RGB与HSB
rgb三个分量的值相等时即为灰度图,值的大小体现了图的灰度。
彩图的颜色就是通过rgb值的差异进行体现的,rgb不等值的情况,只说明这不是完全的灰度图,
或者叫做彩色饱和度不高的彩图,只是肉眼分辨不出来。
为此,要将rgb模式转换为hsb模式再去判断,其中:h色相,s饱和度,b对比度。
转换为hsb后,判断饱和度,如果s<10%即可认为是灰度图,至于这个阈值是10%还是15%,需要根据实际情况来做判断;
RGB与HSB是什么
1.RGB是一种加色模型,就是将不同比例的Red/Green/Blue混合在一起得到新颜色.通常RGB颜色模型表示为:
2.HSB(HSV) 通过色相/饱和度/亮度三要素来表达颜色.
H(Hue):表示颜色的类型(例如红色,绿色或者黄色).取值范围为0—360.其中每一个值代表一种颜色.
S(Saturation):颜色的饱和度.从0到1.有时候也称为纯度.(0表示灰度图,1表示纯的颜色)
B(Brightness or Value):颜色的明亮程度.从0到1.(0表示黑色,1表示特定饱和度的颜色)
RGB到HSV(HSB)的转换 公式
HSV(HSB)到RGB的转换公式 写道
代码:
Java代码
- /**
- * rgb2hsb 单独 RGB转HSB
- * @param rgbR
- * @param rgbG
- * @param rgbB
- * @return float[]
- */
- public static float[] rgb2hsb(int rgbR, int rgbG, int rgbB) {
- assert 0 <= rgbR && rgbR <= 255;
- assert 0 <= rgbG && rgbG <= 255;
- assert 0 <= rgbB && rgbB <= 255;
- int[] rgb = new int[] { rgbR, rgbG, rgbB };
- float[] hsb = new float[5];
- Arrays.sort(rgb);
- int max = rgb[2];
- int min = rgb[0];
- float hsbB = max / 255.0f;
- float hsbS = max == 0 ? 0 : (max - min) / (float) max;
- float hsbH = 0;
- if (max == rgbR && rgbG >= rgbB) {
- hsbH = (rgbG - rgbB) * 60f / (max - min) + 0;
- } else if (max == rgbR && rgbG < rgbB) {
- hsbH = (rgbG - rgbB) * 60f / (max - min) + 360;
- } else if (max == rgbG) {
- hsbH = (rgbB - rgbR) * 60f / (max - min) + 120;
- } else if (max == rgbB) {
- hsbH = (rgbR - rgbG) * 60f / (max - min) + 240;
- }
- hsb[0] = hsbH;
- hsb[1] = hsbS;
- hsb[2] = hsbB;
- return hsb;
- }
- /**
- * hsb2rgb 单独 HSB转RGB
- * @param h
- * @param s
- * @param v
- * @return int[]
- */
- public static int[] hsb2rgb(float h, float s, float v) {
- assert Float.compare(h, 0.0f) >= 0 && Float.compare(h, 360.0f) <= 0;
- assert Float.compare(s, 0.0f) >= 0 && Float.compare(s, 1.0f) <= 0;
- assert Float.compare(v, 0.0f) >= 0 && Float.compare(v, 1.0f) <= 0;
- float r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;
- int i = (int) ((h / 60) % 6);
- float f = (h / 60) - i;
- float p = v * (1 - s);
- float q = v * (1 - f * s);
- float t = v * (1 - (1 - f) * s);
- switch (i) {
- case 0:
- r = v;
- g = t;
- b = p;
- break;
- case 1:
- r = q;
- g = v;
- b = p;
- break;
- case 2:
- r = p;
- g = v;
- b = t;
- break;
- case 3:
- r = p;
- g = q;
- b = v;
- break;
- case 4:
- r = t;
- g = p;
- b = v;
- break;
- case 5:
- r = v;
- g = p;
- b = q;
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
- return new int[] { (int) (r * 255.0), (int) (g * 255.0),
- (int) (b * 255.0) };
- }
读取一张图片的RGB值
Java代码
- /**
- * 读取一张图片的RGB值
- * @param image
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static ArrayList<int[]> getImagePixel(File imagefile) throws Exception {
- // File file = new File(image);
- BufferedImage bi = null;
- ArrayList<int[]> rgblist = new ArrayList<int[]>();
- try {
- bi = ImageIO.read(imagefile);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- int width = bi.getWidth(); //返回 BufferedImage 的宽度。
- int height = bi.getHeight(); //返回 BufferedImage 的高度。
- int minx = bi.getMinX(); //返回此 BufferedImage 的最小 x 坐标。
- int miny = bi.getMinY(); //返回此 BufferedImage 的最小 y 坐标。
- System.out.println("width=" + width + ",height=" + height + ".");
- System.out.println("minx=" + minx + ",miniy=" + miny + ".");
- //循环遍历添加至list中
- for (int i = minx; i < width; i++) {
- for (int j = miny; j < height; j++) {
- int[] rgb = new int[5]; //rgb数组
- int pixel = bi.getRGB(i, j); // 下面三行代码将一个数字转换为RGB数字
- rgb[0] = (pixel & 0xff0000) >> 16; //AB位
- rgb[1] = (pixel & 0xff00) >> 8; //CD位
- rgb[2] = (pixel & 0xff); //EF位
- rgb[3] = i; // x 坐标。
- rgb[4] = j; //y 坐标。
- rgblist.add(rgb);
- // System.out.println("i=" + i + ",j=" + j + ":(" + rgb[0] + ","
- // + rgb[1] + "," + rgb[2] + ")");
- }
- }
- return rgblist;
- }
package com.main;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.opencv.core.Core;
import org.opencv.core.Mat;
import org.opencv.imgcodecs.Imgcodecs;
public class ImageColorArea {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.loadLibrary(Core.NATIVE_LIBRARY_NAME);
// System.out.println("Welcome to OpenCV " + Core.VERSION);
// 读入图片D:\\test\\imgs\\scsc.png
Mat image = Imgcodecs.imread("D:\\test\\imgs\\zqzm.png");
if (image.empty())
return;
Mat newimage = colorArea(image);
}
public static Mat colorArea(Mat image) {
int width = image.cols();
int height = image.rows();
int dims = image.channels();
byte[] data = new byte[width * height * dims];
image.get(0, 0, data);
int index = 0;
int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;
long allpoint = width*height;
long whitepoint = 0;
long blackpoint = 0;
long colorpoint = 0;
long redpoint = 0;
for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < width * dims; col += dims) {
index = row * width * dims + col;
b = data[index] & 0xff;
g = data[index + 1] & 0xff;
r = data[index + 2] & 0xff;
// float[] cmyklist = ColorUtils.getCMYK(r, g, b);
// if(cmyklist[3]>0&&cmyklist[0]==0&&cmyklist[1]==0&&cmyklist[2]==0){
// System.out.println("什么颜色:"+r+","+g+","+b+"cmyk:"+cmyklist[0]+","+cmyklist[1]+","+cmyklist[2]+","+cmyklist[3]);
// blackpoint++;
// }
if(r==255 && g==255 &&b==255){
whitepoint++;
}else{
float[] hsb = rgb2hsb(r,g,b);
if(hsb[1]==0 || hsb[2]==0 ||(hsb[1]<0.15 && hsb[2]<0.15)){
blackpoint++;
}else{
colorpoint++;
}
// long colorsum = (long) (0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g + 0.0722 * b);
// if(colorsum<40){
// blackpoint++;
// }else{
// colorpoint++;
// }
}
// if(r==255 && g==255 &&b==255){
// whitepoint++;
// }else
// if(r==0 && g==0 &&b==0){
// blackpoint++;
// }else
// if(r==255 && g==0 &&b==0){
// redpoint++;
// }else{
float[] cmyklist = ColorUtils.getCMYK(r, g, b);
System.out.println("什么颜色:"+r+","+g+","+b+"cmyk:"+cmyklist[0]+","+cmyklist[1]+","+cmyklist[2]+","+cmyklist[3]);
// }
}
}
BigDecimal allpoint_bd = new BigDecimal(allpoint);
BigDecimal whitepoint_bd = new BigDecimal(whitepoint);
BigDecimal blackpoint_bd = new BigDecimal(blackpoint);
BigDecimal colorpoint_bd = new BigDecimal(colorpoint);
BigDecimal redpoint_bd = new BigDecimal(redpoint);
System.out.println("总点数:"+allpoint_bd+"白色点数:"+whitepoint_bd+"黑色点数:"+blackpoint_bd+"彩色点数:"+colorpoint_bd);
System.out.println("白色区域比例:"+whitepoint_bd.divide(allpoint_bd,10,RoundingMode.HALF_UP)+"黑色区域比例:"+blackpoint_bd.divide(allpoint_bd,10,RoundingMode.DOWN)+"彩色区域比例:"+colorpoint_bd.divide(allpoint_bd,10,RoundingMode.DOWN));
image.put(0, 0, data);
return image;
}
public static float[] rgb2hsb(int rgbR, int rgbG, int rgbB) {
assert 0 <= rgbR && rgbR <= 255;
assert 0 <= rgbG && rgbG <= 255;
assert 0 <= rgbB && rgbB <= 255;
int[] rgb = new int[] { rgbR, rgbG, rgbB };
float[] hsb = new float[5];
Arrays.sort(rgb);
int max = rgb[2];
int min = rgb[0];
float hsbB = max / 255.0f;
float hsbS = max == 0 ? 0 : (max - min) / (float) max;
float hsbH = 0;
if (max == rgbR && rgbG >= rgbB) {
hsbH = (rgbG - rgbB) * 60f / (max - min) + 0;
} else if (max == rgbR && rgbG < rgbB) {
hsbH = (rgbG - rgbB) * 60f / (max - min) + 360;
} else if (max == rgbG) {
hsbH = (rgbB - rgbR) * 60f / (max - min) + 120;
} else if (max == rgbB) {
hsbH = (rgbR - rgbG) * 60f / (max - min) + 240;
}
hsb[0] = hsbH;
hsb[1] = hsbS;
hsb[2] = hsbB;
return hsb;
}
}