SQL Server (MSSQLSERVER) 服务由于下列服务特定错误而终止: %%17051 SQL server：Error: 17051, Severity: 16, State: 1.

查看sqlserver日志的情况下得知是评估过期了

2023-11-01 17:42:15.93 Server      Microsoft SQL Server 2012 (SP1) - 11.0.3000.0 (Intel X86) 
	Oct 19 2012 13:43:21 
	Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
	Enterprise Evaluation Edition on Windows NT 6.1 <X64> (Build 7601: Service Pack 1) (WOW64)

2023-11-01 17:42:15.93 Server      (c) Microsoft Corporation.
2023-11-01 17:42:15.93 Server      All rights reserved.
2023-11-01 17:42:15.93 Server      Server process ID is 59612.
2023-11-01 17:42:15.93 Server      System Manufacturer: 'Huawei', System Model: 'RH2288H V3'.
2023-11-01 17:42:15.93 Server      Authentication mode is MIXED.
2023-11-01 17:42:15.93 Server      Logging SQL Server messages in file 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.MSSOLSERVER2012\MSSQL\Log\ERRORLOG'.
2023-11-01 17:42:15.94 Server      The service account is 'NT Service\MSSQL$MSSOLSERVER2012'. This is an informational message; no user action is required.
2023-11-01 17:42:15.94 Server      Registry startup parameters: 
	 -d C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.MSSOLSERVER2012\MSSQL\DATA\master.mdf
	 -e C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.MSSOLSERVER2012\MSSQL\Log\ERRORLOG
	 -l C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.MSSOLSERVER2012\MSSQL\DATA\mastlog.ldf
2023-11-01 17:42:15.94 Server      Command Line Startup Parameters:
	 -s "MSSOLSERVER2012"
2023-11-01 17:42:16.11 Server      Error: 17051, Severity: 16, State: 1.
2023-11-01 17:42:16.11 Server      SQL Server evaluation period has expired.

这是sqlserver的日志，在你安装目录下的log中
知道问题就好解决了
解决方案：打开开始菜单-所有应用-找到Microsoft SQL Server 2012目录-点开配置中心-找到安装中心
点击打开然后维护

然后点击升级-下一步

一直下一步就可以了，最后点击升级即可
到此就解决啦