1.首先在html页面使用a标签来连接到需要下载的资源,资源是放在WebContent下的download目录下的
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>使用服务器端编码的方式实现文件下载</h2>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?fileName=a.flv">点击下载a.flv视频</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?fileName=b.jpg">点击下载b.jpg图片</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?fileName=c.mp3">点击下载c.mp3音频</a><br/>
</body>
</html>
2.在DownloadServlet中告诉客户端文件不用解析直接下载
package com.content;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/downloadServlet")
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获得要下载的文件的名称
String fileName = request.getParameter("fileName");
//要下载的文件的类型----客户端通过文件的MIME类型来区别文件类型(这个可以不用写)
//response.setContentType(this.getServletContext().getMimeType(fileName));
//告诉客户端该文件不是直接解析,而是下载(后面拼上文件的名字)
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+fileName);
//获取文件的绝对路径
String path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("download/"+fileName);
//获得该文件的输入流
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
//获得输出流---通过response获得的输出流,用于向客户端写内容
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//文件拷贝(文件下载其实就是文件拷贝)
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buffer))>0) {
out.write(buffer,0,len);
}
in.close();
out.close();//这个可以不写,因为是由response创建的输出流对象,tomcat容器会帮我们关上
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
3.上面的DownloadServlet无法下载中文名的文件,需要优化编码
package com.content;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
@WebServlet("/downloadServlet")
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获得要下载的文件的名称,这里获得的要是中文文件名会产生乱码,需要处理
String fileName = request.getParameter("fileName");
//解决中文乱码问题,但是后续编码依旧会有问题
fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
//要下载的文件的类型----客户端通过文件的MIME类型来区别文件类型(这个可以不用写)
//response.setContentType(this.getServletContext().getMimeType(fileName));
//获得请求头中的User-Agent,这段代码不许要记忆,要用时直接拿来用就行了
String agent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
String chineseFileName = "";
//根据不同浏览器进行不同的编码
if(agent.contains("MSIE")) {
//IE浏览器
chineseFileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "utf-8");
chineseFileName = chineseFileName.replace("+", " ");
}else if(agent.contains("Firefox")) {
//火狐浏览器
BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
chineseFileName = "=?utf-8?B?"+base64Encoder.encode(fileName.getBytes("utf-8"))+"?=";
}else {
chineseFileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "utf-8");
}
//告诉客户端该文件不是直接解析,而是下载(后面拼上文件的名字),这里的fileName客户端用默认的编码解析,所以我们需要用对应客户端的解码形式来进行编码
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+chineseFileName);
//获取文件的绝对路径
String path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("download/"+fileName);
//获得该文件的输入流
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
//获得输出流---通过response获得的输出流,用于向客户端写内容
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//文件拷贝(文件下载其实就是文件拷贝)
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buffer))>0) {
out.write(buffer,0,len);
}
in.close();
out.close();//这个可以不写,因为是由response创建的输出流对象,web容器会帮我们关上
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}