oracle搭建DATA GUARD并设置observer快速切换主备

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-18 16:09:38 发布

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DATA GUARD搭建过程

准备工作
- 安装包准备
安装

准备工作

安装包准备

操作系统安装包
官网下载操作系统安装包
里面需要安装的rpm包如下

oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-13.el6.x86_64.rpm

oracle软件安装包(11.2.0.4)

p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip: 下载地址
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip: 下载地址

安装

安装rpm包

挂载操作系统iso文件至某目录，如/media/cdrom

# cd /media/cdrom/Packages
# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-13.el6.x86_64.rpm

oracle软件安装

注：主库安装oracle并添加实例、设置监听，备库只需要安装oracle软件并添加监听，无需创建数据库。

主库安装

安装oracle软件
netca添加监听
dbca添加数据库

备库安装

安装oracle软件
netca创建监听

搭建data guard

主库开启 force logging

SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;

如果数据库没有开启归档模式开启归档模式

SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

3.根据redo log 创建standby redo log

SQL> SELECT GROUP#, BYTES FROM V$LOG;

    GROUP#	BYTES
---------- ----------
	 1   52428800
	 2   52428800
	 3   52428800

SQL> alter database add standby logfile ('/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo01.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ('/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo02.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ('/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo03.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ('/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo04.log') size 50M;
Database altered.

SQL> SELECT GROUP#, BYTES FROM V$STANDBY_LOG;

    GROUP#	BYTES
---------- ----------
	 4   52428800
	 5   52428800
	 6   52428800
	 7   52428800

开启flashback

SQL> ALTER DATABASE FLASHBACK ON;

修改主库参数

Database	DB_UNIQUE_NAME	Oracle Net Service Name
Primary	chicago    		chicago
Physical standby boston			boston

SQL> alter system set DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pri scope=spfile;

**重启数据库**

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=std NOAFFIRM ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=std';

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO;

System altered.

在主库和备库上配置$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

pri =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = pri.wenzhou)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = orcl)
    )
  )

std =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = std.wenzhou)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = orcl)
    )
  )

在主库上配置$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = pri.wenzhou)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = chicago_DGMGRL)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
      (SID_NAME = ORCL)
    )
  )

在备库上配置$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = std.wenzhou)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )


SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = std_DGMGRL)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
      (SID_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

配置备库

vi /tmp/initboston.ora
*.db_name='orcl'

$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump

$ orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/orapwORCL password=tdr123456 entries=10

用rman复制备库

$ export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
$ sqlplus / as sysdba


SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT PFILE='/tmp/initboston.ora';

$ rman TARGET sys/tdr123456@pri AUXILIARY sys/tdr123456@std


DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE DORECOVER SPFILE SET db_unique_name='std' COMMENT 'Is standby'  NOFILENAMECHECK;

启用 broker

在主库和备库上执行

ALTER SYSTEM SET dg_broker_start=true;

连接主库执行

dgmgrl sys/tdr123456@chicago

DGMGRL> CREATE CONFIGURATION dg_config AS PRIMARY DATABASE IS pri CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS pri;
Configuration "dg_config" created with primary database "pri"

DGMGRL> ADD DATABASE std AS CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS std MAINTAINED AS PHYSICAL;
Database "std" added

DGMGRL> ENABLE CONFIGURATION;
Enabled.

DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION;

Configuration - dg_config

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    chicago - Primary database
    boston  - Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS


DGMGRL> SHOW DATABASE pri;

Database - pri

  Role:            PRIMARY
  Intended State:  TRANSPORT-ON
  Instance(s):
    orcl

Database Status:
SUCCESS


DGMGRL> SHOW DATABASE std;

Database - std

  Role:            PHYSICAL STANDBY
  Intended State:  APPLY-ON
  Transport Lag:   0 seconds (computed 1 second ago)
  Apply Lag:       0 seconds (computed 1 second ago)
  Apply Rate:      0 Byte/s
  Real Time Query: OFF
  Instance(s):
    orcl

Database Status:
SUCCESS

开启ADG

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY;
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

开启Fast-Start Failover

DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE 'chicago' SET PROPERTY 'LogXptMode'='SYNC';
Property "LogXptMode" updated

DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE 'boston' SET PROPERTY 'LogXptMode'='SYNC';
Property "LogXptMode" updated

DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE 'chicago' SET PROPERTY FastStartFailoverTarget='boston';
Property "faststartfailovertarget" updated

DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROTECTION MODE AS MAXAVAILABILITY;
Succeeded.

开启flashback

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;
ALTER DATABASE FLASHBACK ON;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

启动 observer

DGMGRL> START OBSERVER;
Observer started

启用 FAST_START FAILOVER

DGMGRL> ENABLE FAST_START FAILOVER;
Enabled.

DGMGRL> SHOW FAST_START FAILOVER;

Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED

  Threshold:          30 seconds
  Target:             boston
  Observer:           ol6-11g-ob
  Lag Limit:          30 seconds (not in use)
  Shutdown Primary:   TRUE
  Auto-reinstate:     TRUE
  Observer Reconnect: (none)
  Observer Override:  FALSE

Configurable Failover Conditions
  Health Conditions:
    Corrupted Controlfile          YES
    Corrupted Dictionary           YES
    Inaccessible Logfile            NO
    Stuck Archiver                  NO
    Datafile Offline               YES

  Oracle Error Conditions:
    (none)


SHOW DATABASE 'chicago' FastStartFailoverTarget;

SHOW DATABASE 'boston' FastStartFailoverTarget;

测试

关闭主库

shutdown abort

观察observer

11:57:09.35  Thursday, January 10, 2019
Initiating Fast-Start Failover to database "std"...
Performing failover NOW, please wait...
Failover succeeded, new primary is "std"
11:57:16.03  Thursday, January 10, 2019

11:58:46.14  Thursday, January 10, 2019
Initiating reinstatement for database "pri"...
Reinstating database "chicago", please wait...
Operation requires shutdown of instance "ORCL" on database "chicago"
Shutting down instance "ORCL"...
ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
Operation requires startup of instance "ORCL" on database "chicago"
Starting instance "ORCL"...
ORACLE instance started.
Database mounted.
Continuing to reinstate database "chicago" ...
Reinstatement of database "chicago" succeeded
11:59:46.13  Thursday, January 10, 2019

DGMGRL> SHOW FAST_START FAILOVER;

Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED

  Threshold:          30 seconds
  Target:             chicago
  Observer:           ol6-11g-ob
  Lag Limit:          30 seconds (not in use)
  Shutdown Primary:   TRUE
  Auto-reinstate:     TRUE
  Observer Reconnect: (none)
  Observer Override:  FALSE

Configurable Failover Conditions
  Health Conditions:
    Corrupted Controlfile          YES
    Corrupted Dictionary           YES
    Inaccessible Logfile            NO
    Stuck Archiver                  NO
    Datafile Offline               YES

  Oracle Error Conditions:
    (none)

DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - dg_config

  Protection Mode: MaxAvailability
  Databases:
    boston  - Primary database
    chicago - (*) Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

主备切换成功

the end

pop_hojin

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oracle搭建DATA GUARD并设置observer快速切换主备

DATA GUARD搭建过程准备工作安装包准备安装安装软件包oracle软件安装主库安装准备工作安装包准备操作系统安装包官网下载操作系统安装包里面需要安装的rpm包如下oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-13.el6.x86_64.rpmoracle软件安装包p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip...
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