Neither the JAVA_HOME nor the JRE_HOME environment variable is defined At least one of these environ

linux 下面关闭tomcat 会报错

root@jackray-M32CD4-K:/usr/tomcat/bin# sh shutdown.sh
Neither the JAVA_HOME nor the JRE_HOME environment variable is defined
At least one of these environment variable is needed to run this program

原因因为启动tomcat会调用tomcat安装文件中的startup.bat，而它调用了catalina.bat则调用了setclasspath.bat。因此需要在setclasspath.bat的开头手动声明环境变量。

解决办法用vim打开tomcat的bin目录下的setclasspath.sh，添加JAVA_HOME和JRE_HOME两个环境变量（下图红色方框内），两个环境变量路径为您安装的java JDK的路径。

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#  Set JAVA_HOME or JRE_HOME if not already set, ensure any provided settings
#  are valid and consistent with the selected start-up options and set up the
#  endorsed directory.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_191
export JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_191/jre

完美解决
参考地址