类方法、静态方法、属性

类方法：

@classmethod

添加classmethod的方法，即类方法，无法访问实例中的变量。
例：

class Animal(object):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
    @classmethod
    def talk(self):
        print('%s is talking...' % self.name)

d = Animal('Ivien')
d.talk()

# Traceback (most recent call last):
#   File "D:/python/oldboy/DAY07/CPRAC.py", line 11, in <module>
#     d.talk()
#   File "D:/python/oldboy/DAY07/CPRAC.py", line 7, in talk
#     print('%s is talking...' % self.name)
# AttributeError: type object 'Animal' has no attribute 'name'
#
# Process finished with exit code 1

静态方法

@staticmethod

添加了@staticmethod的方法为静态方法，既无法访问类变量也无法访问实例变量。
例：

class Animal(object):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
    @staticmethod
    def walk(self):
        print('%s is walking ...' % self.name)

d = Animal('Ivien')
d.walk()

# Traceback (most recent call last):
#   File "D:/python/oldboy/DAY07/CPRAC.py", line 9, in <module>
#     d.walk()
# TypeError: walk() missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'

属性

    @property

将方法转换为属性
例：

class Animal(object):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    animal_number = 9

    @property
    def count(self):
        print('There are %s ' % Animal.animal_number)

    @count.setter
    def count(self, ani_num):
        Animal.animal_number = ani_num
        print('ani_num :', Animal.animal_number)

    @count.deleter
    def count(self):
        del Animal.animal_number
        print('animal_number deleted')


d = Animal('Ivien')
d.count
d.count = 3
d.count

del d.count
# There are 9
# ani_num : 3
# There are 3
# animal_number deleted
print(d.count)

# Traceback (most recent call last):
#   File "D:/python/oldboy/DAY07/CPRAC.py", line 28, in <module>
#     print(d.count)
#   File "D:/python/oldboy/DAY07/CPRAC.py", line 9, in count
#     print('There are %s ' % Animal.animal_number)
# AttributeError: type object 'Animal' has no attribute 'animal_number'