Gson 中注解标签的JsonAdapter的时候

我们请求后台获得json的时候,往往不能获得我们比较喜欢的数据类型.例如:时间传给字符串,boolean 传给int类型:

如图:

{
    time:"20180524",
    isLoveMe:1//1代表true,0:代表false
}

Q:这个时候我们怎么方便的直接把time编程date,isLoveMe编程Boolean呢?

A:这个时候我们使用Gson中的@JsonAdapter标签

从而把该json变成以下的JavaBean:

  class Resule{
        @JsonAdapter(xxxx.class)
        Date time;
        @JsonAdapter(xxxx.class)
        Boolean isLoveMe;
    }

JsonAdapter里面需要的参数就是一个继承于TypeAdapter的子类,在这里我们等于改写了json的解析方式,从而把”20180524”–>变成–>Date;把1–>Boolean

其实TypeAdapter是个抽象方法里面就两个方法,通过名字很好理解:

public abstract class TypeAdapter<T> {

  /**
  将javabean字段变成对应的json
   */
  public abstract void write(JsonWriter out, T value) throws IOException;

  /**
    将json变成对应的javabean字段
   */
  public abstract T read(JsonReader in) throws IOException;
  }

举个栗子

public class BooleanTypeAdapter extends TypeAdapter<Boolean> {
    @Override
    public void write(JsonWriter out, Boolean value) throws IOException {
        if(value == null){
            out.nullValue();
        }else if(value){
            out.jsonValue("1");
        }else {
            out.jsonValue("0");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Boolean read(JsonReader in) throws IOException {
        if(in.peek() == JsonToken.NULL){
            in.nextNull();
            return false;
        }
        String value = in.nextString();
        if(value.equalsIgnoreCase("1")){
            return true;
        }else if(value.equalsIgnoreCase("0")){
            return false;
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknown value for boolean, must be 1 or 0");
        }
    }
}

实际操作

class Resule {

    String time;
    @JsonAdapter(BooleanTypeAdapter.class)
    Boolean isLoveMe;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Resule{" +
                "time='" + time + '\'' +
                ", isLoveMe=" + isLoveMe +
                '}';
    }
}

开炮:

 @Test
    public void testGons() {
        String str = "{\n" +
                "\ttime:\"20180524\",\n" +
                "\tisLoveMe:1//1代表true,0:代表false\n" +
                "}";
        Resule resule = new Gson().fromJson(str, Resule.class);
        System.out.println(resule);
    }

结果:

Resule{time='20180524', isLoveMe=true}

很明显,isLoveMe字段变成了Beanlean

那么String 怎么转变成Date呢?
由于

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.FIELD})
public @interface JsonAdapter {

  /** Either a {@link TypeAdapter} or {@link TypeAdapterFactory}. */
  Class<?> value();

}

只能传进去一个参数:无法自由的转变时间的格式,可以换一个方式:

public class DateTypeAdapter_yyyyMMdd extends DynamicDateTypeAdapter{

    public DateTypeAdapter_yyyyMMdd() {
        super("yyyyMMdd");
    }
}

public abstract class DynamicDateTypeAdapter extends TypeAdapter<Date> {

    private static final Map<String,DateFormat> DATE_FORMAT_MAP = new HashMap<>();

    private final String format;

    private DateFormat dateFormat;
    //由于字段解析会大量调用该方法,这里写成static final 更加快
    private static final DateFormat HHmm_DateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("HHmm",Locale.CHINA);
    private static final DateFormat yyyyMMdd_DateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd",Locale.CHINA);
    private static final DateFormat yyyyMMddHHmm_DateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmm",Locale.CHINA);
    private static final DateFormat yyyyMMddHHmmss_DateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss",Locale.CHINA);


    protected DynamicDateTypeAdapter(@NonNull String format) {
        this.format = format;
        dateFormat = DATE_FORMAT_MAP.get(format);
        if(dateFormat == null){
            dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(format, Locale.CHINA);
            DATE_FORMAT_MAP.put(format,dateFormat);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void write(JsonWriter out, Date value) throws IOException {
        if (value == null) {
            out.nullValue();
        } else {
            out.jsonValue(dateFormat.format(value));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Date read(JsonReader in) throws IOException {
        if (in.peek() == JsonToken.NULL) {
            in.nextNull();
            return null;
        }
        String jsonValue = in.nextString();
        // 4 HHmm
        // 8 yyyyMMdd
        // 12 yyyyMMddHHmm
        // 14 yyyyMMddHHmmss
        if ("19000101".equals(jsonValue)) {
            return null;
        }
        if ("190001010000".equals(jsonValue)) {
            return null;
        }

        if(StringUtils.isEmpty(jsonValue)){
            return null;
        }
        try {
            if(jsonValue.length() == 4){
                return HHmm_DateFormat.parse(jsonValue);
            }else if(jsonValue.length() == 8){
                return yyyyMMdd_DateFormat.parse(jsonValue);
            }else if(jsonValue.length() == 12){
                return yyyyMMddHHmm_DateFormat.parse(jsonValue);
            }else if(jsonValue.length() == 14){
                return yyyyMMddHHmmss_DateFormat.parse(jsonValue);
            }else{
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknown date date format, must be " + format);
            }
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknown date date format, must be " + format, e);
        }
    }
}

开始实践;

   @Test
    public void testGons() {
        String str = "{\n" +
                "\ttime:\"20180524\",\n" +
                "\tisLoveMe:1//1代表true,0:代表false\n" +
                "}";
        Resule resule = new Gson().fromJson(str, Resule.class);
        System.out.println(resule);
    }

    class Resule {

        @JsonAdapter(DateTypeAdapter_yyyyMMdd.class)
        Date time;
        @JsonAdapter(BooleanTypeAdapter.class)
        Boolean isLoveMe;

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Resule{" +
                    "time='" + time + '\'' +
                    ", isLoveMe=" + isLoveMe +
                    '}';
        }
    }

结果

Resule{time='Thu May 24 00:00:00 CST 2018', isLoveMe=true}

time 已经变成了date格式了