双向链表处理不定长数据的问题

应用方面

在所有的嵌入式设备中,内存有限成了硬件的一个鸡肋,所以, 减少内存的使用 在嵌入式程序中尤为重要。而双向链表就是一种好的选择。

双向链表逻辑处理示意图

逻辑示意图

数据结构设置

typedef struct doubly_linked_list_s doubly_linked_list_t;

struct doubly_linked_list_s
{
	int list_id;
	int total_children;
	doubly_linked_list_t *children;
	doubly_linked_list_t *prev;
	doubly_linked_list_t *next;
};

初始化双向链表

typedef struct doubly_linked_list_s  doubly_linked_list;
doubly_linked_list *g_Parent = NULL;

doubly_linked_list *init_doubly_linked_list(void)
{
	if(NULL != g_Parent)
	{
		return g_Parent;
	}

	g_Parent = (doubly_linked_list*)malloc(sizeof(doubly_linked_list));
	if(NULL == g_Parent)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	g_Parent->list_id = 0;
	g_Parent->total_children = 0;
	g_Parent->children = NULL;
	g_Parent->prev = g_Parent;
	g_Parent->next = g_Parent;

	return g_Parent;
}

双向链表节点内存的申请和释放

doubly_linked_list *doubly_linked_palloc(int id)
{
	doubly_linked_list* doubly_node = NULL;

	doubly_node = (doubly_linked_list*)malloc(sizeof(doubly_linked_list));
	if(NULL == doubly_node)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	doubly_node->list_id = id;
	doubly_node->children = NULL;
	doubly_node->total_children = 0;
	doubly_node->next = doubly_node;
	doubly_node->prev = doubly_node;

	return doubly_node;
}


int doubly_linked_pfree(doubly_linked_list *p)
{
	doubly_linked_list *temp = NULL, *cur = NULL;;

	if(NULL == p)
	{
		return 0;
	}

	if(NULL != p->children)
	{	
		temp = p->children;	
	
		while(temp)
		{
			cur = temp;
			free(cur);
			cur = NULL;			
			temp = temp->next; 
		}	
	}

	p->children = NULL;
	p->next = NULL;
	p->prev = NULL;

	free(p);
	p = NULL;

	return 0;
}

初始化双向链表数据

doubly_linked_list *init_doubly_linked_list_data(doubly_linked_list* parent)
{
	int i = 0;
	int cnt = 0;
	doubly_linked_list *cur = NULL;
	doubly_linked_list *new = NULL;

	if(NULL == parent)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	for(i = 0; i < TOTAL_ITEMS; i++)
	{
		new = doubly_linked_palloc(i);

		if(NULL == new)
		{
			break;
		}

		if(0 == i)
		{
			parent->children = new;
			cur = g_Parent->children;

		}
		else
		{
			new->prev = cur->prev;
			new->prev->next = new;
			new->next = cur;
			cur->prev = new;	
		}

		cnt++;
	}

	parent->total_children = cnt;

	return parent;
}

移除节点,但不释放内存

doubly_linked_list*  remove_from_doubly_linked_list(doubly_linked_list* parent, 
	doubly_linked_list* cur, int direction)
{
	if(NULL == parent || NULL == cur)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	if(1 == direction)
	{
		(cur)->next->prev = (cur)->prev;
		(cur)->prev->next = (cur)->next;	
		parent->children = (cur)->next;	
	}
	else
	{
		cur->prev->next = cur->next;
		cur->next->prev = cur->prev;
	}
	
	(cur)->prev = NULL;
	(cur)->next = NULL;

	return cur;
}

数据在头部/末尾添加

doubly_linked_list*  insert_from_doubly_linked_list_tail(doubly_linked_list* parent, 
	doubly_linked_list* cur)
{
	if(NULL == parent || NULL == cur)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	(cur)->prev = (parent)->prev;
	(cur)->prev->next = (cur);
	(cur)->next = (parent);
	(parent)->prev = (cur);
	
	return cur;
}


doubly_linked_list*  insert_from_doubly_linked_list_head(doubly_linked_list* parent, 
	doubly_linked_list* cur)
{
	if(NULL == parent || NULL == cur)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	cur->next = parent;
	cur->prev = parent->prev;
	cur->prev->next = cur;
	parent->prev = cur;
	
	return cur;
}

向下/上移动操作的双向链表逻辑

int move_doubly_linked_list_down(doubly_linked_list* parent)
{
	doubly_linked_list* cur = NULL;	

	cur = remove_from_doubly_linked_list(parent, parent->children, DOWN_DIRE);

	if(NULL == cur)
	{
		return -1;
	}

	cur->list_id = parent->children->prev->list_id+1;

	insert_from_doubly_linked_list_tail(parent->children, cur);

	print_doubly_linked_list_data(parent);

	return 0;
}


int move_doubly_linked_list_up(doubly_linked_list* parent)
{
	doubly_linked_list* cur = NULL;	

	cur = remove_from_doubly_linked_list(parent, parent->children->prev, UP_DIRE);

	if(NULL == cur)
	{
		return -1;
	}

	cur->list_id = parent->children->list_id-1;

	insert_from_doubly_linked_list_head(parent->children, cur);
	parent->children = cur;

	print_doubly_linked_list_data(parent);

	return 0;
}

完整代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <string.h>

#define UP_DIRE       0      // Move up flag
#define DOWN_DIRE     1      // Move down flag

#define TOTAL_ITEMS   10     // Maximum number of rows displayed. 

typedef struct doubly_linked_list_s doubly_linked_list_t;

struct doubly_linked_list_s
{
	int list_id;
	int total_children;
	doubly_linked_list_t *children;
	doubly_linked_list_t *prev;
	doubly_linked_list_t *next;
};

typedef struct doubly_linked_list_s  doubly_linked_list;
doubly_linked_list *g_Parent = NULL;

doubly_linked_list *init_doubly_linked_list(void)
{
	if(NULL != g_Parent)
	{
		return g_Parent;
	}

	g_Parent = (doubly_linked_list*)malloc(sizeof(doubly_linked_list));
	if(NULL == g_Parent)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	g_Parent->list_id = 0;
	g_Parent->total_children = 0;
	g_Parent->children = NULL;
	g_Parent->prev = g_Parent;
	g_Parent->next = g_Parent;

	return g_Parent;
}


doubly_linked_list *doubly_linked_palloc(int id)
{
	doubly_linked_list* doubly_node = NULL;

	doubly_node = (doubly_linked_list*)malloc(sizeof(doubly_linked_list));
	if(NULL == doubly_node)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	doubly_node->list_id = id;
	doubly_node->children = NULL;
	doubly_node->total_children = 0;
	doubly_node->next = doubly_node;
	doubly_node->prev = doubly_node;

	return doubly_node;
}


int doubly_linked_pfree(doubly_linked_list *p)
{
	doubly_linked_list *temp = NULL, *cur = NULL;;

	if(NULL == p)
	{
		return 0;
	}

	if(NULL != p->children)
	{	
		temp = p->children;	
	
		while(temp)
		{
			cur = temp;
			free(cur);
			cur = NULL;			
			temp = temp->next; 
		}	
	}

	p->children = NULL;
	p->next = NULL;
	p->prev = NULL;

	free(p);
	p = NULL;

	return 0;
}


doubly_linked_list *init_doubly_linked_list_data(doubly_linked_list* parent)
{
	int i = 0;
	int cnt = 0;
	doubly_linked_list *cur = NULL;
	doubly_linked_list *new = NULL;

	if(NULL == parent)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	for(i = 0; i < TOTAL_ITEMS; i++)
	{
		new = doubly_linked_palloc(i);

		if(NULL == new)
		{
			break;
		}

		if(0 == i)
		{
			parent->children = new;
			cur = g_Parent->children;

		}
		else
		{
			new->prev = cur->prev;
			new->prev->next = new;
			new->next = cur;
			cur->prev = new;	
		}

		cnt++;
	}

	parent->total_children = cnt;

	return parent;
}

int print_doubly_linked_list_data(doubly_linked_list* parent)
{
	int i = 0;
	doubly_linked_list *cur = NULL;

	if(NULL == parent)
	{
		return -1;
	}

	cur = g_Parent->children;

	for(i = 0; i < parent->total_children && cur; i++)
	{
		printf("id = %d\n", cur->list_id);
		cur = cur->next;
	}

	printf("\n====================================\n");

	return 0;
}


doubly_linked_list*  remove_from_doubly_linked_list(doubly_linked_list* parent, 
	doubly_linked_list* cur, int direction)
{
	if(NULL == parent || NULL == cur)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	if(1 == direction)
	{
		(cur)->next->prev = (cur)->prev;
		(cur)->prev->next = (cur)->next;	
		parent->children = (cur)->next;	
	}
	else
	{
		cur->prev->next = cur->next;
		cur->next->prev = cur->prev;
	}
	
	(cur)->prev = NULL;
	(cur)->next = NULL;

	return cur;
}

doubly_linked_list*  insert_from_doubly_linked_list_tail(doubly_linked_list* parent, 
	doubly_linked_list* cur)
{
	if(NULL == parent || NULL == cur)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	(cur)->prev = (parent)->prev;
	(cur)->prev->next = (cur);
	(cur)->next = (parent);
	(parent)->prev = (cur);

	return cur;
}


doubly_linked_list*  insert_from_doubly_linked_list_head(doubly_linked_list* parent, 
	doubly_linked_list* cur)
{
	if(NULL == parent || NULL == cur)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	cur->next = parent;
	cur->prev = parent->prev;
	cur->prev->next = cur;
	parent->prev = cur;


	return cur;
}

int move_doubly_linked_list_down(doubly_linked_list* parent)
{
	doubly_linked_list* cur = NULL;	

	cur = remove_from_doubly_linked_list(parent, parent->children, DOWN_DIRE);

	if(NULL == cur)
	{
		return -1;
	}

	cur->list_id = parent->children->prev->list_id+1;

	insert_from_doubly_linked_list_tail(parent->children, cur);

	print_doubly_linked_list_data(parent);

	return 0;
}


int move_doubly_linked_list_up(doubly_linked_list* parent)
{
	doubly_linked_list* cur = NULL;	

	cur = remove_from_doubly_linked_list(parent, parent->children->prev, UP_DIRE);

	if(NULL == cur)
	{
		return -1;
	}

	cur->list_id = parent->children->list_id-1;

	insert_from_doubly_linked_list_head(parent->children, cur);
	parent->children = cur;

	print_doubly_linked_list_data(parent);

	return 0;
}


int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
	
	init_doubly_linked_list();
	init_doubly_linked_list_data(g_Parent);
	print_doubly_linked_list_data(g_Parent);

	move_doubly_linked_list_down(g_Parent);
	move_doubly_linked_list_down(g_Parent);

	move_doubly_linked_list_up(g_Parent);
	move_doubly_linked_list_up(g_Parent);
	return 0;
}

总结

使用双向链表的特性之一,就是可以快速定位到末尾指针,这样可以在向下操作时,快速定位。

定长显示,只需要把第一个或者最后一个进行剔出,不需要释放内存,直接对该节点进行赋值即可,并修改双向链表的处理。

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