<W;++i)
{
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
p[n].a=a;p[n].b=b;p[n++].cost=-c;
}
int fag=bf(1);
if(fag==1) printf("YES\n");
else printf("NO\n");
}
return 0;
}