org.springframework.jdbc.core.PreparedStatementSetter
接口充当JdbcTemplate
类使用的一般回调接口。该接口在JdbcTemplate
类提供的PreparedStatement
上设置了使用相同SQL的批处理中的每个更新的值。实现负责设置必要的参数。已经提供带有占位符的SQL,使用此接口比PreparedStatementCreator
更容易:JdbcTemplate
将创建PreparedStatement
,回调仅负责设置参数值。
接口的声明
以下是org.springframework.jdbc.core.PreparedStatementSetter
接口的声明 -
public interface PreparedStatementSetter {
void setValues(PreparedStatement var1) throws SQLException;
}
用法
步骤1 - 使用配置的数据源创建一个JdbcTemplate
对象。
步骤2 - 使用JdbcTemplate
对象方法进行数据库操作,同时传递PreparedStatementSetter
对象来替换查询中的占位符。
以下示例将演示如何使用JdbcTemplate
类和PreparedStatementSetter
接口进行读取查询。这里我们将从student
表中读取记录。
public Student getStudent(final Integer id) {
String sql = "select * from Student where id = ?";
List<Student> students = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new PreparedStatementSetter() {
public void setValues(PreparedStatement preparedStatement) throws SQLException {
preparedStatement.setInt(1,id);
}
},new StudentMapper());
return students.get(0);
}
在上面示例(语法)代码中 -
- SQL - 选择查询语句来来读取学生记录信息。
- jdbcTemplateObject -
StudentJDBCTemplate
对象从数据库中读取Student
对象。 - PreparedStatementSetter -
PreparedStatementSetter
对象在查询中设置参数。 - StudentMapper -
StudentMapper
是一个RowMapper对象,用于将每个获取的记录映射到学生对象。
实例项目
要了解上述与Spring JDBC相关的概念,下面我们编写一个select查询语句的示例。按照以下步骤创建一个Spring应用程序,这里创建一个名称为:PreparedStatementSetter 的项目。
完整的项目结构如下所示 -
以下是Maven配置文件:pom.xml的代码内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ray</groupId>
<artifactId>PreparedStatementSetter</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.45</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
以下是数据访问对象接口文件:StudentDAO.java的内容:
/**
* @author Ray
* @create 2018-03-09 21:11
**/
public interface StudentDAO {
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource);
public List<Student> listStudents();
public Student getStudent(Integer id);
public void create(String name,Integer age);
}
以下是文件:
Student.java
的代码内容:
/**
* @author Ray
* @create 2018-03-09 21:13
**/
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
以下是文件:StudentMapper.java的代码内容:
/**
* @author Ray
* @create 2018-03-09 21:14
**/
public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper{
public Student mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
student.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
student.setAge(resultSet.getInt("age"));
return student;
}
}
实现类StudentJDBCTemplate.java
实现了定义的DAO接口 - StudentDAO.java
,以下是文件:StudentJDBCTemplate.java的代码内容:
/**
* @author Ray
* @create 2018-03-09 21:15
**/
public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
private DataSource dataSource;
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
public List<Student> listStudents() {
String sql = "select * from Student";
List<Student> students = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new StudentMapper());
return students;
}
public Student getStudent(final Integer id) {
String sql = "select * from Student where id = ?";
List<Student> students = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new PreparedStatementSetter() {
public void setValues(PreparedStatement preparedStatement) throws SQLException {
preparedStatement.setInt(1,id);
}
},new StudentMapper());
return students.get(0);
}
public void create(String name, Integer age) {
String sql = "insert into Student (name,age) values (?,?)";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,name,age);
System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);
return;
}
}
以下是文件:MainApp.java的代码内容:
/**
* @author Ray
* @create 2018-03-09 21:45
**/
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-beans.xml");
StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate) context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");
System.out.println("------Records Creation--------");
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Maxsu",21);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Curry",22);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Suzend",23);
System.out.println("------Get Student Info by ID=1 --------");
Student student = studentJDBCTemplate.getStudent(1);
System.out.print("ID : " + student.getId());
System.out.println(", Age :" + student.getAge());
System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------");
List<Student> studentList = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
for (Student record: studentList
) {
System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId());
System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName());
System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
}
}
}
以下是文件:application-beans.xml的代码内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</bean>
<bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" class="com.ray.StudentJDBCTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
</beans>
注意: application-beans.xml 文件的位置是:{workspace}/fistapp/src/main/java 目录,如果放置错了,程序可能会因为找不到此配置文件而出错。
完成创建源代码和bean和数据库连接信息的文件配置后,运行应用程序。这里先简单说明一下运行的步骤,在项目名称(PreparedStatementSetter)上点击右键,在弹出的菜单中选择:【Run As】-> 【Maven test】
在运行测试成功后,应该会输出类似以下内容(含有 BUILD SUCCESS 的信息) 。
接下来,点击类文件:MainApp.java 选择【Run As】->【Java Application】,如果应用程序一切正常,这将打印以下结果:
------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Maxsu Age = 21
Created Record Name = Curry Age = 22
Created Record Name = Suzend Age = 23
------Get Student Info by ID=1 --------
ID : 1, Age : 21
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1, Name : Maxsu, Age : 21
ID : 2, Name : Curry, Age : 22
ID : 3, Name : Suzend, Age : 23