Postgres2015全国用户大会将于11月20至21日在北京丽亭华苑酒店召开。本次大会嘉宾阵容强大，国内顶级PostgreSQL数据库专家将悉数到场，并特邀欧洲、俄罗斯、日本、美国等国家和地区的数据库方面专家助阵:
- Postgres-XC项目的发起人铃木市一(SUZUKI Koichi)
- Postgres-XL的项目发起人Mason Sharp
- pgpool的作者石井达夫(Tatsuo Ishii)
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- ……
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Comparison
| Feature | Vitesse X | Vitesse DB | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subscription Pricing | $1,000/instance | $1,000/core | Annual license with email supported included. |
| Speed1 | 8X faster | 100X faster (180X faster on column store) | Allow for data exploration with live SQL. Turn around reports and batch jobs quicker. Extend HW lifetime and save electricity. 1Speed obtained from TPCH Q1. |
| 100% Postgres Compatibility | Deploy and play. No modification necessary on applications, tools or operations. | ||
| x86 Acceleration | Dynamic query compilation and register-level optimization on modern x86 CPUs. | ||
| COPY Operator Acceleration | Use fast SSE instructions in COPY instruction to speed up data import. | ||
| Parallel Query Execution | Employ all available cores to improve productivity of data scientists and data engineers. | ||
| Compressible Column Store | Reduce I/O on big table scans substantially. |
目前vitesse X支持的SQL语句
CREATE TABLE AS SELECTSELECT
不包含如下
CTE with recursion, although CTE in general are supported.lead and lag window functions, although other window functions are supported.Hash, GiST and GIN index, although B-tree is supported.Functions returning sets.
vitesse X
支持的数据类型
integer, smallint, bigint, booleannumeric, real, double precision, moneytext, varchar, enuminterval, date, timestamp, timestamp with time zonejson, array
不支持的数据类型
oid, xid, cid, tidpoint, box, lseg, line, path, polygon, and circle
不支持的SQL或数据类型，会按照PG原有的模式处理。
安装
# wget http://storage.googleapis.com/vitessedata/download/vitesse_x.9.4.4.rh6.x86_64.bin# . /home/postgres/.bash_profile# which pg_config/opt/pgsql/bin/pg_config# bash vitesse_x.9.4.4.rh6.x86_64.binso文件达到了16MBroot@digoal-> ll /opt/pgsql/lib/vitesse_x.so-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16M Sep 6 19:39 /opt/pgsql/lib/vitesse_x.so
root@digoal-> su - postgrespostgres@digoal-> cd $PGDATApostgres@digoal-> vi postgresql.confshared_preload_libraries = 'vitesse_x'> pg_ctl restart -m fast
在so文件中看到了几个HOOK，也是通过hook来对执行进行控制的。
root@digoal-> nm -A vitesse_x.so |grep -i hookvitesse_x.so: U ExecutorRun_hookvitesse_x.so: U RunFunctionExecuteHookvitesse_x.so:0000000000ae1900 T _ZNSt8__detail15_List_node_base7_M_hookEPS0_vitesse_x.so:0000000000ae1920 T _ZNSt8__detail15_List_node_base9_M_unhookEvvitesse_x.so: U object_access_hook
测试
> psqlpostgres=# create extension vitesse_x;postgres=# select * from pg_settings where name ~ 'vitesse';name | setting | unit | category | short_desc | extra_desc | context | vartype | source | min_val | max_val | enumvals | boot_val | reset_val | sourcefile | sourceline---------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+---------+---------+---------+------------+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------vitesse.enable | on | | Customized Options | Enable use of vitesse engine. | | user| bool | default | | | | on | on ||vitesse.jit_time | 0 | | Customized Options | Show time in ms consumed by compilation in the last query. | | internal | integer | default | 0 | 2147483647 | | 0 | 0 ||vitesse.last | 0 | | Customized Options | Show if vitesse engine was used in the last query. | | internal | integer | default | 0 | 1 | | 0 | 0 ||vitesse.last_reason | | | Customized Options | Show last error when JIT failed. | | internal | string | default | | | | | ||vitesse.license | 20150501|951897|Vitesse X|0|30 DAY LIMITED TRIAL|8c93a440587657eb20a02f02afe7c86a | | Customized Options | Show license info on vitesse engine. | | user| string | default | | | | 20150501|951897|Vitesse X|0|30 DAY LIMITED TRIAL|8c93a440587657eb20a02f02afe7c86a | 20150501|951897|Vitesse X|0|30 DAY LIMITED TRIAL|8c93a440587657eb20a02f02afe7c86a ||vitesse.log_level | 0 | | Customized Options | Log vitesse engine messages: 1 for ERROR, 2 for NOTICE, 3 for INFO, 4 for VERBOSE. | | user| integer | default | 0 | 4 | | 0 | 0 ||vitesse.plan_cost | 12 | | Customized Options | Show plan cost estimated by optimizer in the last query. | | internal | integer | default | 0 | 2147483647 | | 0 | 0 ||vitesse.rev | 607bc87 | | Customized Options | Show revision info on vitesse engine. | | internal | string | default | | | | 607bc87 | 607bc87 ||vitesse.threshold | 200 | | Customized Options | Engage vitesse engine above this plan cost threshold. | | user| integer | default | 0 | 2147483647 | | 200 | 200 ||vitesse.version | Vitesse Engine for PostgreSQL 9.4.4 [rev 607bc87 on 2015-07-30] | | Customized Options | Show version info on vitesse engine. | | internal | string | default | | | | Vitesse Engine for PostgreSQL 9.4.4 [rev 607bc87 on 2015-07-30] | Vitesse Engine for PostgreSQL 9.4.4 [rev 607bc87 on 2015-07-30] ||(10 rows)
postgres=# \dt+List of relationsSchema | Name | Type | Owner | Size | Description--------+------+-------+----------+-------+-------------public | t | table | postgres | 40 kB |public | test | table | postgres | 11 MB |(2 rows)
postgres=# \d testTable "public.test"Column | Type | Modifiers--------+---------+-----------id | integer | not nullinfo | text |Indexes:"test_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id)
postgres=# explain (analyze,verbose,costs,buffers,timing) select count(*), sum(id*id::int8), min(id), max(id), avg(id) from test;QUERY PLAN-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Aggregate (cost=10000004209.00..10000004209.01 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=32.529..32.529 rows=1 loops=1)Output: count(*), sum((id * (id)::bigint)), min(id), max(id), avg(id)Buffers: shared hit=1459-> Seq Scan on public.test (cost=10000000000.00..10000002459.00 rows=100000 width=4) (actual time=32.519..32.519 rows=100000 loops=1)Output: id, infoBuffers: shared hit=1459Planning time: 0.121 msExecution time: 40.412 ms(8 rows)关闭vitesse插件。postgres=# set vitesse.enable=off;SETpostgres=# explain (analyze,verbose,costs,buffers,timing) select count(*), sum(id*id::int8), min(id), max(id), avg(id) from test;QUERY PLAN------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Aggregate (cost=10000004209.00..10000004209.01 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=96.881..96.881 rows=1 loops=1)Output: count(*), sum((id * (id)::bigint)), min(id), max(id), avg(id)Buffers: shared hit=1459-> Seq Scan on public.test (cost=10000000000.00..10000002459.00 rows=100000 width=4) (actual time=0.025..25.734 rows=100000 loops=1)Output: id, infoBuffers: shared hit=1459Planning time: 0.120 msExecution time: 96.969 ms(8 rows)
全缓存命中，性能提升非常明显。
Vitesse DB根据官方的数据，性能提升应该更加明显，LLVM这个方向不错哦。
[参考]
4. 知乎上的llvm简介
LLVM本身并不是编译器，只是一套用于开发编译器、解释器等程序语言相关工具的库，主要聚焦于编译器后端功能，如代码生成、代码优化、JIT等。
所以说“XCode用的编译器是应该是LLVM”是不对的。XCode用的编译器是Clang。Clang是一个基于LLVM开发的C/C++/Obj-C编译器，有一套独立的前端，后端直接采用LLVM。还有一个较为早期的相关项目LLVM-GCC，是一个将GCC的前端嫁接到LLVM之上拼接而成的一个完整的编译器。
Clang自2.8版本起已经可以完整编译Boost了，可以说是Clang成为成熟C++编译器的一个标志。但当时Clang还没有调试器可用，只有一个尚未完成的只支持MacOS平台的LLDB（http://lldb.llvm.org/）。后来不知道是GDB支持了LLVM还是LLVM支持了GDB，总之Clang 3.0的编译产物已经可以用GDB调试了。
苹果之所以资助LLVM，主要原因在于GCC采用GPL协议而LLVM采用BSD协议。另外GCC官方对苹果提出的需求响应不及时，促使苹果急于寻求GCC的替代品。
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