一.nginx安装配置
安装包下载:
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/16sCOpQfS4Px6Bl0XL2gY8Q
提取码:r18k
- 确认环境
(1)gcc、gcc-c++安装
查看系统是否安装了gcc和gcc-c++:rpm -q gcc rpm -q gcc-c++ rpm -q make
如果未安装如下
需要安装挂载yum安装如下安装方式:
yum install gcc-c++
无网络安装本地yum
- redhat本地yum云安装方法
- 上传系统对应版本的ios文件到系统到 /root根目录下
- 创建文件夹:/media/cdrom/
mkdir /media/cdrom/ - 修改yum配置文件(文件位置:/etc/yum.repos.d)
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mkdir bak
mv . bak/
cd bak/
cp rhel-source.repo …/
cd …/
vi rhel-source.repo
(file:///media/cdrom)
mount -t iso9660 -o loop /root/rhel-server-6.8-x86_64-dvd.iso /media/cdrom/
验证: yum list
- centos本地yum云安装方法
1上传系统对应版本的ios文件到系统到 /root根目录下
2创建文件夹:/media/cdrom/
mkdir /media/cdrom/
3.修改yum配置文件(文件位置:/etc/yum.repos.d)
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mkdir bak
mv . bak/
cd bak/
mv CentOS-Media.repo …/
cd …/
vi CentOS-Media.repo
- [root@localhost /]# yum list #装挂载(/root/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso系统上传文件的路径)
mount -t iso9660 -o loop /root/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso /media/cdrom/
提示:mount: 写保护,将以只读方式挂载
- 查看挂着是否成功:如下成功(/dev/loop0)df -h
3)如果没有 gcc 环境,则需要安装
yum install gcc-c++
- Ngnix安装
(1)上传部署包到安装(/apps 文件夹下没有文件夹创建)
mkdir /apps/
解压四个 tar 包:ls | xargs -i tar -xf {}
删除已解压的安装包:rm -rf *.tar.gz
(2) Ngnix配置
cd /apps/nginx-1.14.1
自定义配置:方式1
./configure
–sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx
–conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf
–pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid
–with-http_ssl_module
–with-http_v2_module
–with-http_stub_status_module
–with-pcre=/apps/pcre-8.42
–with-zlib=/apps/zlib-1.2.11
–with-openssl=/apps/openssl-1.1.1a
注意:也就是部署包的路径
–with-pcre=/apps/pcre-8.42指的是pcre-8.34 的源码路径
自定义配置:方式2
./configure
–sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx
–conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf
–pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid
–with-http_ssl_module
–with-http_v2_module
–with-http_realip_module
–with-http_stub_status_module
–with-pcre=/apps/pcre-8.42
–with-zlib=/apps/zlib-1.2.11
–with-openssl=/apps/openssl-1.1.1a
方式3:支持mysql负载均衡:–with-stream
./configure
–sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx
–conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf
–pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid
–with-http_ssl_module
–with-http_v2_module
–with-http_realip_module
–with-stream
–with-http_stub_status_module
–with-pcre=/apps/pcre-8.42
–with-zlib=/apps/zlib-1.2.11
–with-openssl=/apps/openssl-1.1.1a
(3) 编译安装
cd /apps/nginx-1.14.1
编译:make
安装:make install
查找安装路径:
whereis nginx
注意:configure: error: Invalid C++ compiler or C++ compiler flags错误
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
(4)启动、停止nginx
确保系统的 80 端口没被其他程序占用:
netstat -lnp |grep 80 或者netstat -ano|grep 80
/usr/local/nginx/nginx 启动
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s stop
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s quit
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload
或者
cd /usr/local/nginx
./nginx
./nginx -s stop
./nginx -s quit
./nginx -s reload
./nginx -s quit:此方式停止步骤是待nginx进程处理任务完毕进行停止。
./nginx -s stop:此方式相当于先查出nginx进程id再使用kill命令强制杀掉进程。
查询nginx进程:
ps aux|grep nginx
注意:
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s quit
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s stop
命令报错:如下
原因如下:
- ngnix没启动
- 其他解决方式
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf
(5) 重启 nginx
1.先停止再启动(推荐):
对 nginx 进行重启相当于先停止再启动,即先执行停止命令再执行启动命令。如下:
cd /usr/local/nginx
./nginx -s quit
./nginx
或者:/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s quit
2.重新加载配置文件:
当 ngin x的配置文件 nginx.conf 修改后,要想让配置生效需要重启 nginx,使用-s reload不用先停止 ngin x再启动 nginx 即可将配置信息在 nginx 中生效,如下:
cd /usr/local/nginx
./nginx -s reload
或者:/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload
启动成功后,在浏览器可以看到这样的页面:
或者:/usr/local/nginx/nginx –t
注意:
如果访问不了停止防火墙
二、ngnix web配置
192.168.153.166服务器:
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
client_max_body_size 50M;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
upstream 192.168.153.166{
server 192.168.153.165:18081 weight=1;
server 192.168.153.166:18081 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 18088;
server_name 192.168.153.166;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
#root html;
#index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://192.168.153.166;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-real-ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
192.168.153.165服务器:
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
client_max_body_size 50M;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
upstream 192.168.153.165{
server 192.168.153.165:18081 weight=1;
server 192.168.153.166:18081 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 18088;
server_name 192.168.153.166;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
#root html;
#index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://192.168.153.165;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-real-ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
三、keepalived安装
keepalived两个功能,一个是使lvs使用的vip高可用,一个是监控下游各个子节点的对应端口是否正常工作,以保证快速剔除坏掉的节点。
1.1下载
https://www.keepalived.org/download.html
或者下面连接下载:
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ONAXBVxoOKdsM8HIJp2Spg
提取码:b3k7
1.2 keepalived安装—Lunix
- 安装依赖
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel
2.创建文件夹并上传到apps路径下
mkdir /apps
mkdir -p /etc/keepalived
3.解压缩
tar -zvxf keepalived-2.0.16.tar.gz - 进入解压后的目录中,执行以下命令:
cd keepalived-2.0.16/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived && make && make install
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
cp keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/keepalived
、编辑keepalived.service
vim /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
将所有的字符串 “/usr/local/keepalived” 替换为空白,vi编辑器命令:%s//usr/local/keepalived//g
1.3centos7对keepalived操作的基本命令
#查找keepalived 命令
find / -name keepalived
#设置开机自动启动
systemctl enable keepalived
#重新加载
systemctl daemon-reload
#取消开机自动启动
systemctl disable keepalived
#启动
systemctl start keepalived
#停止
systemctl stop keepalived
pkill keepalived
#重启
systemctl restart keepalived
#查看状态及进程
systemctl status keepalived
ps -ef|grep keepalived
#修改配置文件
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#查看日志
tail -f /var/log/messages
四、keepalived 配置
192.168.153.165服务器:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
#smtp_server 192.168.200.1
#smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id MYSQL_HA #标识,双主相同
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
interval 2 #检测时间间隔
weight -5 #如果条件成立,权重-5
fall 3
rise 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP //这里 和master不一样的名字
interface ens33 //网卡和当前机器一致,否则无法启动keepalived服务
virtual_router_id 51 //和主机器 保持一致
priority 100 //权重,要比主机器小的数值
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress { //vip
192.168.153.188/24 brd 192.168.153.255 dev ens33 label ens33:vip
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
}
192.168.153.166服务器:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
#smtp_server 192.168.200.1
#smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id MYSQL_HA #标识,双主相同
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
interval 2
weight -5
fall 3
rise 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP //这里 和master不一样的名字
interface ens33 //网卡和当前机器一致,否则无法启动keepalived服务
virtual_router_id 51 //和主机器 保持一致
priority 90 //权重,要比主机器小的数值
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.153.188/24 brd 192.168.153.255 dev ens33 label ens33:vip
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
}
五、编写 Nginx 状态检测脚本
#!/bin/bash
d=`date --date today +%Y%m%d_%H:%M:%S`
#计算nginx进程数量
n=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l`
#如果进程为0,则启动nginx,并且再次检测nginx进程数量,
#如果还为0,说明nginx无法启动,此时需要关闭keepalived
if [ $n -eq "0" ]; then
cd /usr/local/nginx/ #ngnix 安装路径
/usr/local/nginx/nginx #ngnix启动脚本
n2=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l`
if [ $n2 -eq "0" ]; then
echo "$d nginx down,keepalived will stop" >> /var/log/check_ng.log
systemctl stop keepalived
fi
fi