安装或者更新CocoaPods时候报错：
ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
You don't have write permissions for the /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0 directory.
1.删除CocoaPods;
2.用命令which -a ruby，查看只有一个系统自带的ruby目录。
chunxiao@bogon ios % which -a ruby
/usr/bin/ruby
3.使用命令brew install ruby安装一个最新版本的ruby
Running `brew update --auto-update`...
Error: Failed to download https://formulae.brew.sh/api/cask.jws.json!
==> Homebrew collects anonymous analytics.
Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics
No analytics have been recorded yet (nor will be during this `brew` run).
==> homebrew/core is old and unneeded, untapping to save space.
Untapping homebrew/core...
Untapped 3 commands and 6649 formulae (7,084 files, 481.3MB).
==> Downloading https://formulae.brew.sh/api/cask.jws.json
######################################################## 100.0%
==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
Updated 3 taps (dart-lang/dart, homebrew/core and homebrew/cask).
==> New Formulae
abi3audit onionprobe
action-validator opentofu
adb-enhanced orbiton
aerleon orbuculum
ain orcania
alass orogene
ali osctrl-cli
amass oslo
ansible@8 pan
apify-cli patat
apkleaks patch-package
apprise pciutils
appstream pdfalyzer
arm-none-eabi-binutils perl-xml-parser
arm-none-eabi-gcc pgrok
arm-none-eabi-gdb php@8.2
asitop phylum-cli
asn pixi
asnmap plog
auditwheel pmix
authz0 pop
awscli-local postgresql@16
bacon powerlevel10k
badkeys presenterm
bandicoot prettierd
bao proxify
bashunit proxygen
bazel-diff pter
bazel-remote pwned
bbot pylyzer
bfs pypy3.10
bilix pypy3.9
biodiff pyspelling
biome pystring
bkcrack python-abseil
blades python-anytree
blake3 python-argcomplete
blink python-asn1crypto
bob python-attrs
bomber python-boto3
botan@2 python-botocore
bounceback python-brotli
bozohttpd python-cachetools
build2 python-certifi
caracal python-chardet
cargo-all-features python-charset-normalizer
cargo-auditable python-cli-helpers
cargo-binstall python-click
cargo-binutils python-colorama
cargo-deps python-configargparse
cargo-docset python-configobj
cariddi python-cryptography
cbonsai python-cycler
cdi python-dateutil
cdxgen python-dicttoxml
certgraph python-distlib
certsync python-distro
cf2tf python-docopt
cfripper python-filelock
chainloop-cli python-flit-core
chainsaw python-gdbm@3.12
changie python-hatch-fancy-pypi-readme
chaoskube python-hatch-vcs
checkdmarc python-hatchling
cherrybomb python-idna
cidr python-jinja
cliam python-jmespath
cloud-sql-proxy python-json5
cloudfox python-kiwisolver
cloudlist python-lxml
cloudsplaining python-magic
codelimit python-mako
coder python-markdown-it-py
colmap python-markupsafe
couchbase-shell python-matplotlib
counts python-mdurl
cppinsights python-mpmath
crabz python-msgpack
crunchy-cli python-mutagen
cryptopp python-networkx
crystalline python-oauthlib
csprecon python-openapi3
ctpv python-packaging
cyclonedx-gomod python-pathspec
cyclonedx-python python-pbr
cycode python-platformdirs
czkawka python-pluggy
daktilo python-ply
dart-lang/dart/dart@2.19 python-prompt-toolkit
dart-lang/dart/dart@3.0 python-psutil
dcp python-pycurl
der-ascii python-pyparsing
dezoomify-rs python-pyproject-hooks
dicebear python-pytz
diffoci python-regex
dnsrobocert python-requests
dockerfile-language-server python-requests-oauthlib
dockly python-rich
dolphie python-s3transfer
doppler python-setuptools
dovi_tool python-setuptools-scm
driftwood python-sympy
dysk python-termcolor
eatmemory python-tk@3.12
ebook2cw python-toml
erg python-trove-classifiers
erlang@25 python-urllib3
espflash python-wcwidth
eza python-websocket-client
faircamp python-xlsxwriter
falco python@3.12
falcoctl qalculate-qt
favirecon qbittorrent-cli
feishu2md quictls
flyscrape rapidfuzz-cpp
frozen raven
fuc rdap
fw recoverpy
fwupd redwax-tool
gdrive@2 reflex
geoip2fast regclient
ggshield rekor-cli
ghc@9.4 retry
ghc@9.6 richgo
gickup rio
gismo riscv64-elf-binutils
git-mediate riscv64-elf-gcc
gitea riscv64-elf-gdb
gitsign risor
gittuf roadrunner
go@1.20 rpmspectool
goread ruff-lsp
goresym ruler
gossip runme
gotestwaf s3scanner
gotpm saf-cli
govulncheck sbom-tool
gptline scarb
graphqlviz scikit-image
haiti scilla
helidon scoutsuite
hex scrapy
hoverfly sh4d0wup
hyfetch shell2http
img2pdf shellspec
imgdiet shuffledns
imgdiff sickchill
immer sigma-cli
incus signmykey
instaloader sigstore
intercept skate
invoice sloth
iocextract smlfmt
ittapi snakeviz
jprq snyk-cli
jr solo2-cli
json2ts solr@8.11
jupyter-r spacer
karmadactl spglib
katana spicetify-cli
kew spidermonkey@91
killport sqlfmt
kor sqlpage
kosli-cli sqlsmith
lager squealer
ldeep squiid
ldid-procursus ssh-mitm
legitify sshportal
libconfini strip-nondeterminism
libcyaml surelog
libdicom tailspin
libdivsufsort tailwindcss
libdpp talhelper
libgit2@1.6 telegram-downloader
libimobiledevice-glue terraform-graph-beautifier
libjcat terraform-local
libjuice terragrunt-atlantis-config
libmapper texttest
libnghttp3 tf-profile
libpanel three-body
libsail tlrc
libshumate toxiproxy
libversion tpm
libxmlb trafilatura
llm trufflehog
llvm@16 trzsz-ssh
lr tzdiff
lune udp2raw-multiplatform
lxi-tools uffizzi
mailpit uhdm
mariadb@11.0 uncover
mariadb@11.1 urlfinder
massdriver uvicorn
mediamtx vet
medusa virtctl
memray vulkan-utility-libraries
mentat vulsio-gost
meson-python vunnel
mfem web-ext
mgis webpod
minder wget2
mjml whisper-cpp
modsecurity witness
modsurfer woodpecker-cli
mtbl woof-doom
mvfst wormhole-william
mvt wpscan
mysql-client@8.0 wtfis
mysql@8.0 xe
neonctl xeol
netlistsvg xlsxio
node@20 xnvme
noir yazi
notation yder
ntbtls yyjson
numbat zchunk
nvimpager zix
ollama zug
==> New Casks
4k-video-downloaderplus low-profile
affine luniistore
aifun maa
akuity macgpt
amie mdb-accdb-viewer
apidog mediamate
applite meld-studio
ava metamer
batchoutput-pdf mindmac
batteryboi mitmproxy
bepo modrinth
bezel monotype
brickstore music-decoy
browser-deputy mutedeck
btp muyu
chainner mycard
chatall nvs
cilicon ok-json
clibor orka3
clickhouse ovito
clinq ovito-pro
clop paulxstretch
cloudnet picoscope
codewhisperer pieces
commandpost pieces-os
crystalfetch piphero
deskpad playdate-mirror
deveco-studio poe
devtunnel proton-drive
dockx proxy-audio-device
douyin-chat recipeui
drata-agent replay
draw-things reqable
dropbox-dash rippling
dropshelf ripx
ecodms-client rode-central
effect-house routine
elektron-overbridge rustrover
elektron-transfer score
energiza screen-studio
ente sf
expo-orbit sfm
fedistar shattered-pixel-dungeon
finbar showmeyourhotkeys
flexoptix simple-web-server
floorp simplex
font-finagler songkong
fossa space-capsule
free-podcast-transcription spacedrive
git-credential-manager sparkplate
glaze spundle
greenery stash
gstreamer-development telegram-a
gstreamer-runtime ths
herd timemachinestatus
hhkb to-audio-converter
hides tunetag
hoppscotch twelite-stage
hovrly updf
hp-easy-admin viso
hypercal voicepeak
iem-plugin-suite wetype
jazz2-resurrection whisky
json-viewer wiso-steuer-2022
jukebox wiso-steuer-2023
keyclu writerside
keymapp xiaomi-cloud
kreya xliff-editor
kuaitie xsplit-vcam
libndi zspace
lm-studio zui
You have 5 outdated formulae installed.
==> Fetching dependencies for ruby: ca-certificates, openssl@3 and readline
==> Fetching ca-certificates
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-b
######################################################## 100.0%
==> Fetching openssl@3
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-b
######################################################## 100.0%
==> Fetching readline
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-b
######################################################## 100.0%
==> Fetching ruby
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-b
######################################################## 100.0%
==> Installing dependencies for ruby: ca-certificates, openssl@3 and readline
==> Installing ruby dependency: ca-certificates
==> Pouring ca-certificates-2023-08-22.all.bottle.1.tar.gz
==> Regenerating CA certificate bundle from keychain, this may
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/ca-certificates/2023-08-22: 3 files, 221.5KB
==> Installing ruby dependency: openssl@3
==> Pouring openssl@3-3.2.0.ventura.bottle.tar.gz
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/openssl@3/3.2.0: 6,805 files, 32.4MB
==> Installing ruby dependency: readline
==> Pouring readline-8.2.7.ventura.bottle.tar.gz
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/readline/8.2.7: 50 files, 1.7MB
==> Installing ruby
==> Pouring ruby-3.2.2_1.ventura.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
ruby is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS already provides this software and installing another version in
parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.
If you need to have ruby first in your PATH, run:
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
For compilers to find ruby you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/ruby/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/ruby/include"
==> Summary
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/3.2.2_1: 16,605 files, 46.2MB
==> Running `brew cleanup ruby`...
Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
==> Upgrading 1 dependent of upgraded formulae:
Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALLED_DEPENDENTS_CHECK.
Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
fastlane 2.213.0 -> 2.217.0
==> Fetching fastlane
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-b
######################################################## 100.0%
==> Upgrading fastlane
2.213.0 -> 2.217.0
==> Pouring fastlane-2.217.0.ventura.bottle.1.tar.gz
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/fastlane/2.217.0: 3,902 files, 42.1MB
==> Running `brew cleanup fastlane`...
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/fastlane/2.213.0... (3,981 files, 45.4MB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/fastlane--2.213.0.ventura.bottle.tar.gz... (13MB)
==> Checking for dependents of upgraded formulae...
==> No broken dependents found!
==> `brew cleanup` has not been run in the last 30 days, runnin
Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ca-certificates/2023-01-10... (3 files, 216.8KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/ca-certificates/2023-05-30... (3 files, 216.1KB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/ca-certificates--2023-01-10.all.bottle.tar.gz... (122.6KB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/ca-certificates--2023-05-30.ventura.bottle.tar.gz... (122.1KB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/dart--3.0.5.zip... (203.6MB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/libyaml--0.2.5.ventura.bottle.tar.gz... (106.3KB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/openssl@3/3.1.0... (6,494 files, 29.9MB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/openssl@3--3.1.0.ventura.bottle.tar.gz... (7.9MB)
Removing: /usr/local/Cellar/readline/8.2.1... (50 files, 1.7MB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/readline--8.2.1.ventura.bottle.tar.gz... (547KB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/ruby@3.1--3.1.4.ventura.bottle.tar.gz... (11.9MB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/terminal-notifier--2.0.0.ventura.bottle.tar.gz... (369.7KB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Caches/Homebrew/Cask/fastclicker--1.1.zip... (970KB)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Logs/Homebrew/terminal-notifier... (64B)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Logs/Homebrew/dart... (115B)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Logs/Homebrew/libyaml... (64B)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Logs/Homebrew/readline... (64B)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Logs/Homebrew/openssl@3... (64B)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Logs/Homebrew/ca-certificates... (64B)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Logs/Homebrew/fastlane... (64B)
Removing: /Users/chunxiao/Library/Logs/Homebrew/ruby@3.1... (64B)
Pruned 0 symbolic links and 8 directories from /usr/local
==> Caveats
==> ruby
ruby is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS already provides this software and installing another version in
parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.
If you need to have ruby first in your PATH, run:
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
For compilers to find ruby you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/ruby/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/ruby/include"
4.安装完后检查系统目录
chunxiao@bogon ios % which -a ruby
/usr/bin/ruby
5.把新版本加到环境变量中
chunxiao@bogon ios % echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
chunxiao@bogon ios % source ~/.zshrc
6.再次检查系统目录，发现已经有两个了
chunxiao@bogon ios % which -a ruby
/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin/ruby
/usr/bin/ruby
7.安装CocoaPods
sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods
Fetching claide-1.1.0.gem
Fetching xcodeproj-1.23.0.gem
Fetching atomos-0.1.3.gem
Fetching colored2-3.1.2.gem
Fetching ruby-macho-2.5.1.gem
Fetching nanaimo-0.3.0.gem
Fetching CFPropertyList-3.0.6.gem
Fetching rexml-3.2.6.gem
Fetching nap-1.1.0.gem
Fetching molinillo-0.8.0.gem
Fetching gh_inspector-1.1.3.gem
Fetching fourflusher-2.3.1.gem
Fetching escape-0.0.4.gem
Fetching cocoapods-try-1.2.0.gem
Fetching netrc-0.11.0.gem
Fetching cocoapods-trunk-1.6.0.gem
Fetching cocoapods-search-1.0.1.gem
Fetching cocoapods-plugins-1.0.0.gem
Fetching cocoapods-downloader-2.1.gem
Fetching cocoapods-deintegrate-1.0.5.gem
Fetching ffi-1.16.3.gem
Fetching ethon-0.16.0.gem
Fetching typhoeus-1.4.1.gem
Fetching public_suffix-4.0.7.gem
Fetching fuzzy_match-2.0.4.gem
Fetching concurrent-ruby-1.2.2.gem
Fetching httpclient-2.8.3.gem
Fetching algoliasearch-1.27.5.gem
Fetching addressable-2.8.5.gem
Fetching tzinfo-2.0.6.gem
Fetching i18n-1.14.1.gem
Fetching cocoapods-core-1.14.3.gem
Fetching cocoapods-1.14.3.gem
Fetching connection_pool-2.4.1.gem
Fetching activesupport-7.1.2.gem
Successfully installed rexml-3.2.6
Successfully installed nanaimo-0.3.0
Successfully installed colored2-3.1.2
Successfully installed claide-1.1.0
Successfully installed CFPropertyList-3.0.6
Successfully installed atomos-0.1.3
Successfully installed xcodeproj-1.23.0
Successfully installed ruby-macho-2.5.1
Successfully installed nap-1.1.0
Successfully installed molinillo-0.8.0
Successfully installed gh_inspector-1.1.3
Successfully installed fourflusher-2.3.1
Successfully installed escape-0.0.4
Successfully installed cocoapods-try-1.2.0
Successfully installed netrc-0.11.0
Successfully installed cocoapods-trunk-1.6.0
Successfully installed cocoapods-search-1.0.1
Successfully installed cocoapods-plugins-1.0.0
Successfully installed cocoapods-downloader-2.1
Successfully installed cocoapods-deintegrate-1.0.5
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed ffi-1.16.3
Successfully installed ethon-0.16.0
Successfully installed typhoeus-1.4.1
Successfully installed public_suffix-4.0.7
Successfully installed fuzzy_match-2.0.4
Successfully installed concurrent-ruby-1.2.2
Successfully installed httpclient-2.8.3
A new major version is available for Algolia! Please now use the https://rubygems.org/gems/algolia gem to get the latest features.
Successfully installed algoliasearch-1.27.5
Successfully installed addressable-2.8.5
Successfully installed tzinfo-2.0.6
Successfully installed i18n-1.14.1
Successfully installed connection_pool-2.4.1
Successfully installed activesupport-7.1.2
Successfully installed cocoapods-core-1.14.3
Successfully installed cocoapods-1.14.3
Parsing documentation for rexml-3.2.6
Installing ri documentation for rexml-3.2.6
Parsing documentation for nanaimo-0.3.0
Installing ri documentation for nanaimo-0.3.0
Parsing documentation for colored2-3.1.2
Installing ri documentation for colored2-3.1.2
Parsing documentation for claide-1.1.0
Installing ri documentation for claide-1.1.0
Parsing documentation for CFPropertyList-3.0.6
Installing ri documentation for CFPropertyList-3.0.6
Parsing documentation for atomos-0.1.3
Installing ri documentation for atomos-0.1.3
Parsing documentation for xcodeproj-1.23.0
Installing ri documentation for xcodeproj-1.23.0
Parsing documentation for ruby-macho-2.5.1
Installing ri documentation for ruby-macho-2.5.1
Parsing documentation for nap-1.1.0
Installing ri documentation for nap-1.1.0
Parsing documentation for molinillo-0.8.0
Installing ri documentation for molinillo-0.8.0
Parsing documentation for gh_inspector-1.1.3
Installing ri documentation for gh_inspector-1.1.3
Parsing documentation for fourflusher-2.3.1
Installing ri documentation for fourflusher-2.3.1
Parsing documentation for escape-0.0.4
Installing ri documentation for escape-0.0.4
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-try-1.2.0
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-try-1.2.0
Parsing documentation for netrc-0.11.0
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Parsing documentation for cocoapods-trunk-1.6.0
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Parsing documentation for cocoapods-search-1.0.1
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Parsing documentation for cocoapods-plugins-1.0.0
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Installing ri documentation for ffi-1.16.3
Parsing documentation for ethon-0.16.0
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Parsing documentation for typhoeus-1.4.1
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Parsing documentation for public_suffix-4.0.7
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Parsing documentation for httpclient-2.8.3
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Parsing documentation for algoliasearch-1.27.5
Installing ri documentation for algoliasearch-1.27.5
Parsing documentation for addressable-2.8.5
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Parsing documentation for tzinfo-2.0.6
Installing ri documentation for tzinfo-2.0.6
Parsing documentation for i18n-1.14.1
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Parsing documentation for connection_pool-2.4.1
Installing ri documentation for connection_pool-2.4.1
Parsing documentation for activesupport-7.1.2
Couldn't find file to include 'activesupport/README.rdoc' from lib/active_support.rb
Installing ri documentation for activesupport-7.1.2
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-core-1.14.3
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-core-1.14.3
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.14.3
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-1.14.3
Done installing documentation for rexml, nanaimo, colored2, claide, CFPropertyList, atomos, xcodeproj, ruby-macho, nap, molinillo, gh_inspector, fourflusher, escape, cocoapods-try, netrc, cocoapods-trunk, cocoapods-search, cocoapods-plugins, cocoapods-downloader, cocoapods-deintegrate, ffi, ethon, typhoeus, public_suffix, fuzzy_match, concurrent-ruby, httpclient, algoliasearch, addressable, tzinfo, i18n, connection_pool, activesupport, cocoapods-core, cocoapods after 20 seconds
35 gems installed
之后就可以用 pod install 安装三方了
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