Python 3神一样的字符串格式

一、%

在%左边指定一个字符串（格式字符串），并在右边指定要设置其格式的值。

>>> format = "Hello, %s. %s enough for ya?"
>>> values = ('world', 'Hot')
>>> format % values
'Hello, world. Hot enough for ya?'

 

二、模板字符串

>>> from string import Template
>>> tmpl = Template("Hello, $who! $what enough for ya?")
>>> tmpl.substitute(who="Mars", what="Dusty")
'Hello, Mars! Dusty enough for ya?'

 

三、每个替换字段都用花括号括起

       1、替换字段没有名称或将索引用作名称

            >>> "{}, {} and {}".format("first", "second", "third")
           'first, second and third'

      2、索引、无需按顺序排列

           >>> "{0}, {1} and {2}".format("first", "second", "third")
          'first, second and third'

          >>> "{3} {0} {2} {1} {3} {0}".format("be", "not", "or", "to")
          'to be or not to be'

      3、有命名字段

         >>> from math import pi
         >>> "{name} is approximately {value:.2f}.".format(value=pi, name="π")
         'π is approximately 3.14.'  

 

        在Python 3.6中，如果变量与替换字段同名，还可使用一种简写。在这种情况下，可使用f字符串——在字符串前面加上f

        >>> from math import e
        >>> f"Euler's constant is roughly {e}."
        "Euler's constant is roughly 2.718281828459045."   

        等价于

        >>> "Euler's constant is roughly {e}.".format(e=e)
        "Euler's constant is roughly 2.718281828459045."

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以上种种让我想起了Linux的shell，看来Python可能还真是个能用来写脚本的货。