Hive启动报错

java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '[CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name] NULL,
    `MESSAGE_FORMAT`' at line 9
        at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:120)
        at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:97)
        at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLExceptionsMapping.translateException(SQLExceptionsMapping.java:122)
        at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeInternal(StatementImpl.java:764)
        at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.StatementImpl.execute(StatementImpl.java:648)
        at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyStatement.execute(ProxyStatement.java:92)
        at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyStatement.execute(HikariProxyStatement.java)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.executeDdlStatement(AbstractTable.java:879)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.executeDdlStatementList(AbstractTable.java:830)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.create(AbstractTable.java:546)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.exists(AbstractTable.java:609)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.performTablesValidation(RDBMSStoreManager.java:3385)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.run(RDBMSStoreManager.java:2896)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.AbstractSchemaTransaction.execute(AbstractSchemaTransaction.java:119)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.manageClasses(RDBMSStoreManager.java:1627)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.getDatastoreClass(RDBMSStoreManager.java:672)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.RDBMSQueryUtils.getStatementForCandidates(RDBMSQueryUtils.java:425)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.JDOQLQuery.compileQueryFull(JDOQLQuery.java:865)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.JDOQLQuery.compileInternal(JDOQLQuery.java:347)
        at org.datanucleus.store.query.Query.executeQuery(Query.java:1816)
        at org.datanucleus.store.query.Query.executeWithArray(Query.java:1744)
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOQuery.executeInternal(JDOQuery.java:368)
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOQuery.execute(JDOQuery.java:228)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.getNextNotification(ObjectStore.java:9449)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.invoke(RawStoreProxy.java:97)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy25.getNextNotification(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.get_next_notification(HiveMetaStore.java:7471)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.invokeInternal(RetryingHMSHandler.java:147)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.invoke(RetryingHMSHandler.java:108)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy33.get_next_notification(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.ThriftHiveMetastore$Processor$get_next_notification.getResult(ThriftHiveMetastore.java:18344)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.ThriftHiveMetastore$Processor$get_next_notification.getResult(ThriftHiveMetastore.java:18329)
        at org.apache.thrift.ProcessFunction.process(ProcessFunction.java:39)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.TUGIBasedProcessor$1.run(TUGIBasedProcessor.java:111)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.TUGIBasedProcessor$1.run(TUGIBasedProcessor.java:107)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:422)
        at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1730)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.TUGIBasedProcessor.process(TUGIBasedProcessor.java:119)
        at org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer$WorkerProcess.run(TThreadPoolServer.java:286)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

决办法：

手动初始化元数据库

schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

在初始化的时候，出现以下错误

Error: Table 'CTLGS' already exists (state=42S01,code=1050)
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Schema initialization FAILED! Metastore state would be inconsistent !!
Underlying cause: java.io.IOException : Schema script failed, errorcode 2
Use --verbose for detailed stacktrace.
*** schemaTool failed ***

 则需要在数据库中删除 数据库metastore

drop database metastore;

再次执行 

schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

就可以了