Linux 标准输入struct input_event使用示例

Input_event使用示例

下面贴出一段代码，该代码完成的功能是循环扫描设备列表，寻找你要打开的设备名，打开后非阻塞式的读取输入设备的输入内容。本设备的输入的设备名为”WCH.CN”，具体的设备名可以使用命令查看input列表里找到你的设备名，这里我也只是获取了按键的按下消息，从这部分消息中获取我的文本内容

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <linux/input.h>


#define INPUT_NAME "WCH.CN"

const char chr_table[129] = {
[0] = '\0', [1] = '*', [2] = '1', [3] = '2', [4] = '3', 
[5] = '4', [6] = '5', [7] = '6', [8] = '7', [9] = '8',
[10] = '9',[11] = '0', [12] = '-', [13] = '=', [14] = '\b', 
[15] = '\t', [16] = 'q', [17] = 'w', [18] = 'e', [19] = 'r',
[20] = 't', [21] = 'y', [22] = 'u', [23] = 'i', [24] = 'o', 
[25] = 'p', [26] = '{', [27] = '}', [28] = '\n', [29] = '*',
[30] = 'a', [31] = 's', [32] = 'd', [33] = 'f', [34] = 'g', 
[35] = 'h', [36] = 'j', [37] = 'k', [38] = 'l', [39] = ':',
[40] = '"', [41] = '*', [42] = '*', [43] = '\\',
[44] = 'z', [45] = 'x', [46] = 'c', [47] = 'v', [48] = 'b', 
[49] = 'n', [50] = 'm', [51] = ',', [52] = '.', [53] = '/', 
[54] = '*', [55] = '*', [56] = '*', [57] = ' ', [58] = '*', 
[59] = '*', [60] = '*', [61] = '*', [62] = '*', [63] = '*',
[64] = '*', [65] = '*', [66] = '*', [67] = '*', [68] = '*', 
[69] = '*', [70] = '*', [71] = '*', [72] = '*', [73] = '*',
[74] = '*', [75] = '*', [76] = '*', [77] = '*', [78] = '*', [79] = '*',
[80] = '*', [81] = '*', [82] = '*', [83] = '*', [84] = '*',
[85] = '*', [86] = '*', [87] = '*', [88] = '*', [89] = '*', [90] = '*', 
[91] = '*', [92] = '*', [93] = '*', [94] = '*', [95] = '*', 
[96] = '*', [97] = '*', [98] = '*', [99] = '*', [100] = '*', 
[101] = '*', [102] = '*', [103] = '*', [104] = '*', [105] = '*',
[106] = '*', [107] = '*', [108] = '*',[109] = '*', [110] = '*',
[111] = '*', [112] = '*', [113] = '*', [114] = '*', [115] = '*',
[116] = '*', [117] = '*', [118] = '*', 119] = '*', [120] = '*',
[121] = '*', [122] = '*', [123] = '*', [124] = '*', [125] = '*', 
[126] = '*', [127] = '*', [128] = '*'
};


static int open_input( const char *input_name )
{
    char name[64];
    char buf[128];
    int fd, flags;
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
        sprintf(name, "/dev/input/event%d", i );
        if( access( name, F_OK ) != 0 )
            continue;
        if ((fd = open(name, O_RDONLY, 0)) >= 0) {
             ioctl(fd, EVIOCGNAME(sizeof(buf)), buf);
             printf("name:%s \r\n", buf );
             if( strstr( buf, input_name ) == NULL )
             {
                 close( fd );
                 continue;
             }
            flags = fcntl(fd,F_GETFL,0);  
            flags |= O_NONBLOCK;  
            if( 0 != fcntl(fd,F_SETFL,flags) )
                printf("fcntl failed!:%s \r\n", strerror( errno ));
            printf("open for device:%s \r\n", name );
            return fd;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}

static int input_ready( int fd, int tout )
{
    fd_set  rfd_set;
    struct  timeval tv, *ptv;
    int nsel;

    FD_ZERO( &rfd_set );
    FD_SET( fd, &rfd_set );
    if ( tout == -1 )
    {   
        ptv = NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        tv.tv_sec = 0;
        tv.tv_usec = tout * 1000;
        ptv = &tv;
    }
    nsel = select( fd+1, &rfd_set, NULL, NULL, ptv );
    if ( nsel > 0 && FD_ISSET( fd, &rfd_set ) ) 
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

static int read_input( int fd, char *buf , int maxsize )
{
    struct input_event event;
    int rc;
    int n = 0;
    char *ptr = buf;
    char ch;
    int index;
    int last_key;
    do{
        if( (rc = read(fd, &event, sizeof(event))) < 0)
            return -1;
        if( event.type == EV_KEY && event.value == 1 )
        {
            index = event.code & 0xff;
            if( index  == 42 )
            {
                last_key = 42;
                continue;
            }
            if( index < 128 )
            {
                ch = chr_table[index];
                if( ch != 0 && ch != '*' )
                {
                    // shift key then a -> 'A'
                    if( last_key == 42 )
                        *ptr++ = ch - ( 'a' - 'A' );
                    else
                        *ptr++ = ch;
                    last_key = 0;
                    n++;
                }
            }
        }
    }while( input_ready( fd, 200 ) > 0 && n < maxsize );
    *ptr = '\0';
    return n;
}

int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
    int fd = -1;
    int bRun = 1;
    char buffer[256];
    int len;
    while( bRun )
    {
        if( fd < 0 )
        {
            //try to open input dev
            fd  = open_input( INPUT_NAME );
            if( fd < 0 )
            {
                printf("无输入设备可打开！\r\n");
                sleep( 10 );
                continue;
            }
            printf("设备打开成功，开始接收数据...\r\n");
        }
        if( input_ready( fd, 200 ) > 0 )
        {
            len = read_input( fd, buffer, sizeof( buffer ));
            if( len < 0 )
            {
                printf("设备已断开！，关闭！\r\n");
                fd = -1;
                continue;
            }
        }
        printf("READ:%s \r\n", buffer);
    }
}

下面附上struct input_event结构的使用代码

/* 
 * Copyright 2002 Red Hat Inc., Durham, North Carolina. 
 * 
 * All Rights Reserved. 
 * 
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining 
 * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the 
 * "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including 
 * without limitation on the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, 
 * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, 
 * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, 
 * subject to the following conditions: 
 * 
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the 
 * next paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial 
 * portions of the Software. 
 * 
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, 
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF 
 * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND 
 * NON-INFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL RED HAT AND/OR THEIR SUPPLIERS 
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN 
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN 
 * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE 
 * SOFTWARE. 
 * 
 * This is a simple test program that reads from /dev/input/event*, 
 * decoding events into a human readable form. 
 */  

/* 
 * Authors: 
 *   Rickard E. (Rik) Faith <faith@redhat.com> 
 * 
 */  

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <unistd.h>  
#include <string.h>  
#include <sys/types.h>  
#include <fcntl.h>  
#include <errno.h>  
#include <time.h>  
#include <linux/input.h>  

struct input_event event;  

int main(int argc, char **argv)  
{  
    char          name[64];           /* RATS: Use ok, but could be better */  
    char          buf[256] = { 0, };  /* RATS: Use ok */  
    unsigned char mask[EV_MAX/8 + 1]; /* RATS: Use ok */  
    int           version;  
    int           fd = 0;  
    int           rc;  
    int           i, j;  
    char          *tmp;  

#define test_bit(bit) (mask[(bit)/8] & (1 << ((bit)%8)))  

    for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {  
        sprintf(name, "/dev/input/event%d", i);  
        if ((fd = open(name, O_RDONLY, 0)) >= 0) {  
            ioctl(fd, EVIOCGVERSION, &version);  
            ioctl(fd, EVIOCGNAME(sizeof(buf)), buf);  
            ioctl(fd, EVIOCGBIT(0, sizeof(mask)), mask);  
            printf("%s\n", name);  
            printf("    evdev version: %d.%d.%d\n",  
                   version >> 16, (version >> 8) & 0xff, version & 0xff);  
            printf("    name: %s\n", buf);  
            printf("    features:");  
            for (j = 0; j < EV_MAX; j++) {  
                if (test_bit(j)) {  
                    const char *type = "unknown";  
                    switch(j) {  
                    case EV_KEY: type = "keys/buttons"; break;  
                    case EV_REL: type = "relative";     break;  
                    case EV_ABS: type = "absolute";     break;  
                    case EV_MSC: type = "reserved";     break;  
                    case EV_LED: type = "leds";         break;  
                    case EV_SND: type = "sound";        break;  
                    case EV_REP: type = "repeat";       break;  
                    case EV_FF:  type = "feedback";     break;  
                    }  
                    printf(" %s", type);  
                }  
            }  
            printf("\n");  
            close(fd);  
        }  
    }  

    if (argc > 1) {  
        sprintf(name, "/dev/input/event%d", atoi(argv[1]));  
        if ((fd = open(name, O_RDWR, 0)) >= 0) {  
            printf("%s: open, fd = %d\n", name, fd);  
            for (i = 0; i < LED_MAX; i++) {  
                event.time.tv_sec  = time(0);  
                event.time.tv_usec = 0;  
                event.type         = EV_LED;  
                event.code         = i;  
                event.value        = 0;  
                write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  
            }  

            while ((rc = read(fd, &event, sizeof(event))) > 0) {  
                printf("%-24.24s.%06lu type 0x%04x; code 0x%04x;"  
                       " value 0x%08x; ",  
                       ctime(&event.time.tv_sec),  
                       event.time.tv_usec,  
                       event.type, event.code, event.value);  
                switch (event.type) {  
                case EV_KEY:  
                    if (event.code > BTN_MISC) {  
                        printf("Button %d %s",  
                               event.code & 0xff,  
                               event.value ? "press" : "release");  
                    } else {  
                        printf("Key %d (0x%x) %s",  
                               event.code & 0xff,  
                               event.code & 0xff,  
                               event.value ? "press" : "release");  
                    }  
                    break;  
                case EV_REL:  
                    switch (event.code) {  
                    case REL_X:      tmp = "X";       break;  
                    case REL_Y:      tmp = "Y";       break;  
                    case REL_HWHEEL: tmp = "HWHEEL";  break;  
                    case REL_DIAL:   tmp = "DIAL";    break;  
                    case REL_WHEEL:  tmp = "WHEEL";   break;  
                    case REL_MISC:   tmp = "MISC";    break;  
                    default:         tmp = "UNKNOWN"; break;  
                    }  
                    printf("Relative %s %d", tmp, event.value);  
                    break;  
                case EV_ABS:  
                    switch (event.code) {  
                    case ABS_X:        tmp = "X";        break;  
                    case ABS_Y:        tmp = "Y";        break;  
                    case ABS_Z:        tmp = "Z";        break;  
                    case ABS_RX:       tmp = "RX";       break;  
                    case ABS_RY:       tmp = "RY";       break;  
                    case ABS_RZ:       tmp = "RZ";       break;  
                    case ABS_THROTTLE: tmp = "THROTTLE"; break;  
                    case ABS_RUDDER:   tmp = "RUDDER";   break;  
                    case ABS_WHEEL:    tmp = "WHEEL";    break;  
                    case ABS_GAS:      tmp = "GAS";      break;  
                    case ABS_BRAKE:    tmp = "BRAKE";    break;  
                    case ABS_HAT0X:    tmp = "HAT0X";    break;  
                    case ABS_HAT0Y:    tmp = "HAT0Y";    break;  
                    case ABS_HAT1X:    tmp = "HAT1X";    break;  
                    case ABS_HAT1Y:    tmp = "HAT1Y";    break;  
                    case ABS_HAT2X:    tmp = "HAT2X";    break;  
                    case ABS_HAT2Y:    tmp = "HAT2Y";    break;  
                    case ABS_HAT3X:    tmp = "HAT3X";    break;  
                    case ABS_HAT3Y:    tmp = "HAT3Y";    break;  
                    case ABS_PRESSURE: tmp = "PRESSURE"; break;  
                    case ABS_DISTANCE: tmp = "DISTANCE"; break;  
                    case ABS_TILT_X:   tmp = "TILT_X";   break;  
                    case ABS_TILT_Y:   tmp = "TILT_Y";   break;  
                    case ABS_MISC:     tmp = "MISC";     break;  
                    default:           tmp = "UNKNOWN";  break;  
                    }  
                    printf("Absolute %s %d", tmp, event.value);  
                    break;  
                case EV_MSC: printf("Misc"); break;  
                case EV_LED: printf("Led");  break;  
                case EV_SND: printf("Snd");  break;  
                case EV_REP: printf("Rep");  break;  
                case EV_FF:  printf("FF");   break;  
                    break;  
                }  
                printf("\n");  
            }  
            printf("rc = %d, (%s)\n", rc, strerror(errno));  
            close(fd);  
        }  
    }  
    return 0;  
}