.NET提供了SerialPort类进行串口通信。
串口主要有以下几个参数:
1.串口名称(PortName)
2.波特率(BaudRate)
3.数据位(DataBits)
4.奇偶效应(Parity)
5.停止位(StopBits)
使用很简单,连我这个.NET新手也能很快上手.以下是从网上找到并自己修改后的参考代码:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows;
- using System.Windows.Controls;
- using System.Windows.Data;
- using System.Windows.Documents;
- using System.Windows.Input;
- using System.Windows.Media;
- using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
- using System.Windows.Navigation;
- using System.Windows.Shapes;
- using System.IO.Ports;
- namespace CsharpComm
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// Window1.xaml 的交互逻辑
- /// </summary>
- public partial class Window1 : Window
- {
- public Window1()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- //定义 SerialPort对象
- SerialPort port1;
- //初始化SerialPort对象方法.PortName为COM口名称,例如"COM1","COM2"等,注意是string类型
- public void InitCOM(string PortName)
- {
- port1 = new SerialPort(PortName);
- port1.BaudRate = 9600;//波特率
- port1.Parity = Parity.None;//无奇偶校验位
- port1.StopBits = StopBits.Two;//两个停止位
- port1.Handshake = Handshake.RequestToSend;//控制协议
- port1.ReceivedBytesThreshold = 4;//设置 DataReceived 事件发生前内部输入缓冲区中的字节数
- port1.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(port1_DataReceived);//DataReceived事件委托
- }
- //DataReceived事件委托方法
- private void port1_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
- {
- try
- {
- StringBuilder currentline = new StringBuilder();
- //循环接收数据
- while (port1.BytesToRead > 0)
- {
- char ch = (char)port1.ReadByte();
- currentline.Append(ch);
- }
- //在这里对接收到的数据进行处理
- //
- currentline = new StringBuilder();
- }
- catch(Exception ex)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(ex.Message.ToString());
- }
- }
- //打开串口的方法
- public void OpenPort()
- {
- try
- {
- port1.Open();
- }
- catch { }
- if (port1.IsOpen)
- {
- Console.WriteLine("the port is opened!");
- }
- else
- {
- Console.WriteLine("failure to open the port!");
- }
- }
- //关闭串口的方法
- public void ClosePort()
- {
- port1.Close();
- if (!port1.IsOpen)
- {
- Console.WriteLine("the port is already closed!");
- }
- }
- //向串口发送数据
- public void SendCommand(string CommandString)
- {
- byte[] WriteBuffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(CommandString);
- port1.Write(WriteBuffer, 0, WriteBuffer.Length);
- }
- //调用实例
- private void btnOpen_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- //我现在用的COM1端口,按需要可改成COM2,COM3
- InitCOM("COM1");
- OpenPort();
- }
- }
- }
值得注意的是:
1. port1.ReceivedBytesThreshold = 4; ReceivedBytesThreshold属性设置触发一次DataReceived事件时将接收到的数据字节数.由于我的硬件是一次发上来4个字节估设置为4.如果不能正确设置这个属性的话,在SerialPort对象第一次触发DataReceived事件时还是正确的(4个字节),但是从第二次触发之后都是一个字节触发一次DataReceived事件...为什么这样搞不清楚...
2.如果在 DataReceived 委托事件中使用了不是DataReceived委托事件所在线程创建的UI控件,函数等,需要使用到Dispatcher 类来达到线程安全,不然会报错.以下是MSDN中Dispatcher类的例子(XAML),简单明了:
- private delegate void AddTextDelegate(Panel p, String text);
- private void AddText(Panel p, String text)
- {
- p.Children.Clear();
- p.Children.Add(new TextBlock { Text = text });
- }
- private void TestBeginInvokeWithParameters(Panel p)
- {
- if (p.Dispatcher.CheckAccess()) AddText(p, "Added directly.");
- else p.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(
- new AddTextDelegate(AddText), p, "Added by Dispatcher.");
- }
还有一个比较简单的方法。
- //create a serialport object,with COM1,baudrate 57600,parity bit:none,data bit:8
- //stopbits:one
- SerialPort sport = new SerialPort("COM1",57600,Parity.None,8,StopBits.One);
- private void seriallistenfun()
- {
- try
- {
- if (sport.IsOpen)
- {
- sport.Close();
- sport.Open(); //open com
- }
- else
- {
- sport.Open();//open com
- }
- String data;
- string path = Path.GetDirectoryName(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().CodeBase); //得到当前路径
- path = path+@"/newfile.txt";
- FileStream TextFile = File.Open(path, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write,FileShare.Read);//创建文件
- byte [] Info ;
- while (true)
- {
- if (sport.BytesToRead != 0)
- {
- data = sport.ReadExisting().ToString();//读取串口数据
- this.BeginInvoke(dfun, new object[] { data });
- data += "/r/n";
- Info = new UTF8Encoding(true).GetBytes(data);//转换成字节流
- TextFile.Write(Info,0,Info.Length);//写入文件
- Thread.Sleep(10);
- }
- else
- {
- //this.BeginInvoke(dfun, new object[] { "Serialrev:NULL" });
- Thread.Sleep(50);
- }
- }
- }
- catch(SystemException e)
- {
- this.BeginInvoke(dfun, new object[] { e.ToString() });
- }