LINUX 进程通信套接字,本地套接字与网络套接字的区别
本地套接字的地址,一定要使用绝对路径名,否则套接字将创建在当前目录下,在非当前目录运行客户端程序,是无法找到此套接字文件的。也就无法通信成功。这是本地套接字的缺点。下面通过例程测试。
服务器端程序
/* Make the necessary includes and set up the variables. */
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int server_sockfd, client_sockfd;
int server_len, client_len;
struct sockaddr_un server_address;
struct sockaddr_un client_address;
/* Remove any old socket and create an unnamed socket for the server. */
unlink("server_socket");
server_sockfd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
/* Name the socket. */
server_address.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
strcpy(server_address.sun_path, "server_socket");
server_len = sizeof(server_address);
bind(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_address, server_len);
/* Create a connection queue and wait for clients. */
listen(server_sockfd, 5);
while(1) {
char ch;
printf("server waiting\n");
/* Accept a connection. */
client_len = sizeof(client_address);
client_sockfd = accept(server_sockfd,
(struct sockaddr *)&client_address, &client_len);
/* We can now read/write to client on client_sockfd. */
read(client_sockfd, &ch, 1);
ch++;
write(client_sockfd, &ch, 1);
close(client_sockfd);
}
}
- 客户端程序
/* Make the necessary includes and set up the variables. */
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int sockfd;
int len;
struct sockaddr_un address;
int result;
char ch = 'A';
/* Create a socket for the client. */
sockfd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
/* Name the socket, as agreed with the server. */
address.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
strcpy(address.sun_path, "server_socket");
len = sizeof(address);
/* Now connect our socket to the server's socket. */
result = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, len);
if(result == -1) {
perror("oops: client1");
exit(1);
}
/* We can now read/write via sockfd. */
write(sockfd, &ch, 1);
read(sockfd, &ch, 1);
printf("char from server = %c\n", ch);
close(sockfd);
exit(0);
}
生成的套接字文件在服务器程序所在目录
客户端在其他目录,运行时候无法找到套接字,也就无法连接成功。
修改为绝对路径
#define SOCKNAME "/tmp/mysock"
##服务器端修改套接字命名
strcpy(address.sun_path,SOCKNAME);
#客户端修改
/* Name the socket. */
server_address.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
strcpy(server_address.sun_path,SOCKNAME );
之前我没意识到这个地址一定要是。。
对路径。对应网络编程,绑定的是端口号。不同的网络服务协议,不同端口号。