shell学习笔记：控制结构

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if结构：

  
  

   
   

    
    

     
     
read -p "Please input (Y/N): " yn

if [ "$yn" == "Y" -o "$yn" == "y" ]; then
     
     
    echo "OK, continue"
     
     
elif [ "$yn" == "N" -o "$yn" == "n" ]; then
     
     
    echo "Oh, interrupt!"
     
     
else
     
     
    echo "I don't know what your choice is"
     
     
fi
    
    
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   case结构：
  
  
  
  

   
   

    
    

     
     

      
      

       
       
 
        
 
         
case $1 in 
 
         
  "hello")
    echo "Hello, how are you ?"
    ;;
  "")
    echo "You MUST input parameters, ex> {$0 someword}"
    ;;
  *)   # 其实就相当於万用字节，0~无穷多个任意字节之意！
    echo "Usage $0 {hello}"
    ;;
esac
 
        
 
       
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    while 结构：
   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     

      
      
while [ "$yn" != "yes" -a "$yn" != "YES" ] #当条件为真时执行循环
do
    read -p "Please input yes/YES to stop this program: " yn
done
      
      
echo "OK! you input the correct answer."
      
      
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s=0  # 这是加总的数值变量
i=0  # 这是累计的数值，亦即是 1, 2, 3....
while [ "$i" != "100" ]
do
    i=$(($i+1))   # 每次 i 都会添加 1 
    s=$(($s+$i))  # 每次都会加总一次！
done
            
            
echo"The result of '1+2+3+...+100' is ==> $s"
           
           
          
          
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until结构
      
      
       
       

        
        

         
         

          
          

           
           

            
            
until [ "$yn" == "yes" -o "$yn" == "YES" ] #当条件为真时退出循环
do
    read -p "Please input yes/YES to stop this program: " yn
done
            
            
echo "OK! you input the correct answer."
           
           
          
          
         
         
        
        
       
       
     
     
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for结构：

  
  

   
   

    
    

     
     

      
      

       
       
for animal in dog cat elephant
do
       
       
    echo "There are ${animal}s.... "
       
       
done
      
      
     
     
    
    
   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     

      
      

       
       

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network="192.168.1"              # 先定义一个网域的前面部分！
for sitenu in $(seq 1 100)       # seq 为 sequence(连续) 的缩写之意
do
    # 底下的程序在取得 ping 的回传值是正确的还是失败的！
        ping -c 1 -w1 ${network}.${sitenu} &> /dev/null && result=0 || result=1
    # 开始显示结果是正确的启动 (UP) 还是错误的没有连通 (DOWN)
        if [ "$result" == 0 ]; then
 
         
            echo "Server ${network}.${sitenu} is UP."
 
         
        else
 
         
            echo "Server ${network}.${sitenu} is DOWN."
 
         
        fi
 
         
done
 
        
 
       
      
      
     
     
    
    
   
   
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# 1. 先看看这个目录是否存在啊？
read -p "Please input a directory: " dir
       
       
if [ "$dir" == "" -o ! -d "$dir" ]; then
       
       
    echo"The $dir is NOT exist in your system."
    exit 1
       
       
fi

# 2. 开始测试文件罗～
filelist=$(ls $dir)        # 列出所有在该目录下的文件名称
for filename in $filelist
do
    perm=""
    test -r "$dir/$filename" && perm="$perm readable"
    test -w "$dir/$filename" && perm="$perm writable"
    test -x "$dir/$filename" && perm="$perm executable"
       
       
    echo "The file $dir/$filename's permission is $perm "
       
       
done
      
      
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     C语言方式：(双小括号方式--单小括号是执行命令)
    
    
   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     

      
      

       
       
 
        
read -p "Please input a number, I will count for 1+2+...+your_input: " nu
s=0
 
        
for (( i=1; i<=$nu; i=i+1 ))
do
    s=$(($s+$i))
done
 
        
echo"The result of '1+2+3+...+$nu' is ==> $s"
 
       
      
      
     
     
    
    
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select 结构
   
   
echo "What is your favourite OS?"
select var in "Linux" "Gnu Hurd" "Free BSD" "Other"; do
  break;
done
echo "You have selected $var"

   
   
该脚本的运行结果如下：
   
   
What is your favourite OS?
1) Linux
2) Gnu Hurd
3) Free BSD
4) Other
#? 1
You have selected Linux