XCUIElement API

XCUIElement 继承自
NSObject,XCUIElementAttributes(定义了一些控件元素属性,比如value,title等),XCUIElementTypeQueryProvider(一些元素集合的抽象,比如代表按钮的buttons),代表控件对象

目标App为WWDC上的演示的Lister

方法

descendantsMatchingType

从该控件的后代控件中找到符合指定类型的控件(子子孙孙都认),需要传入XCUIElementType类型的参数,返回XCUIElementType类型的对象。

childrenMatchingType

只从该控件的孩子节点中找到符合指定类型的控件(只认儿子),需要传入XCUIElementType类型的参数,返回XCUIElementType类型的对象。

属性

exists

判断控件对象是否存在。BOOL类型。

debugDescription

保存某控件的debug信息,这些信息只能用于case的调试,方便我们写case,不能作为测试的数据。NSString类型。

扩展XCUIElement

无论OC和Swift都是在XCUIElement的基础上扩展如下方法

tap

单击

doubleTap

双击

twoFingerTap

双指单击

pressForDuration(duration: NSTimeInterval)

长按(Swift写法),时间由传入的参数定义,单位为秒

pressForDuration(duration: NSTimeInterval, thenDragToElement otherElement: XCUIElement)

长按拖拽(Swift写法)。在控件上长按后,拖拽到另外一个控件。传入2个参数:长按时间和拖拽到目标控件。

swipeUp

控件上滑动。从下划到上

swipeDown

控件上滑动。从上滑到上

swipeLeft

控件上滑动。从右滑到左

swipeRight

控件上滑动。从左滑到右

typeText

输入字符。需要一个参数:NSString

实例

Swift版本

func testXCUIElementAPI() {
        // Use recording to get started writing UI tests.
        // Use XCTAssert and related functions to verify your tests produce the correct results.
        let app = XCUIApplication()
        //向上滑动
        app.swipeUp()
        //向下滑动
        app.swipeDown()
        //点击“Groceries”列进入子目录
        app.tables.staticTexts["Groceries"].tap()
        //获取当前界面的表格对象
        let tables = app.tables
        //定位到编辑框"Add Item"
        let addItemTextField = tables.textFields["Add Item"]
        //点击,焦点定位到编辑框
        addItemTextField.tap()
        //输入Hello
        addItemTextField.typeText("Hello")
        //回车键
        app.typeText("\r")

        //获取表格中的Cell对象,每一个表格单元都是一个Cell对象
        let cells = tables.childrenMatchingType(.Cell)
        //获取第二个单元,跳过了输入框所在的行,XCUIElement对象
        let cell = cells.elementAtIndex(1)
        cell.swipeLeft()
        cell.swipeRight()
        //从第一个单元中找到文本框控件集合,XCUIElementQuery对象
        let textFields = cell.childrenMatchingType(.TextField)
        //let textFields = cell.descendantsMatchingType(.TextField)
        //获取第一个文本框控件,XCUIElement对象
        let textField = textFields.elementAtIndex(0)

        if textField.exists{
            //左滑然后右滑
            textField.swipeLeft()
            textField.swipeRight()
        }
        //长按5.5秒
        textField.pressForDuration(5.5)
        //打印debug的描述信息,也就是case执行过程中的查找过程
        print(textFields.debugDescription)
    }

OC版本

-(void)testXCUIElementAPI {
    XCUIApplication *app = [[XCUIApplication alloc] init];
    //向上滑动
    [app swipeUp];
    //向下滑动
    [app swipeDown];
    //点击“Groceries”列进入子目录
    [app.tables.staticTexts[@"Groceries"] tap];

    //获取当前界面的表格对象
    XCUIElementQuery *tables = app.tables;

    //定位到编辑框"Add Item"
    XCUIElement *addItemTextField = tables.textFields[@"Add Item"];
    //点击,焦点定位到编辑框
    [addItemTextField tap];
    //输入Hello
    [addItemTextField typeText:@"Hello"];
    //回车键
    [app typeText:@"\r"];

    //获取表格中的Cell对象,每一个表格单元都是一个Cell对象
    XCUIElementQuery *cells = [tables childrenMatchingType:XCUIElementTypeCell];


    //获取第二个单元,跳过了输入框所在的行,XCUIElement对象
    XCUIElement *cell = [cells elementAtIndex:1];
    [cell swipeLeft];
    [cell swipeRight];

    //从第一个单元中找到文本框控件集合,XCUIElementQuery对象
    XCUIElementQuery *textFields = [cell childrenMatchingType:XCUIElementTypeTextField];
    //XCUIElementQuery *textFields = [cell descendantsMatchingType:XCUIElementTypeTextField];
    //获取第一个文本框控件,XCUIElement对象
    XCUIElement *textField = [textFields elementAtIndex:0];

    if ([textField exists]) {
         //左滑然后右滑
        [textField swipeLeft];
        [textField swipeRight];
    }

    //长按5.5秒
    [textField pressForDuration:5.5];
    //打印debug的描述信息,也就是case执行过程中的查找过程
    NSLog(@" %@ ",[textField debugDescription]);

}

源码

Swift版本


@available(iOS 9.0, *)
class XCUIElement : NSObject, XCUIElementAttributes, XCUIElementTypeQueryProvider {


    var exists: Bool { get }


    func descendantsMatchingType(type: XCUIElementType) -> XCUIElementQuery

    func childrenMatchingType(type: XCUIElementType) -> XCUIElementQuery


    var debugDescription: String { get }
}

extension XCUIElement {


    func tap()


    func doubleTap()


    func twoFingerTap()


    func pressForDuration(duration: NSTimeInterval)


    func pressForDuration(duration: NSTimeInterval, thenDragToElement otherElement: XCUIElement)


    func swipeUp()


    func swipeDown()


    func swipeLeft()


    func swipeRight()

    func typeText(text: String)
}

OC版本

NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE(10_11, 9_0)
@interface XCUIElement : NSObject <XCUIElementAttributes, XCUIElementTypeQueryProvider>


@property (readonly) BOOL exists;


- (XCUIElementQuery *)descendantsMatchingType:(XCUIElementType)type;


- (XCUIElementQuery *)childrenMatchingType:(XCUIElementType)type;


@property (readonly, copy) NSString *debugDescription;

@end

#pragma mark - Event Synthesis


@interface XCUIElement (XCUIElementEventSynthesis)

#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE


- (void)tap;


- (void)doubleTap;


- (void)twoFingerTap;


- (void)pressForDuration:(NSTimeInterval)duration;


- (void)pressForDuration:(NSTimeInterval)duration thenDragToElement:(XCUIElement *)otherElement;


- (void)swipeUp;


- (void)swipeDown;


- (void)swipeLeft;


- (void)swipeRight;


- (void)typeText:(NSString *)text;

#else


- (void)hover;


- (void)click;


- (void)doubleClick;


- (void)rightClick;


- (void)clickForDuration:(NSTimeInterval)duration thenDragToElement:(XCUIElement *)otherElement;


+ (void)performWithKeyModifiers:(XCUIKeyModifierFlags)flags block:(void (^)(void))block;


- (void)typeText:(NSString *)text;


- (void)typeKey:(NSString *)key modifierFlags:(XCUIKeyModifierFlags)flags;


- (void)scrollByDeltaX:(CGFloat)deltaX deltaY:(CGFloat)deltaY;

#endif

@end

其他

OC中调用debugDescription信息说明

实例中调用debugDescription打印的信息如下:


Attributes: TextField 0x7fbf6aeaad40: traits: 146029150208, {{54.0, 120.0}, {306.0, 20.0}}, value: Hello
Element subtree:
 →TextField 0x7fbf6aeaad40: traits: 146029150208, {{54.0, 120.0}, {306.0, 20.0}}, value: Hello
Path to element:
 →Application 0x7fbf6ae8c9f0: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}, title: 'Lister', label: 'Lister'
  ↳Window 0x7fbf6d028210: Main Window, {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
   ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6d028880: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
    ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6d029790: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
     ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aea8d50: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
      ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aea57f0: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
       ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aeb1500: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
        ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aeb5fa0: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
         ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aeb3080: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
          ↳Table 0x7fbf6aeb03b0: traits: 35192962023424, {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
           ↳Cell 0x7fbf6aead2b0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 108.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
            ↳TextField 0x7fbf6aeaad40: traits: 146029150208, {{54.0, 120.0}, {306.0, 20.0}}, value: Hello
Query chain:
 →Find: Target Application
  ↪︎Find: Descendants matching type Table
    Input: {
      Application 0x7fbf6ae8c9f0: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}, title: 'Lister', label: 'Lister'
    }
    Output: {
      Table 0x7fbf6aeb03b0: traits: 35192962023424, {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
    }
    ↪︎Find: Children matching type Cell
      Input: {
        Table 0x7fbf6aeb03b0: traits: 35192962023424, {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
      }
      Output: {
        Cell 0x7fbf6aca03a0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 64.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6aead2b0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 108.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6aea8020: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 152.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6aea6940: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 196.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6acb98a0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 240.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6ac7ed80: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 284.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6ac7d490: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 328.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6ac82a40: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 372.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6ac9ab00: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 416.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6ac9b0b0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 460.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6ac8cc90: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 504.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6acb9dd0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 548.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6acbeab0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 592.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6acc4890: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 636.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6aca8a00: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 680.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        Cell 0x7fbf6acbb820: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 724.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
      }
      ↪︎Find: elementAtIndex
        Input: {
          Cell 0x7fbf6aca03a0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 64.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6aead2b0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 108.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6aea8020: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 152.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6aea6940: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 196.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6acb98a0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 240.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6ac7ed80: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 284.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6ac7d490: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 328.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6ac82a40: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 372.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6ac9ab00: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 416.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6ac9b0b0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 460.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6ac8cc90: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 504.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6acb9dd0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 548.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6acbeab0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 592.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6acc4890: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 636.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6aca8a00: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 680.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          Cell 0x7fbf6acbb820: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 724.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        }
        Output: {
          Cell 0x7fbf6aead2b0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 108.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
        }
        ↪︎Find: Children matching type TextField
          Input: {
            Cell 0x7fbf6aead2b0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 108.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
          }
          Output: {
            TextField 0x7fbf6aeaad40: traits: 146029150208, {{54.0, 120.0}, {306.0, 20.0}}, value: Hello
          }
          ↪︎Find: elementAtIndex
            Input: {
              TextField 0x7fbf6aeaad40: traits: 146029150208, {{54.0, 120.0}, {306.0, 20.0}}, value: Hello
            }
            Output: {
              TextField 0x7fbf6aeaad40: traits: 146029150208, {{54.0, 120.0}, {306.0, 20.0}}, value: Hello
            }

上面的信息中包含了我们查找textField的过程中所用的整个信息,信息分三部分

第一部分:Attributes


Attributes: TextField 0x7fbf6aeaad40: traits: 146029150208, {{54.0, 120.0}, {306.0, 20.0}}, value: Hello

包含被查找控件的内存地址(0x7fbf6aeaad40),traits(146029150208),起始坐标、长和宽({{54.0, 120.0}, {306.0, 20.0}}),value值(Hello)

第二部分:Path to element

Path to element:
 →Application 0x7fbf6ae8c9f0: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}, title: 'Lister', label: 'Lister'
  ↳Window 0x7fbf6d028210: Main Window, {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
   ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6d028880: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
    ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6d029790: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
     ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aea8d50: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
      ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aea57f0: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
       ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aeb1500: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
        ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aeb5fa0: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
         ↳Unknown 0x7fbf6aeb3080: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
          ↳Table 0x7fbf6aeb03b0: traits: 35192962023424, {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
           ↳Cell 0x7fbf6aead2b0: traits: 8589934592, {{0.0, 108.0}, {375.0, 44.0}}
            ↳TextField 0x7fbf6aeaad40: traits: 146029150208, {{54.0, 120.0}, {306.0, 20.0}}, value: Hello

详细列出了找到该控件的路线,从Application->Window->…(多个Unknow的父控件)->Table->Cell->TextField

第三部分:Query chain

这一部分Swift中debugDescription 方法也能得到。
这一部分描述了是如何一步一步查询到当前控件的,根据case的写法会有不同的过程,其中有一些标识符很关键:

  • Find:表示操作目的
  • Input:输入,数据源
  • Ouput:输出,找到的对象

比如下面的一段就表示我们试图从Application的子孙中找寻Table控件,然后我们找到了Tabel 0x7fbf6aeb03b0对象。

 ↪︎Find: Descendants matching type Table
    Input: {
      Application 0x7fbf6ae8c9f0: {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}, title: 'Lister', label: 'Lister'
    }
    Output: {
      Table 0x7fbf6aeb03b0: traits: 35192962023424, {{0.0, 0.0}, {375.0, 667.0}}
    }
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