springCloud基础应用
1.概念:
Spring Cloud可以帮助服务发现,负载平衡,断路,分布式跟踪和监视。 它甚至可以充当API网关。
2.springboot和springCloud之间的关系?
- **springboot专注于快速方便的开发单个个体微服务**
- **springcloud是关注全局的微服务协调整理整治框架**,它将springboot开发的一个个单体微服务整合起来并管理起来,为各个微服务之间提供:配置管理,服务发现,断路由,路由,微代理,事件总线,全局锁,决策竞选,分布式会话....集成服务。
- springboot可以离开springcloud单独存在,反之不行。
springCloud官网中文文档:https://www.springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-greenwich.html
springCloud中文网:https://springcloud.cc
springCloud中文网翻译文档: https://springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-netflix.html
springCloud中国社区:https://springcloud.cn/
3.使用springcloud
版本选择:(springCloud和springBoot依赖版本之间需要进行匹配)
Release Train Version: Hoxton.SR7-------匹配------Supported Boot Version: 2.3.2.RELEASE(我的版本选择)
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创建一个总工程:打包方式pom,pom.xml配置文件也发生改变:
依赖: 进行依赖管理
<!--父工程pom.xml文件-->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zhang</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>demo</name>
<description>springcloud project for Spring Boot</description>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<lombok.version>1.16.10</lombok.version>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<!--dependencyManagement是管理依赖,不会进行导入显示,只有使用才可以-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--springcloud依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR7</version>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--springboot依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis-springboot 启动器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JDBC -->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>-->
<!--mysql-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--druid-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.12</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--log4j-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
1.创建一个普通的maven的model名称为springcloud-pojo,放置实体类
-
在pom.xml文件中,使用什么依赖,就会直接指向父工程的pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <!--父工程,自动导入的,如果没有就是创建有问题--> <parent> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <groupId>com.zhang</groupId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!--当前工程--> <artifactId>springcloud-pojo</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <!--父工程提供相应的版本--> </dependency> </dependencies>
-
配置数据库,创建数据库,创建数据库表
dno 部门编号
dname 部门名称
db_source 数据库名称(用于观察数据来自于哪个数据库) -
创建实体类(需要序列化,不然出错)
import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import lombok.experimental.Accessors; import java.io.Serializable; @Data @NoArgsConstructor @Accessors(chain = true) // 链式写法 // 每个实体类必须进行序列化操作,实体类和数据库表字段相对应 public class Dept implements Serializable { private Integer dno; private String dname; private String db_source; public Dept(String dname) { this.dname = dname; } }
2.创建第二个maven的model,从属于生产者:springcloud-provider-dept-8001(使用数据库表,使用服务器端口号)
-
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <groupId>com.zhang</groupId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>springcloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId> <!--下面的依赖都是继承于父类管理的依赖,所以不用指定版本--> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.zhang</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud-pojo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--热部署--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> </dependency> <!--也可以使用jetty,跟Tomcat一样--> </dependencies>
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配置文件:application.yml
# 端口配置 server: port: 8081 # mybatis配置 mybatis: # 扫描mapper文件 mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml #config-location: classpath:mybatis/config/*.xml type-aliases-package: com.zhang.pojo #spring连接数据库的配置 spring: application: name: springcloud-provider-dept datasource: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource username: root password: zhc url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud01?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
-
写dao层
package com.zhang.dao; import com.zhang.pojo.Dept; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import java.util.List; @Mapper // 别忘记 @Repository public interface DeptDao { // 对表进行基础操作 Dept getByDno(Integer dno); int delectByDno(Integer dno); List<Dept> selectDept(); boolean insertDept(Dept dept); }
-
service,serviceimpl
//------------------------------service--------------------------------------// package com.zhang.service; import com.zhang.pojo.Dept; import java.util.List; public interface DeptSerivce { // 对表进行基础操作 Dept getByDno(Integer dno); int delectByDno(Integer dno); List<Dept> selectDept(); boolean insertDept(Dept dept); } //------------------------------------serviceimpl----------------------------------------// package com.zhang.service.ipml; import com.zhang.dao.DeptDao; import com.zhang.pojo.Dept; import com.zhang.service.DeptSerivce; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service public class DeptSerivceImpl implements DeptSerivce { @Autowired DeptDao deptDao; @Override public Dept getByDno(Integer dno) { return deptDao.getByDno(dno); } @Override public int delectByDno(Integer dno) { return 0; } @Override public List<Dept> selectDept() { return deptDao.selectDept(); } @Override public boolean insertDept(Dept dept) { return false; } }
-
controller层
package com.zhang.Controller; import com.zhang.pojo.Dept; import com.zhang.service.DeptSerivce; import com.zhang.service.ipml.DeptSerivceImpl; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.List; @RestController public class DeptController { @Autowired DeptSerivce deptSerivce; @RequestMapping("/add") public boolean addDept(Dept dept){ return deptSerivce.insertDept(dept); } @RequestMapping("/select") public List<Dept> selectDept(){ return deptSerivce.selectDept(); } }
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创建主运行文件,进行测试
package com.zhang; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class DeptProivder_8001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DeptProivder_8001.class,args); } }
3.创建消费者:
- 端口默认自己设置为80 - RestTemplate:提供多种便捷的远程访问http服务的方法,只需要知道远程url,就可以调用远程controller执行方法。
1.创建一个Maven工程,导入依赖(不需要数据库连接,只需要实体类依赖,web依赖)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <groupId>com.zhang</groupId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>springcloud-consumer-80</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.zhang</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud-pojo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
2.配置文件配置端口:server:port:80
3.配置文件:config,将RestTemplate放入bean
-
package com.zhang.config
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
4.controller层,进行远程服务调用
package com.zhang.controller;
import com.zhang.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
public class RestTemplateController {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
// 将请求地址头定义成常量
public static final String URL_PREFIX = "https://localhost:8080";
@RequestMapping("/consumer/select")
public List<Dept> getSelect(){
return restTemplate.getForObject(URL_PREFIX+"/select",List.class);
}
@RequestMapping("/consumer/add")
public boolean getAdd(Dept dept){
return restTemplate.postForObject(URL_PREFIX+"/add",dept,Boolean.class); //注意这里使用了post
}
}
5.启动类
package com.zhang;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringCloudConsumer80 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudConsumer80.class,args);
}
}
出现的问题:javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Unrecognized SSL message, plaintext connection?
解决:可能是https改成http就变好了。