在testrpc环境下学习web3.js的命令

环境

ubuntu 16.04， 64位

testrpc的安装过程可以参考以前的文章。

直接启动testrpc

pony@pony-virtual-machine:~$ testrpc
EthereumJS TestRPC v6.0.3 (ganache-core: 2.0.2)

Available Accounts
==================
(0) 0x20aa72706554abd905de23b86a90985e21c7358d
(1) 0x308efa51779f899ff946b83d1e7ecf16b801c0b3
(2) 0x34389038cd130004f1f580819b0c82df6c6266e7
(3) 0xb4e9e45ff3161c0f7263ceef6ea340d85391980c
(4) 0x036529b97a340a4f60a6017063317c98e2c1e1fd
(5) 0x46bb5ff2dfe6fc43652351cad501eed6766bb92c
(6) 0xab49534cfb489642b0c384f44063a76ea8aa60aa
(7) 0xff2c41eeb85444ced3c279c898ce45b941401119
(8) 0x0aad45abf4efd8108eaf546372ade58941288b60
(9) 0x80ac11a1e69dc37a28e4cefd4310db8e303609e4

Private Keys
==================
(0) ddacdbe2dcc3ebeb89e77193ef4dedbd009d4977151e2f7d39efcdbc420d2d40
(1) 44953cfb0592764e459342f1512a03cd6b8263e8b9c0ac2c3246bb550d953ebc
(2) e8c6467d2af56a9d35793f36a6f6bc48b93d5aa6209c36708b0945e1165cee38
(3) c4b5dc3392b204070598ad78d562a4fc4b8697a3f4d01410d120896cbe229530
(4) f3f4a33807a5653809d056db824f193f9645094bef6328a8b0c3f5638406571b
(5) a2582972fd2f27bb8ed20024b896a67b021c8801081fbd98a13f02058cb74ac8
(6) 411ae9da8a9958e60008cc8fa21b72b1bf820276fd6103e480f2ceb3a88cd4f3
(7) 661687407667b796047ab89156de31b1b10bde43f675f5442bf62f4be2f46042
(8) 81800b1afa6e31c5f0a6483ab0a40be40238e235823555f2b516ce1ecdf72aa7
(9) 54b3412a5c09d659eb81ee0b97e828960ce49b6529d2514089f52f3aa69c44cd

HD Wallet
==================
Mnemonic:      coach fluid lobster stereo enrich rural invest end viable title anxiety priority
Base HD Path:  m/44'/60'/0'/0/{account_index}

Listening on localhost:8545

默认启动10个账户，我们接下来的部分命令会用到这些账户。

---

另外开启一个终端，进入到一个truffle的目录(如何初始化并配置请参考我以前的文章)，输入truffle console，启动truffle控制台。

wei和其它以太坊货币单位之间的转换

先看下这些货币单位之间的汇率关系，

单位	价值	Wei
wei	1	1 wei
Kwei(babbage)	1e3 wei	1,000
Mwei (lovelace)	1e6 wei	1,000,000
Gwei (shannon)	1e9 wei	1,000,000,000
microether (szabo)	1e12 wei	1,000,000,000,000
milliether (finney)	1e15 wei	1,000,000,000,000,000
ether	1e18 wei	1,000,000,000,000,000,000

把wei转成其它以太单位

truffle(development)> web3.fromWei('21000000000000', 'finney');
'0.021'
truffle(development)> web3.fromWei('21000000000000', 'gwei');
'21000'
truffle(development)> web3.fromWei('21000000000000', 'kwei');
'21000000000'
truffle(development)> web3.fromWei('21000000000000', 'ether');
'0.000021'

反过来，把其它以太单位转换成wei

truffle(development)> web3.toWei('1', 'ether');
'1000000000000000000'
truffle(development)> web3.toWei('1', 'kwei');
'1000'
truffle(development)> web3.toWei('1', 'gwei');
'1000000000'
truffle(development)> web3.toWei('1', 'finney');
'1000000000000000'

查看账户列表和余额

truffle(development)> var address0=web3.eth.accounts[0];
undefined
truffle(development)> console.log(address0.toString(10));
0x20aa72706554abd905de23b86a90985e21c7358d
undefined
truffle(development)> var balance = web3.eth.getBalance(address0);
undefined
truffle(development)> console.log(balance)
BigNumber { s: 1, e: 20, c: [ 1000000 ] }
truffle(development)> console.log(balance.toNumber());
100000000000000000000

这里查询第一个账户的余额，console.log(balance)返回的是nodejs里大数的表示法，理论上我们不需要关心s,e,c表示什么意思。我们可以用toNumber方法转换成可读的表示方法。
这里查询到余额是100 ETH（事实上缺省下所有账户都是这个余额）。

在两个账户之间进行以太币转账

truffle(development)> acc0 = web3.eth.accounts[0]
'0x20aa72706554abd905de23b86a90985e21c7358d'
truffle(development)> acc1 = web3.eth.accounts[1]
'0x308efa51779f899ff946b83d1e7ecf16b801c0b3'
truffle(development)> amount = web3.toWei(0.01,'ether')
'10000000000000000'
truffle(development)> web3.eth.sendTransaction({from:acc0,to:acc1,value:amount});
'0x066162686579156223f05120724a9bde9c8d8987b69c50bcd7eaad2009cfec6c'

最后返回的是交易的hash值。

转账完成后看下两个账户的余额，

账户0

truffle(development)> var balance = web3.eth.getBalance(acc0);
undefined
truffle(development)> console.log(balance.toNumber());
99989999999999980000
undefined
truffle(development)> web3.fromWei('99989999999999980000','ether')
'99.98999999999998'

账户1

truffle(development)> var balance = web3.eth.getBalance(acc1);
undefined
truffle(development)> console.log(balance.toNumber());
100010000000000000000
undefined
truffle(development)> web3.fromWei('100010000000000000000','ether')
'100.01'
truffle(development)> 

账户0因为有些gas消耗，所以会比少一些。

更多命令参考:

https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/JavaScript-API