SpringMVC处理异常

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-23 00:26:20 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-12-23 00:26:20 发布

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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签： spring mvc 异常异常处理

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SpringMVC处理异常

@(SpringMVC)[springmvc, 异常]

SpringMVC处理异常
- SpringMVC单异常处理
- springMvc架构级别异常处理
  - 案例

SpringMVC单异常处理

SpitterController2

package spittr.web;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import spittr.Spittle;
import spittr.data.SpitterRepository;

// 使用RestController，相当于在每个方法上加上了@ResponseBody
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/spitter2")
public class SpitterController2 {

    private SpitterRepository spitterRepository;

    @Autowired
    public SpitterController2(SpitterRepository spitterRepository) {
        this.spitterRepository = spitterRepository;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Spittle spittleById(@PathVariable long id) {
        Spittle spittle = spitterRepository.findOne(id);
        if (spittle == null) {
            throw new SpittleNotFoundException(id);
        }
        return spittle;
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(SpittleNotFoundException.class)
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
    public MyError spittleNotFound(SpittleNotFoundException e) {
        long spittleId = e.getSpittleId();
        return new MyError(4, "Spittle[" + spittleId + "] not found");
    }

}

SpittleNotFoundException

package spittr.web;

/**
 * Created by Switch on 2017/1/14.
 */
public class SpittleNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {
    private long spittleId;

    public SpittleNotFoundException(long spittleId) {
        this.spittleId = spittleId;
    }

    public long getSpittleId() {
        return spittleId;
    }
}

MyError

package spittr.web;

/**
 * Created by Switch on 2017/1/14.
 */
public class MyError {
    private int code;
    private String message;

    public MyError(int code, String message) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
    }

    public int getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }
}

springMvc架构级别异常处理

系统中异常包括两类：预期异常和运行时异常RuntimeException，前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息，后者主要通过规范代码开发、测试通过手段减少运行时异常的发生。
系统的dao、service、controller 出现都通过throws Exception 向上抛出，最后由springmvc
前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理，如下图：
SpringMVC异常处理

案例

自定义异常类

package com.pc.ssm.exception;

/**
 * 自定义异常
 * 
 * @author Switch
 * @data 2017年1月13日
 * @version V1.0
 */
public class CustomException extends Exception {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -665787561868437767L;
    // 异常消息
    private String message;

    public CustomException() {

    }

    public CustomException(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }


    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }
}

自定义全局异常处理器

package com.pc.ssm.exception;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/**
 * 自定义全局异常处理器
 * 
 * @author Switch
 * @data 2017年1月13日
 * @version V1.0
 */
public class CustomGlobalExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {

    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();

        String msg = "";

        if (ex instanceof CustomException) {
            msg = ((CustomException) ex).getMessage();
        } else {
            msg = "系统繁忙，请稍后再试，或与管理员取得联系！";
        }
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        // 添加错误信息
        modelAndView.addObject("error", msg);
        modelAndView.setViewName("error");
        return modelAndView;
    }

}

错误页面`error.jsp`

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>系统通知</title>

    </head>
    <body> 
        <h2>${error}</h2>
    </body>
</html>

在SpringMVC配置文件中配置

    <!-- 配置异常处理器 -->
    <bean id="handlerExceptionResolver" class="com.pc.ssm.exception.CustomGlobalExceptionResolver"/>

创建异常

    @RequestMapping("/showEdit")
    public String showEdit(@RequestParam(value = "id") String id, Model model) throws Exception {
        User user = userService.findById(Integer.parseInt(id));
        // 创造个异常
        if(user == null) {
            throw new CustomException("用户不存在！");
        } else if(user.getId() == 1) {
            int i = 1 / 0;
        }
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "edit";
    }

测试

访问：http://localhost:8080/SpringMVCAdvanced/user/showEdit.action?id=1，出现“系统繁忙，请稍后再试，或与管理员取得联系！”。
访问：http://localhost:8080/SpringMVCAdvanced/user/showEdit.action?id=2，正常访问。
访问：http://localhost:8080/SpringMVCAdvanced/user/showEdit.action?id=1000023，出现“用户不存在！”。