kubeadm集群部署

本文档详细介绍了如何使用kubeadm工具部署Kubernetes集群,包括从官方文档获取信息、从阿里仓库下载镜像、确保所有机器都有镜像、安装Docker、关闭系统Swap以及后续的节点配置和网络插件设置等步骤。
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kubeadm方式部署k8s集群

官方文档:

https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/

kubeadm部署k8s高可用集群的官方文档:

https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/high-availability/

获取镜像

阿里仓库下载

[root@k8s-master ~]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.17.4
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.17.4
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.17.4
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.5
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1
​
docker pull quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64 --下载网络插件的配置文件
​
下载完了之后需要将aliyun下载下来的所有镜像打成k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.17.0这样的tag
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.17.4 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.17.4
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.17.4 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.17.4
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.17.4 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.17.4
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.5 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.5
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
版本号不用变
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1

所有机器都必须有镜像

安装docker--三台机器都操作

# yum remove docker \
docker-client \
docker-client-latest \
docker-common \
docker-latest \
docker-latest-logrotate \
docker-logrotate \
docker-selinux \
docker-engine-selinux \
docker-engine
# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git
# yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
​
# yum install docker-ce -y
​
启动并设置开机启动

完整安装过程

准备三台机器,

192.168.246.166   kub-k8s-master
192.168.246.167   kub-k8s-node1
192.168.246.169   kub-k8s-node2
​
制作本地解析,修改主机名。相互解析
# vim /etc/hosts

所有机器系统配置

1.关闭防火墙:
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
2.禁用SELinux:
# setenforce 0
3.编辑文件/etc/selinux/config,将SELINUX修改为disabled,如下:
# sed -i 's/SELINUX=permissive/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled 

关闭系统Swap:1.5之后的新规定

Kubernetes 1.8开始要求关闭系统的Swap,如果不关闭,默认配置下kubelet将无法启动。方法一,通过kubelet的启动参数–fail-swap-on=false更改这个限制。方法二,关闭系统的Swap。

# swapoff -a
修改/etc/fstab文件,注释掉SWAP的自动挂载,使用free -m确认swap已经关闭。
2.注释掉swap分区:
[root@localhost /]# sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
# free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           3935         144        3415       
--- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: PodSecurityPolicy metadata: name: psp.flannel.unprivileged annotations: seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default spec: privileged: false volumes: - configMap - secret - emptyDir - hostPath allowedHostPaths: - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d" - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel" - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel" readOnlyRootFilesystem: false # Users and groups runAsUser: rule: RunAsAny supplementalGroups: rule: RunAsAny fsGroup: rule: RunAsAny # Privilege Escalation allowPrivilegeEscalation: false defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false # Capabilities allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN'] defaultAddCapabilities: [] requiredDropCapabilities: [] # Host namespaces hostPID: false hostIPC: false hostNetwork: true hostPorts: - min: 0 max: 65535 # SELinux seLinux: # SELinux is unsed in CaaSP rule: 'RunAsAny' --- kind: ClusterRole apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 metadata: name: flannel rules: - apiGroups: ['extensions'] resources: ['podsecuritypolicies'] verbs: ['use'] resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged'] - apiGroups: - "" resources: - pods verbs: - get - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes verbs: - list - watch - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes/status verbs: - patch --- kind: ClusterRoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 metadata: name: flannel roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: flannel subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: flannel namespace: kube-system --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: flannel namespace: kube-system --- kind: ConfigMap apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: kube-flannel-cfg namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel data: cni-conf.json: | { "name": "cbr0", "plugins": [ { "type": "flannel", "delegate": { "hairpinMode": true, "isDefaultGateway": true } }, { "type": "portmap", "capabilities": { "portMappings": true } } ] } net-conf.json: | { "Network": "10.244.0.0/16", "Backend": { "Type": "vxlan" } } --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: DaemonSet metadata: name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64 namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: template: metadata: labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: hostNetwork: true nodeSelector: beta.kubernetes.io/arch: amd64 tolerations: - operator: Exists effect: NoSchedule serviceAccountName: flannel initContainers: - name: install-cni image: jmgao1983/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64 command: - cp args: - -f - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist volumeMounts: - name: cni mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ containers: - name: kube-flannel image: jmgao1983/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64 command: - /opt/bin/flanneld args: - --ip-masq - --kube-subnet-mgr resources: requests: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" limits: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" securityContext: privileged: false capabilities: add: ["NET_ADMIN"] env: - name: POD_NAME valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.name - name: POD_NAMESPACE valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.namespace volumeMounts: - name: run mountPath: /run/flannel - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ volumes: - name: run hostPath: path: /run/flannel - name: cni hostPath: path: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg configMap: name: kube-flannel-cfg --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: DaemonSet metadata: name: kube-flannel-ds-arm64 namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: template: metadata: labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: hostNetwork: true nodeSelector: beta.kubernetes.io/arch: arm64 tolerations: - operator: Exists effect: NoSchedule serviceAccountName: flannel initContainers: - name: install-cni image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64 command: - cp args: - -f - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist volumeMounts: - name: cni mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ containers: - name: kube-flannel image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64 command: - /opt/bin/flanneld args: - --ip-masq - --kube-subnet-mgr resources: requests: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" limits: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" securityContext: privileged: false capabilities: add: ["NET_ADMIN"] env: - name: POD_NAME valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.name - name: POD_NAMESPACE valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.namespace volumeMounts: - name: run mountPath: /run/flannel - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ volumes: - name: run hostPath: path: /run/flannel - name: cni hostPath: path: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg configMap: name: kube-flannel-cfg --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: DaemonSet metadata: name: kube-flannel-ds-arm namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: template: metadata: labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: hostNetwork: true nodeSelector: beta.kubernetes.io/arch: arm tolerations: - operator: Exists effect: NoSchedule serviceAccountName: flannel initContainers: - name: install-cni image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm command: - cp args: - -f - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist volumeMounts: - name: cni mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ containers: - name: kube-flannel image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm command: - /opt/bin/flanneld args: - --ip-masq - --kube-subnet-mgr resources: requests: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" limits: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" securityContext: privileged: false capabilities: add: ["NET_ADMIN"] env: - name: POD_NAME valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.name - name: POD_NAMESPACE valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.namespace volumeMounts: - name: run mountPath: /run/flannel - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ volumes: - name: run hostPath: path: /run/flannel - name: cni hostPath: path: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg configMap: name: kube-flannel-cfg --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: DaemonSet metadata: name: kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: template: metadata: labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: hostNetwork: true nodeSelector: beta.kubernetes.io/arch: ppc64le tolerations: - operator: Exists effect: NoSchedule serviceAccountName: flannel initContainers: - name: install-cni image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le command: - cp args: - -f - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist volumeMounts: - name: cni mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ containers: - name: kube-flannel image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le command: - /opt/bin/flanneld args: - --ip-masq - --kube-subnet-mgr resources: requests: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" limits: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" securityContext: privileged: false capabilities: add: ["NET_ADMIN"] env: - name: POD_NAME valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.name - name: POD_NAMESPACE valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.namespace volumeMounts: - name: run mountPath: /run/flannel - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ volumes: - name: run hostPath: path: /run/flannel - name: cni hostPath: path: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg configMap: name: kube-flannel-cfg --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: DaemonSet metadata: name: kube-flannel-ds-s390x namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: template: metadata: labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: hostNetwork: true nodeSelector: beta.kubernetes.io/arch: s390x tolerations: - operator: Exists effect: NoSchedule serviceAccountName: flannel initContainers: - name: install-cni image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x command: - cp args: - -f - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist volumeMounts: - name: cni mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ containers: - name: kube-flannel image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x command: - /opt/bin/flanneld args: - --ip-masq - --kube-subnet-mgr resources: requests: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" limits: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" securityContext: privileged: false capabilities: add: ["NET_ADMIN"] env: - name: POD_NAME valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.name - name: POD_NAMESPACE valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.namespace volumeMounts: - name: run mountPath: /run/flannel - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ volumes: - name: run hostPath: path: /run/flannel - name: cni hostPath: path: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg configMap: name: kube-flannel-cfg
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