Comparator 示例

Comparator 示例

在这个例子中，我们将会向你展示如何使用java 8的lambda表达式去写一个Comparator，去对List进行排序

传统的Comparator示例

Comparator<Developer> byName = new Comparator<Developer>() {
        @Override
        public int compare(Developer o1, Developer o2) {
            return o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName());
        }
    };

等价的lambda表达式写法

Comparator<Developer> byName = 
        (Developer o1, Developer o2)->o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName());

没有Lambda表达式的排序

用Developer对象的年龄进行比较，通常情况下，你会使用Collections.sort，并传递一个匿名的Comparator

package com.mkyong.java8;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

public class TestSorting {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        List<Developer> listDevs = getDevelopers();

        System.out.println("Before Sort");
        for (Developer developer : listDevs) {
            System.out.println(developer);
        }
        
        //sort by age
        Collections.sort(listDevs, new Comparator<Developer>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(Developer o1, Developer o2) {
                return o1.getAge() - o2.getAge();
            }
        });
    
        System.out.println("After Sort");
        for (Developer developer : listDevs) {
            System.out.println(developer);
        }
        
    }

    private static List<Developer> getDevelopers() {

        List<Developer> result = new ArrayList<Developer>();

        result.add(new Developer("mkyong", new BigDecimal("70000"), 33));
        result.add(new Developer("alvin", new BigDecimal("80000"), 20));
        result.add(new Developer("jason", new BigDecimal("100000"), 10));
        result.add(new Developer("iris", new BigDecimal("170000"), 55));
        
        return result;

    }
    
}

输出

Before Sort
Developer [name=mkyong, salary=70000, age=33]
Developer [name=alvin, salary=80000, age=20]
Developer [name=jason, salary=100000, age=10]
Developer [name=iris, salary=170000, age=55]

After Sort
Developer [name=jason, salary=100000, age=10]
Developer [name=alvin, salary=80000, age=20]
Developer [name=mkyong, salary=70000, age=33]
Developer [name=iris, salary=170000, age=55]

当排序要求改变是，我们仅仅只需要替换另一个新的匿名Comparator类

//sort by age
    Collections.sort(listDevs, new Comparator<Developer>() {
        @Override
        public int compare(Developer o1, Developer o2) {
            return o1.getAge() - o2.getAge();
        }
    });
    
    //sort by name	
    Collections.sort(listDevs, new Comparator<Developer>() {
        @Override
        public int compare(Developer o1, Developer o2) {
            return o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName());
        }
    });
                
    //sort by salary
    Collections.sort(listDevs, new Comparator<Developer>() {
        @Override
        public int compare(Developer o1, Developer o2) {
            return o1.getSalary().compareTo(o2.getSalary());
        }
    });			

上述代码可以正常运行，但是仅仅因为要修改一行代码，然后就创建一个类，有点奇怪。

Lambda表达式排序

在Java 8中，List支持Sort方法，不在需要去使用Collections.sort。

  //List.sort() since Java 8
    listDevs.sort(new Comparator<Developer>() {
        @Override
        public int compare(Developer o1, Developer o2) {
            return o2.getAge() - o1.getAge();
        }
    });	

Lambda表达式示例

package com.mkyong.java8;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class TestSorting {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        List<Developer> listDevs = getDevelopers();
        
        System.out.println("Before Sort");
        for (Developer developer : listDevs) {
            System.out.println(developer);
        }
        
        System.out.println("After Sort");
        
        //lambda here!
        listDevs.sort((Developer o1, Developer o2)->o1.getAge()-o2.getAge());
    
        //java 8 only, lambda also, to print the List
        listDevs.forEach((developer)->System.out.println(developer));
    }

    private static List<Developer> getDevelopers() {

        List<Developer> result = new ArrayList<Developer>();

        result.add(new Developer("mkyong", new BigDecimal("70000"), 33));
        result.add(new Developer("alvin", new BigDecimal("80000"), 20));
        result.add(new Developer("jason", new BigDecimal("100000"), 10));
        result.add(new Developer("iris", new BigDecimal("170000"), 55));
        
        return result;

    }
    
}

输出

Before Sort
Developer [name=mkyong, salary=70000, age=33]
Developer [name=alvin, salary=80000, age=20]
Developer [name=jason, salary=100000, age=10]
Developer [name=iris, salary=170000, age=55]

After Sort
Developer [name=jason, salary=100000, age=10]
Developer [name=alvin, salary=80000, age=20]
Developer [name=mkyong, salary=70000, age=33]
Developer [name=iris, salary=170000, age=55]

更多Lambda表达式的示例

通过年龄排序

//sort by age
    Collections.sort(listDevs, new Comparator<Developer>() {
        @Override
        public int compare(Developer o1, Developer o2) {
            return o1.getAge() - o2.getAge();
        }
    });
    
    //lambda
    listDevs.sort((Developer o1, Developer o2)->o1.getAge()-o2.getAge());
    
    //lambda, valid, parameter type is optional
    listDevs.sort((o1, o2)->o1.getAge()-o2.getAge());

通过名称排序

//sort by name
    Collections.sort(listDevs, new Comparator<Developer>() {
        @Override
        public int compare(Developer o1, Developer o2) {
            return o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName());
        }
    });
        
    //lambda
    listDevs.sort((Developer o1, Developer o2)->o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName()));		
    
    //lambda
    listDevs.sort((o1, o2)->o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName()));	

通过薪水排序

//sort by salary
    Collections.sort(listDevs, new Comparator<Developer>() {
        @Override
        public int compare(Developer o1, Developer o2) {
            return o1.getSalary().compareTo(o2.getSalary());
        }
    });				

    //lambda
    listDevs.sort((Developer o1, Developer o2)->o1.getSalary().compareTo(o2.getSalary()));
    
    //lambda
    listDevs.sort((o1, o2)->o1.getSalary().compareTo(o2.getSalary()));

lambda表达式，使用薪水给List排序

Comparator<Developer> salaryComparator = (o1, o2)->o1.getSalary().compareTo(o2.getSalary());
    listDevs.sort(salaryComparator);

输出

Developer [name=mkyong, salary=70000, age=33]
Developer [name=alvin, salary=80000, age=20]
Developer [name=jason, salary=100000, age=10]
Developer [name=iris, salary=170000, age=55]

Lmabda表达式，使用薪水，倒排List

Comparator<Developer> salaryComparator = (o1, o2)->o1.getSalary().compareTo(o2.getSalary());
    listDevs.sort(salaryComparator.reversed());

输出

Developer [name=iris, salary=170000, age=55]
Developer [name=jason, salary=100000, age=10]
Developer [name=alvin, salary=80000, age=20]
Developer [name=mkyong, salary=70000, age=33]