Go语言错误处理和资源管理之错误处理

一、错误处理示例：

_, err := os.Open("c.txt")
if err != nil {
   if pathError, ok := err.(*os.PathError); ok{
      fmt.Println(pathError.Err)
   } else {
      fmt.Println("unknuown error", err)
   }
}

二、创建error示例：

err = errors.New("unknown error")

三、自定义error示例：

type myfError struct {
   message string
}

func (err *myfError) Error() string{
   return err.message
}

四、统一的错误处理逻辑
1.在业务处理函数中直接将错误返回，示例如下：

func HandleFileList(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) error{
   path := request.URL.Path[len("/list/"):]
   file, err := os.Open(path)
   if err != nil {
      return err
   }
   defer file.Close()

   all, err := ioutil.ReadAll(file)
   if err != nil {
      return err
   }

   writer.Write(all)

   return nil
}

2.在业务处理函数外层包装一层专门用来处理错误，示例如下：

type appHandler func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) error

func errWrapper(handler appHandler) func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
   return func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
      err := handler(writer, request)

      if err != nil {
         code := http.StatusOK
         switch {
         case os.IsNotExist(err):
            code = http.StatusNotFound
         case os.IsPermission(err):
            code = http.StatusForbidden
         default:
            code = http.StatusInternalServerError
         }
         http.Error(writer, http.StatusText(code), code)
      }
   }
}

func main() {
   http.HandleFunc("/list/", errWrapper(filelisting.HandleFileList))

   err := http.ListenAndServe(":8888", nil)
   if err != nil {
      panic(err)
   }
}