关于Git的一些命令行操作

方法一(常用)：

使用git clone 拉取

这里默认拉取的是全部的分支，注意其中Receiving objects的28398，说明git clone的objects总数是28398

可以使用：git checkout -b xxx remotes/origin xxx 切换分支，其中xxx是本地仓库名字。当然在IDEA里有更简单的图形化界面操作，可以直接checkout。

优点：切换分支方便、快速
缺点：在网络较慢或项目分支持过多的情况下拉取较慢，而且会拉取不必要的分支，占用空间过大。

kong@DESKTOP-AU84EHV MINGW64 /f/test
$ git clone https://xxx.git
Cloning into 'xxx'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 28398, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (24269/24269), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (10569/10569), done.
remote: Total 28398 (delta 11782), reused 16917 (delta 7903), pack-reused 4129
Receiving objects: 100% (28398/28398), 19.73 MiB | 1.53 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (13317/13317), done.
Updating files: 100% (3019/3019), done.

 方法二(只拉取指定分支)：

git clone -b develop --single-branch https://xxx.git

其中develop是分支名称

注意--single-branch，如果不加这个参数将和方法一 一样拉取全部的分支

优点：拉取快速、占用空间小
缺点：看不到其他的分支

kong@DESKTOP-AU84EHV MINGW64 /f/test
$ git clone -b xx --single-branch https://xxx.git
Cloning into 'xxx'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 23094, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (18965/18965), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6830/6830), done.
remote: Total 23094 (delta 9200), reused 16579 (delta 7721), pack-reused 4129
Receiving objects: 100% (23094/23094), 19.04 MiB | 1.28 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (10735/10735), done.
Updating files: 100% (3019/3019), done.

// 查看分支情况
kong@DESKTOP-AU84EHV MINGW64 /f/test/xxx(xx)
$ git branch -a
* xx
  remotes/origin/xx

方法三(拉取最近几次提交的代码)：

拉取最近10次提交的代码

$ git clone --depth 10 https://xxx.git

默认拉取的是master分支

kong@DESKTOP-AU84EHV MINGW64 /f/test
$ git clone --depth 10 https://xxx.git
Cloning into 'xxx'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 3910, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (3910/3910), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (2737/2737), done.
remote: Total 3910 (delta 1443), reused 2875 (delta 934), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (3910/3910), 16.78 MiB | 1.54 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (1443/1443), done.
Updating files: 100% (3019/3019), done.

kong@DESKTOP-AU84EHV MINGW64 /f/test/xxx(master)
$ git branch -a
* master
  remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master
  remotes/origin/master

方法三补充(指定分支)：

其中xx为指定的分支

$ git clone -b xx--single-branch --depth 10 https://xxx.git

kong@DESKTOP-AU84EHV MINGW64 /f/test
$ git clone -b xx--single-branch --depth 10 https://xx.git
Cloning into 'xx'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 5504, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (5504/5504), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3560/3560), done.
remote: Total 5504 (delta 2463), reused 3927 (delta 1461), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (5504/5504), 17.01 MiB | 1.39 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (2463/2463), done.
Updating files: 100% (3019/3019), done.

kong@DESKTOP-AU84EHV MINGW64 /f/test/xxx (我是分支名称)
$ git branch -a
* xx
  remotes/origin/xx

再补充亿点点：

Git Revision graph(版本分支图)