JavaSwing学习笔记

javaGUI学习

1. javaswing的基本操作

package com.guistudy;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class study01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口"); // Frame需要写监听器才可实现可关闭
        frame.setBounds(200,100,400,300); // setLocation()和setSize()的集合体
        frame.setBackground(new Color(250,250,250)); // 设置背景颜色
        frame.setVisible(true); // 设置窗口可见
        frame.setResizable(false); // 设置窗口不可拉伸
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        frame.setLayout(null); // 设置布局,常用的布局有FlowLayout流式布局，BorderLayout边界布局和GridLayout网格布局
        FlowLayout myflowlayout = new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT); // 流式布局直接add组件
        BorderLayout myborderlayout = new BorderLayout(); // 边界布局添加组件需指定位置，例frame.add(panel,BorderLayout.EAST)
        GridLayout mygridlayout = new GridLayout(3,2); //网格布局设置行列数之后可直接add组件
        panel.setBounds(0,50,400,200);
        panel.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        frame.add(panel); // 添加组件
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        }); //监听时间，监听窗口关闭时间(适配器模式)
        MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame(500,600,300,200); //JFrame是Frame的子类（swing是awt的升级，即带J的是不带J的升级版）
    }
}

class MyFrame extends JFrame {
    static int id = 0; //窗口计数器
    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h){
        super("Myframe"+(++id));
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2. 画笔

   class MyPaint extends JFrame{
       public MyPaint(){
           setBounds(200,200,400,300);
           setVisible(true);
       }
       @Override
       public void paint(Graphics g) {
           g.setColor(new Color(32,76,14));// 画笔颜色
           g.drawOval(100,100,100,100); //画一个空心的圆
           g.fillRect(200,200,100,50); //画一个实心的正方形
       }
   }
   

   运行截图：
   

   3. 实现画板

      public class study04 {
          public static void main(String[] args) {
              new MyPaint("point");
          }
      }
      
      class MyPaint extends JFrame{
          private ArrayList<Point> points;
          public MyPaint(String title){
              setBounds(200,200,400,300);
              setTitle(title);
              setBackground(Color.WHITE);
              setVisible(true);
              this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener()); // 在构造函数中添加鼠标监听器
              points = new ArrayList<>();
          }
          @Override
          public void paint(Graphics g) {
              Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
              while (iterator.hasNext()){
                  Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
                  g.setColor(new Color(65,156,43));
                  g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
              }
          }
          private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
              @Override
              public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
                  Frame myFrame = (Frame) e.getSource();
                  Point point = new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()); 
                  points.add(point); // 在列表中添加新的点
                  myFrame.repaint(); // 刷新画板
              }
          }
      }
      

4. 窗口监听事件 （以下代码实现关闭窗口）
   
   键盘监听事件 （以下代码实现删除点）
   

5. 自定义弹窗

   class MyDialog extends JDialog{
       public MyDialog(){
           this.setVisible(true);
           this.setBounds(100,100,300,200);
           this.add(new Label("A dialog"));
       }
   }
   

   JOptionPane类

   JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Are you sure to exit?");
   int option = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"Are you sure to exit?","Title",JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
   if (option == 0){ // 设置返回值得到按钮的状态
       setVisible(false);
   }else {
       System.out.println(option);
   }
   

6. Icon,ImageIcon类

   JLabel img = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
   URL url = MyPaint.class.getResource("banner.png"); //当前类.class.getResource()方法定位的是当前类的路径
   ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url); // 传入参数为URL类对象
   img.setIcon(imageIcon); // Button对象也可以通过此方法设置图片按钮
   img.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER); // 设置居中显示
   Container container = getContentPane(); // JFrame不能直接添加组件，需要用getContentPane()函数获取内容面板，再在内容面板上进行添加组件
   container.add(img);
   setVisible(true); // 在最后设置setVisible(true);
   

7. JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(img); //Scroll面板,具有滑动条
   container.add(scrollPane);
   

8. JRadioButton radioButton01 = new JRadioButton("1");
   JRadioButton radioButton02 = new JRadioButton("2");
   JRadioButton radioButton03 = new JRadioButton("3");
   ButtonGroup bg = new ButtonGroup(); // 需要一个按钮组将单选框联系起来
   bg.add(radioButton01);
   bg.add(radioButton02);
   bg.add(radioButton03);
   container.add(radioButton01); // 在容器中一个个添加单选框
   container.add(radioButton02);
   container.add(radioButton03);
   

9. JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("1"); // 多选框
   JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("2");
   JCheckBox checkBox3 = new JCheckBox("3");
   container.add(checkBox1);
   container.add(checkBox2);
   container.add(checkBox3);
   

10. JComboBox status = new JComboBox(); // 下拉框
    status.addItem(null);
    status.addItem("1");
    status.addItem("2");
    status.addItem("3");
    container.add(status);
    

11. String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
    JList list = new JList(contents); // 列表，用于展示动态信息
    container.add(list);
    

12. 极简版贪吃蛇

    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
    
    public class SnackGame { // 按下空格开始游戏
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new MainFrame();
        }
    }
    
    class MainFrame extends JFrame {
    
        private Container container;
        private GamePanel gamePanel;
    
        public MainFrame(){
            setTitle("SnackGame");
            setBounds(500,400,500,500);
            setResizable(false);
    
            gamePanel = new GamePanel(this);
            container = getContentPane();
            container.add(gamePanel);
    
            setVisible(true);
        }
    }
    
    class GamePanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener { // 实现ActionListener接口实现小蛇的动态效果
        
        private Boolean isStart;
        private int length;
        int[] snakeX = new int[500];
        int[] snakeY = new int[500];
        int buyX;
        int buyY;
        private ImageIcon img_snakehead;
        private ImageIcon img_snakebody;
        private ImageIcon img_none;
        private ImageIcon img_bug;
        private String direction;
        private Timer timer;
    
        public GamePanel(JFrame frame){
            init();
            frame.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                    int key = e.getKeyCode();
                    if (key == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
                        isStart = !isStart;
                    }
                    if (key == KeyEvent.VK_W && !direction.equals("south")){
                        direction = "north";
                    }else if (key == KeyEvent.VK_D && !direction.equals("west")){
                        direction = "east";
                    }else if (key == KeyEvent.VK_S && !direction.equals("north")){
                        direction = "south";
                    }else if (key == KeyEvent.VK_A && !direction.equals("east")){
                        direction = "west";
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    
        public void init(){
            this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
            this.setSize(500,500);
            isStart = false;
            img_snakehead = new ImageIcon(GamePanel.class.getResource("image/snakehead.png"));
            img_snakebody = new ImageIcon(GamePanel.class.getResource("image/snakebody.png"));
            img_none = new ImageIcon(GamePanel.class.getResource("image/imgnone.png"));
            img_bug = new ImageIcon(GamePanel.class.getResource("image/imgbug.png"));
            length = 4;
            direction = "east";
            snakeX[0] = 100; //头X坐标
            snakeY[0] = 100; //头Y坐标
            snakeX[1] = 75; //第一节X坐标
            snakeY[1] = 100; //第一节Y坐标
            snakeX[2] = 50;
            snakeY[2] = 100;
            snakeX[3] = 25;
            snakeY[3] = 100;
            timer = new Timer(100,this);
            createbug();
            timer.start();
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            img_snakehead.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
            for (int i = 1;i < length;i++){
                img_snakebody.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);
            }
            img_none.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[length-1],snakeY[length-1]);
            img_bug.paintIcon(this,g,buyX,buyY);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            if (isStart){
                for (int i=length-1;i>=1;i--){
                    if (snakeX[i]==snakeX[0]&&snakeY[i]==snakeY[0]){
                        isStart = false;
                        JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"You are lost\nYour score is "+(length-1));
                        System.exit(0);
                    }
                    snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
                    snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
                }
                if (direction.equals("east")){
                    snakeX[0] += 25;
                }else if(direction.equals("west")){
                    snakeX[0] -= 25;
                }else if(direction.equals("south")){
                    snakeY[0] += 25;
                }else if(direction.equals("north")){
                    snakeY[0] -= 25;
                }
                if (snakeX[0] >= 500){
                    snakeX[0] -= 500;
                }
                if (snakeX[0] < 0){
                    snakeX[0] += 500;
                }
                if (snakeY[0] >= 475){
                    snakeY[0] -=475;
                }
                if (snakeY[0] < 0){
                    snakeY[0] += 475;
                }
                if (snakeX[0] == buyX && snakeY[0] == buyY){
                    createbug();
                    length ++;
                }
                repaint();
            }
        }
    
        public void createbug(){
            Boolean flag = false;
            do{
                buyX = (int)(Math.random()*19)*25;
                buyY = (int)(Math.random()*18)*25;
                for (int i=0;i<length;i++){
                    if (snakeX[i]==buyX&&snakeY[i]==buyY){
                        flag = false;
                        break;
                    }
                    if (i == length-1){
                        flag = true;
                    }
                }
            }while (!flag);
        }
    }