java中Singleton的几种实现方式

1. 静态、线程安全和双锁校验实现方式

class Singleton {

    private volatile static Singleton _instance;

    private Singleton() {
        // preventing Singleton object instantiation from outside
    }

    /**

     * 静态类实现

     * 1st version: creates multiple instance if two thread access
     * this method simultaneously
     */

    public static Singleton getInstance() {
        if (_instance == null) {
            _instance = new Singleton();
        }
        return _instance;
    }

    /**

     * 线程安全
     * 2nd version : this definitely thread-safe and only
     * creates one instance of Singleton on concurrent environment
     * but unnecessarily expensive due to cost of synchronization
     * at every call.
     */
	
    public static synchronized Singleton getInstanceTS() {
        if (_instance == null) {
            _instance = new Singleton();
        }
        return _instance;
    }

    /**

     * 双锁校验
     * 3rd version : An implementation of double checked locking of Singleton.
     * Intention is to minimize cost of synchronization and  improve performance,
     * by only locking critical section of code, the code which creates
 instance of Singleton class.
     * By the way this is still broken, if we don't make _instance volatile,
 as another thread can
     * see a half initialized instance of Singleton.
     */

    public static Singleton getInstanceDC() {
        if (_instance == null) {
            synchronized (Singleton.class) {
                if (_instance == null) {
                    _instance = new Singleton();
                }
            }
        }
        return _instance;
    }
}

2. Enum实现方式（推荐）


 
 

  
  /**
* Singleton pattern example using Java Enumj
*/
 
 
 
 

  
  public enum EasySingleton
  
  {
  
  
    INSTANCE
  
  ;
  
  

  
  }