lamp架构：nginx、mysql、php源码编译及配置

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-13 14:57:14 发布

qiao_qing

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-13 14:57:14 发布

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分类专栏： mysql及redis

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nginx官网手册：docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/load-balancer/http-load-balancer/

1.nginx部署

[root@server1 ~]# ls
nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
[root@server1 ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz 
[root@server1 ~]# ls
nginx-1.18.0  nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
[root@server1 ~]# yum install gcc pcre-devel openssl-devel -y ##安装依赖
[root@server1 ~]# vim nginx-1.18.0/auto/cc/gcc#关了debug,会减少/usr/local/nginx的大小
# debug
#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 ~]# cd nginx-1.18.0 
[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module##config指令 会在当前目录生成Makefile
[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# make
[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# make install

[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
[root@server1 nginx]# du -sh *
68K	conf
8.0K	html
0	logs
904K	sbin
[root@server1 nginx]# du -sh .
980K	.
##如果没关denug会6。8M，此时cd /usr/local/nginx/, rm -fr *, make clean, rm -fr nginx-1.18.0, 然后关掉debug，重新以上步骤

[root@server1 ~]# vim .bash_profile##加入环境变量中
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
[root@server1 ~]# source .bash_profile ##立即生效
[root@server1 ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin

[root@server1 ~]# which nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@server1 ~]# nginx ##开启nginx

网页访问172.25.3.1

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
[root@server1 nginx]# ls
client_body_temp  fastcgi_temp  logs        sbin       uwsgi_temp
conf              html          proxy_temp  scgi_temp
[root@server1 nginx]# cd html/
[root@server1 html]# vim test.html
[root@server1 html]# cat test.html 
www.westos.org
[root@server1 html]# nginx -s reload##变更文件后需要reload，nginx -s reload;nginx -s stop是停止

网页访问172.25.3.1/test.html

在这里插入图片描述

2.部署mysql

[root@server1 ~]# ls
mysql-boost-5.7.31.tar.gz  nginx-1.18.0  nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
[root@server1 ~]# tar zxf mysql-boost-5.7.31.tar.gz
[root@server1 ~]# yum install cmake ncurses-devel  gcc-c++ bision -y 
[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# cd boost/boost_1_59_0/boost/
[root@server1 boost]# pwd
/root/mysql-5.7.31/boost/boost_1_59_0/boost
[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_BOOST=/root/mysql-5.7.31/boost/boost_1_59_0/
####当cmake执行错误时，需要删除 rm -fr CMakeCache.txt，然后执行cmake
[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# make##时间久
[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# make install

config 参数

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \#安装目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \#数据库存放目录
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock \ #Unix socket 文件路径
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \#安装 myisam 存储引擎
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \#安装 innodb 存储引擎
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \#安装 archive 存储引擎
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \#安装 blackhole 存储引擎
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \#安装数据库分区
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \#允许从本地导入数据
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \#快捷键功能
-DWITH_SSL=yes \#支持 SSL
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \#使用 utf8 字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \#校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \#安装所有扩展字符集
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \#MySQL 监听端口

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@server1 mysql]# ls
bin   include  LICENSE  mysql-test  README-test  support-files
docs  lib      man      README      share
[root@server1 mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@server1 support-files]# ls
magic  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@server1 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld##有X权限，#根据你的主机内存复制 mysql 配置文件
[root@server1 support-files]# find -name *my.cnf
[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@server1 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 ~]# vim .bash_profile ##添加环境变量
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@server1 ~]# source .bash_profile #使之生效

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 ~]# useradd -u 1001 -M -d /usr/local/mysql/data -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@server1 mysql]# mysqld --verbose --help |less
[root@server1 mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql####初始化
##临时密码
2021-03-28T07:59:47.949140Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: #0Z5%G0Cl0q=
[root@server1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start##只能start一次
[root@server1 mysql]# netstat -antlp|grep :3306
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      13058/mysqld       

[root@server1 mysql]# mysql_secure_installation  #按提示完成mysql安全设置,生产环境推荐使用。临时密码；新密码；两个回车，一直y
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root: #0Z5%G0Cl0q=
New password:westos

##临时密码；新密码；两个回车，一直y
在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 mysql]# mysql -p##完成mysql部署
Enter password: westos
mysql> show databases;

在这里插入图片描述

3.php

1)php源码编译

[root@zhenji Downloads]# scp oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm oniguruma-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm php-7.4.12.tar.bz2 server1:

[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y bzip2
[root@server1 ~]# tar jxf php-7.4.12.tar.bz2 

[root@server1 ~]# useradd -M -d /usr/local/nginx/ -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@server1 ~]# id nginx
uid=1002(nginx) gid=1002(nginx) groups=1002(nginx)
[root@server1 ~]# ps aux
[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
user  nginx nginx;
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload
[root@server1 conf]# ps aux

在这里插入图片描述

##安装依赖
[root@server1 ~]# yum install systemd-devel.x86_64 libxml2-devel.x86_64 sqlite-devel.x86_64 libcurl-devel libpng-devel -y
[root@server1 ~]# yum install  oniguruma-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -y ##外网下载

2)php配置

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# cd sapi/
[root@server1 sapi]# ls
apache2handler  cgi  cli  embed  fpm  litespeed  phpdbg
[root@server1 sapi]# cd fpm/
[root@server1 fpm]# ls
[root@server1 fpm]# cp init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@server1 fpm]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
[root@server1 fpm]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
Usage: /etc/init.d/php-fpm {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload|status|configtest}
[root@server1 fpm]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@server1 etc]# ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@server1 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf##default是模板
[root@server1 etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid##去掉注释
[root@server1 etc]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# ls
www.conf.default
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# cd php-7.4.12/
[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini##主配置文件,必须是ini
[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start##可以启动php
[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# netstat -antlp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24145/php-fpm: mast

在这里插入图片描述

3)nginx结合php

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;##默认先找php首页
        }

        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi.conf;
        }

在这里插入图片描述

##网页搜nginx systemd，编写nginx自启动脚本

[root@server1 conf]# cd /etc/systemd/system/
[root@server1 system]# vim nginx.service
[root@server1 system]# cat nginx.service 
[Unit]
Description=The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=syslog.target network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


[root@server1 system]# nginx -s stop
[root@server1 system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@server1 system]# systemctl start nginx
[root@server1 system]# systemctl enable nginx

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# cd sapi/fpm/
[root@server1 fpm]# ls
[root@server1 fpm]# cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@server1 fpm]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@server1 system]# vim php-fpm.service 
#ProtectSystem=full##//默认php-fpm启动时只读挂载/usr目录,注释掉
[root@server1 system]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@server1 system]# systemctl start php-fpm#通过脚本启动，开机自起
[root@server1 system]# systemctl enable php-fpm

[root@server1 system]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@server1 html]# ls
50x.html  index.html  test.html
[root@server1 html]# vim index.php
[root@server1 html]# cat index.php 
<?php
phpinfo()
?>

网页访问172.25.3.1
在这里插入图片描述
改配置文件，然后直接 systemctl reload php-fpm就会生效

[root@server1 system]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@server1 etc]# vim php.ini 
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
[root@server1 etc]# systemctl reload php-fpm

4)测试php部署完成

###MyAdminphp是php编写的一个数据库管理工具
[root@server1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start ##开启mysql
[root@server1 ~]# vim .bash_profile 
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/mysql/bin/:/usr/local/php/b
in
[root@server1 ~]# source .bash_profile 
[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@server1 etc]# vim php.ini ##修改两个sock路径
pdo_mysql.default_socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
mysqli.default_socket =/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# scp phpMyAdmin-5.0.2-all-languages.zip server1:
[root@server1 ~]# unzip phpMyAdmin-5.0.2-all-languages.zip
[root@server1 ~]# mv phpMyAdmin-5.0.2-all-languages /usr/local/nginx/html/phpadmin
[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/phpadmin

[root@server1 phpadmin]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@server1 mysql]# chmod 755 data

访问网页172.25.3.1/phpadmin 登陆 root 密码westos
在这里插入图片描述

4.php加memcache模块

[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# scp memcache-4.0.5.2.tgz server1:
[root@server1 ~]# tar zxf memcache-4.0.5.2.tgz 
[root@server1 ~]# cd memcache-4.0.5.2/
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# ls
cloudbuild.yaml  config.m4   CREDITS  Dockerfile   LICENSE       php7    tests
config9.m4       config.w32  docker   example.php  memcache.php  README
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# phpize

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# yum install autoconf -y 
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version:         20190902
Zend Module Api No:      20190902
Zend Extension Api No:   320190902
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# ls##有configure文件
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# ./configure --enable-memcache
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# make 
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# make install
Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# cd /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/
[root@server1 no-debug-non-zts-20190902]# ls
memcache.so  opcache.a  opcache.so
[root@server1 no-debug-non-zts-20190902]# cd /usr/local/
[root@server1 local]# ls
bin  games    lib    libexec  nginx  sbin   src
etc  include  lib64  mysql    php    share
[root@server1 local]# php -m |grep memcache##此时模块还没有被加载
[root@server1 local]# cd php/etc/
[root@server1 etc]# vim php.ini ##php支持动态加载
extension=memcache##添加
[root@server1 etc]# systemctl reload php-fpm
[root@server1 etc]# php -m |grep memcache
memcache
[root@server1 etc]# yum install memcached -y
[root@server1 etc]# systemctl start memcached
[root@server1 etc]# systemctl start memcached
[root@server1 etc]# netstat -antlp##11211  开启
tcp6       0      0 :::11211    

[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# cp example.php /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# cp memcache.php /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@server1 html]# vim memcache.php ##改两个地方
define('ADMIN_USERNAME','admin');       // Admin Username
define('ADMIN_PASSWORD','westos');      // Admin Password

$MEMCACHE_SERVERS[] = 'localhost:11211'; // add more as an array
#$MEMCACHE_SERVERS[] = 'mymemcache-server2:11211'; // add more as an array

在这里插入图片描述

网页访问http://172.25.3.1/memcache.php/，登陆admin westos
显示命中和未命中百分比，刷新网页http://172.25.3.1/example.php/，命中百分比会增加

##php通过memcache模块调用memcache
client->nginx->fastchi_pass->php-fpm:9000->php-memcache->memcached:11211,(nginx高性能高并发，自己有缓存，速度快)
在这里插入图片描述

5.构建nginx高速缓存

使用memc-nginx和srcache-nginx模块构建高效透明的缓存机制
软件下载： https://openresty.org/cn/
在这里插入图片描述

1)部署openresty，使用lua更适合开发

[root@server1 ~]# tar zxf openresty-1.19.3.1.tar.gz 
[root@server1 ~]# cd openresty-1.19.3.1/
[root@server1 openresty-1.19.3.1]# ./configure 
[root@server1 openresty-1.19.3.1]# make
[root@server1 openresty-1.19.3.1]# make install
[root@server1 openresty-1.19.3.1]# cd /usr/local/openresty/nginx/
[root@server1 nginx]# ls
conf  html  logs  sbin
[root@server1 nginx]# systemctl stop nginx
[root@server1 nginx]# vim conf/nginx.conf##改三个地方
user  nginx nginx;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        }

location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi.conf;
        }

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 nginx]# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
[root@server1 nginx]# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx 
[root@server1 nginx]# netstat -antlp
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      4631/nginx: master

在这里插入图片描述

·网页访问http://172.25.3.1 是Welcome to OpenResty!页面

在这里插入图片描述

2）部署openresty高速缓存策略

[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# ab -c10 -n 10000 http://172.25.3.1/example.php
Requests per second:    1341.60 [#/sec] (mean)###压测，没有高速下的速度

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf##改3个地方

http {
        upstream memcache {
        server 127.0.0.1:11211;
        keepalive 512;
        }

    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;


location /memc {
        internal;			//表示只接受内部访问
        memc_connect_timeout 100ms;
        memc_send_timeout 100ms;
        memc_read_timeout 100ms;
        set $memc_key $query_string;	//使用内置的$query_string来作为key
        set $memc_exptime 300;		//表示缓存失效时间
        memc_pass memcache;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            set $key $uri$args;
            srcache_fetch GET /memc $key;##通过Key访问缓存在memc内的东西，速度快
            srcache_store PUT /memc $key;
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi.conf;
        }

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 conf]# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
[root@server1 conf]# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# ab -c10 -n 10000 http://172.25.3.1/example.php##压测，高速下的速度
Requests per second:    4655.69 [#/sec] (mean)

访问策略：当所请求的uri以“.php”结尾时，首先到memcache中查询有没有以 $u r i$ args为key的数据，如果有则直接返回；否则，执行location的逻辑，如果返回的http状态码为200，则在输出前以 $u r i$ args为key，将输入结果存入memcache。

6.nginx并发优化

设置进程数

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
user  nginx nginx;
worker_processes  2;//工作进程数
worker_cpu_affinity 01 10;//cpu有多少个核，就有几位数，1代表内核开启，0代表内核关闭

events {
    use epoll;//使用epoll模型
    worker_connections  65535;//
}

[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload
[root@server1 conf]# ps aux##有两个nginx进程

在这里插入图片描述

%%Linux下高并发socket最大连接数所受的各种限制
[root@server1 conf]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf ##自动生效
nginx   -       nofile  65535##最后添加：修改用户进程可打开文件数限制
#Linux系统级的最大打开文件数限制
fs.file-max = 188414		//和内存容量相关
#修改网络内核对TCP连接的有关限制
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024	65535
#限制接收新 TCP 连接侦听队列的大小
net.core.somaxconn = 2048
#启用tcp连接timewait快速回收和重用
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

[root@server1 conf]# ulimit -a
[root@server1 conf]# sysctl -a | grep file##查看内核
[root@server1 conf]# ll /etc/sysctl.conf ##启用tcp连接timewait快速回收和重用,在文件/etc/sysctl.conf文件里编写全局变量

在这里插入图片描述

%nginx作为反向代理服务器时：cline请求nginx,nginx请求后端，所以除以2； max_clients=worker_processes * worker_connections/2；；；worker_processes//工作进程数；worker_connections//单个工作进程并发连接数
%nginx作为http服务器时：max_clients = worker_processes * worker_connections
##server1做负载均衡，新建server2，3，开启httpd
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf##改动两个
http {
    upstream westos {
    server 172.25.3.2:80;
    server 172.25.3.3:80;
    }
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

        #location / {
        #    root   html;
        #    index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        #}
        location / {
                proxy_pass http://westos;#只要有请求，就到上面定义的westos中
        }


[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload
[root@server1 conf]# curl 172.25.3.1##负载均衡
server2
[root@server1 conf]# curl 172.25.3.1
server3

##负载均衡
在这里插入图片描述

7.nginx平滑升级(不关闭nginx进程下，进行升级回滚)

Nginx如何做到热部署（平滑升级回滚）？
修改配置文件nginx.conf后，重新生成新的worker进程，当然会以新的配置进行处理请求，而且新的请求必须都交给新的worker进程，至于老的worker进程，等把那些以前的请求处理完毕后，kill掉即可。

1)下载nginx新版本软件，正常执行./configure 和make 但不要执行make instal

##下载编译一个新版本1.17.1的nginx，make，不做make install
[root@server1 ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.19.1.tar.gz 
[root@server1 ~]# cd nginx-1.19.1/
[root@server1 nginx-1.19.1]# vim auto/cc/gcc##关闭debug
# debug
#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"
[root@server1 nginx-1.19.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module
[root@server1 nginx-1.19.1]# make##不要make install，目的是得到一个nginx的目录
[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@server1 sbin]# ls
nginx
[root@server1 sbin]# mv nginx nginx.1.18##备份源程序
[root@server1 sbin]# ls
nginx.1.18
[root@server1 sbin]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# cd nginx-1.19.1/objs/
[root@server1 objs]# ls
[root@server1 objs]# cp nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/##拷贝新程序
[root@server1 objs]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@server1 sbin]# ls
nginx  nginx.1.18
[root@server1 sbin]# ./nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.19.1
[root@server1 sbin]# ./nginx.1.18 -v
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0
[root@server1 sbin]# curl -I localhost
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.18.0

2)升级新程序

[root@server1 sbin]# ps ax|grep nginx
 4746 ?        Ss     0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 5319 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 5320 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9397 pts/0    S+     0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@server1 sbin]# kill -USR2 4746##4746是master进程，又启动了一份新的进程
[root@server1 sbin]# ps ax|grep nginx
 4746 ?        Ss     0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 5319 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 5320 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9461 ?        S      0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9462 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9463 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9470 pts/0    S+     0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
##关闭原worker进程但保留主进程：为了回退
[root@server1 sbin]# kill -WINCH 4746##回收旧版本1.18的worker进程.原始的子进程没了，master留着是为了回滚
[root@server1 sbin]# ps ax|grep nginx
 4746 ?        Ss     0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9461 ?        S      0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9462 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9463 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9495 pts/0    S+     0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@server1 sbin]# curl -I localhost
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.19.1

在这里插入图片描述

3)版本回退

[root@server1 sbin]# ls
nginx  nginx.1.18
[root@server1 sbin]# mv nginx nginx.1.19
[root@server1 sbin]# mv nginx.1.18 nginx
[root@server1 sbin]# ps ax|grep nginx
 4746 ?        Ss     0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9461 ?        S      0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9462 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9463 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9661 pts/0    S+     0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@server1 sbin]# kill -HUP 4746##唤醒原进程1.18
[root@server1 sbin]# ps ax|grep nginx
 4746 ?        Ss     0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9461 ?        S      0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9462 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9463 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9685 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9686 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9691 pts/0    S+     0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@server1 sbin]# kill -WINCH 9461##回收新版本1.19的worker进程
[root@server1 sbin]# ps ax|grep nginx
 4746 ?        Ss     0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9461 ?        S      0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9685 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9686 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9705 pts/0    R+     0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

[root@server1 sbin]# curl -I localhost
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.18.0
[root@server1 sbin]# kill -QUIT 9461##关闭新版本主进程

在这里插入图片描述

8.虚拟主机

1)配置虚拟主机

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

##最后添加
server {
        listen 80;  
        server_name     www.westos.org;

        location / {
        proxy_pass http://westos;
        }
}
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name     www.linux.org;
        
        location / {
                root  /web1;
                index   index.html;
        }

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 conf]# ps ax|grep nginx
 4746 ?        Ss     0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9461 ?        S      0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 9685 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
 9686 ?        S      0:00 nginx: worker process
12383 pts/0    R+     0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@server1 conf]# kill -QUIT 9461

2)虚拟主机负载均衡

[root@zhenji images]# vim /etc/hosts
172.25.3.1 server1  mfsmaster controller www.westos.org www.linux.org

[root@zhenji images]# curl www.westos.org
server2
[root@zhenji images]# curl www.westos.org
server3

[root@server1 conf]# mkdir /web1
[root@server1 conf]# cd /web1/
[root@server1 web1]# echo web1 > index.html

[root@zhenji images]# curl www.linux.org
web1

3) nginx 重定向

##需要做认证

[root@server1 ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs/
[root@server1 certs]# ls
ca-bundle.crt        make-dummy-cert  renew-dummy-cert
ca-bundle.trust.crt  Makefile
[root@server1 certs]# pwd
/etc/pki/tls/certs
[root@server1 certs]# make cert.pem
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:cn
State or Province Name (full name) []:shanxi
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:xian
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:westos
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:linux
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:server1
Email Address []:root@westos.org


[root@server1 certs]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf##443去掉注释

    server {
        listen       443 ssl;
        server_name  localhost;

        ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key  cert.pem;##认证目录

        ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  5m;

        ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }


[root@server1 certs]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@server1 certs]# nginx -s reload
[root@server1 certs]# netstat -antlp | grep 443
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:443             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      4746/nginx: master

4)HTTP负载平衡

nginx官网手册：docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/load-balancer/http-load-balancer/

[root@server1 certs]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf##权重；其他server端死掉了，backup本机参与调度
http {
    upstream westos {
    server 172.25.3.2:80 weight=3;
    server 172.25.3.3:80;
    server 127.0.0.1:80 backup;
    }

[root@server1 certs]# nginx -t
[root@server1 certs]# nginx -s reload
[root@zhenji images]# curl www.westos.org

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf##hash,访问时只调度到一个主机
http {
    upstream westos {
    ip_hash;
    server 172.25.3.2:80;
    server 172.25.3.3:80;
    #server 127.0.0.1:80 backup;
    }
[root@server1 certs]# nginx -t
[root@server1 certs]# nginx -s reload
[root@zhenji images]# curl www.westos.org

5)Sticky cookie

客户端的下一个请求包含cookie值，NGINX Plus将请求路由到响应第一个请求的上游服务器

[root@server1 ~]# tar zxf nginx-goodies-nginx-sticky-module0module-ng-08a395c66e42.zip
[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# make clean
[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --add-module=/root/nginx-goodies-nginx-sticky-module-ng-08a395c66e42##在原始的编译参数上进行叠加
[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# make ##不能make install，平滑
[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# cd objs/
[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# nginx -s stop
[root@server1 objs]# cp nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/ -f
[root@server1 objs]# nginx -v
[root@server1 objs]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
http {
    upstream westos {
    sticky;
    server 172.25.2.2:80;
    server 172.25.2.3:80;
    #server 127.0.0.1:80 backup;
    }
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -t
[root@server1 conf]# nginx
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload

网页访问www.westos.org,server2，再刷新还是server2；删除网页缓存，刷新界面会变成server3
在这里插入图片描述

9.安全控制

nginx官方手册：http://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/security-controls/controlling-access-proxied-http/

1)限制一个并发

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
  #gzip  on;
        limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=addr:10m;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
         location /download/ {
        limit_conn addr 1;
        }
##下载一个图片vim.jpg放在/usr/local/nginx/html/download
[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# ab -c 10 -n 10 http://172.25.3.1/download/vim.jpg##10并发，10个请求
Failed requests:        3
###/nginx/logs中可以看日至

在这里插入图片描述

2)nginx限流

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf

server {
location /download/ {
    limit_conn addr 1;		#限制并发数
    limit_rate 50k;			#限制带宽
   }
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -t
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload
[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# ab -c 1 -n 10 http://172.25.3.1/download/vim.jpg
Time taken for tests:   60.078 seconds
##可以去/nginx/logs##看日至

3)队列

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
    #gzip  on;
        limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=addr:10m;
        limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;##1s允许请求一次

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        location /download/ {
            limit_conn addr 1;
            #limit_rate 50;
            limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;##排队,不延时
	    autoindex on;#自动索引，网页访问download时可以直接显示vim.jpg图片
        }
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -t
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload

[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# ab -c 1 -n 10 http://172.25.3.1/download/vim.jpg
Failed requests:        4##自身一个，burst5个，所以失败4个

10.nginx配置管理

1)日志轮询

[root@server1 conf]# date +%F
2021-04-04
[root@server1 conf]# date +%F -d -1day##当前时间减一天
2021-04-03

[root@server1 logs]# cd /opt/
[root@server1 opt]# cat nginx_log.sh 
#!/bin/bash
cd /usr/local/nginx/logs && mv access.log access_$(date +%F -d -1day).log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
[root@server1 opt]# ls
nginx_log.sh
[root@server1 opt]# chmod +x nginx_log.sh 
[root@server1 opt]# ./nginx_log.sh 
[root@server1 opt]# cd /usr/local/nginx/logs/
[root@server1 logs]# ll
total 60
-rw-r--r-- 1 root  root 37799 Apr  4 10:45 access_2021-04-03.log

2)禁用不必要的日志记录，以节省磁盘IO的消耗

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
##location后添加
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png)$ {
            expires 365d;
            root html;
            access_log off;

        }
[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# curl -I http://172.25.3.1/download/vim.jpg
[root@server1 logs]# ll##被访问后日至不会改变
total 68
-rw-r--r-- 1 root  root 37799 Apr  4 10:45 access_2021-04-03.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 nginx root   779 Apr  4 13:55 access.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 nginx root 17752 Apr  4 13:55 error.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root  root     6 Apr  4 09:23 nginx.pid

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf

        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png)$ {
	    deny all;##限制IP
            expires 365d;
            root html;
            access_log off;

        }
[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# curl -I http://172.25.3.1/download/vim.jpg
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden

3)中文乱码

[root@server1 nginx]# cd html/
[root@server1 html]# ls
50x.html  download  index.html  index.php  memcache.php  phpadmin  test.html
[root@server1 html]# vim index.
[root@server1 html]# vim index.html 
<h1>Welcome to nginx! 中文乱码</h1>

网页访问172.25.3.1

在这里插入图片描述

4)重定向(两个)

1、rewrite语法：

指令语法：rewrite regex replacement[flag];
　　默认值：none
　　应用位置：server、location、if
　　rewrite是实现URL重定向的重要指令，他根据regex(正则表达式)来匹配内容跳转到replacement，结尾是flag标记
　　简单的小例子：
rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.baidu.com/ permanent; # 匹配成功后跳转到百度，执行永久301跳转

常用正则表达式：
在这里插入图片描述 rewrite 最后一项flag参数：

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        #return 500;##直接拒绝
        rewrite ^(.*) http://www.westos.org permanent;##permanent301永久重定向到www.westos.org

        #charset koi8-r;

[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# curl -I http://172.25.3.1/download/vim.jpg
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx/1.18.0
Date: Sun, 04 Apr 2021 06:18:47 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 169
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://www.westos.org

在这里插入图片描述

80重定向443

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name     www.westos.org;
        rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.westos.org/$1 permanent;

        #location / {
        #proxy_pass http://westos;
        #}

www.westos.org/bbs 重定向bbs.westos.org

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name     www.linux.org;
        rewrite ^/bbs$ http://bbs.linux.org permanent;
        rewrite ^/bbs/(.*)$ http://bbs.linux.org/$1 permanent;
        location / {
                root  /web1;
                index   index.html;
        }
}
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name     bbs.linux.org;

        location / {
                root  /bbs;
                index   index.html;
        }
}
[root@server1 conf]# mkdir /bbs
[root@server1 conf]# echo bbs.westos.org > /bbs/index.html
[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# curl -I www.linux.org/bbs
[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# curl -I www.linux.org/bbs/linux.html

在这里插入图片描述

bbs.westos.org 重定向www.westos.org/bbs:

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name     www.linux.org bbs.linux.org;
        rewrite ^/bbs$ http://bbs.linux.org permanent;
        rewrite ^/bbs/(.*)$ http://bbs.linux.org/$1 permanent;

        if ($host = "bbs.linux.org"){
        rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.linux.org/bbs/$1 permanent;
        }

        location / {
                root  /web1;
                index   index.html;
        }
[root@server1 conf]# mv /bbs/ /web1/
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload

[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# curl -I bbs.linux.org
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx/1.18.0
Date: Sun, 04 Apr 2021 07:01:22 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 169
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://www.linux.org/bbs/

5)nginx 防盗链

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf##注释所有的重定向
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name     www.westos.org;
        #rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.westos.org/$1 permanent;

        location / {
                root html;
                index index.html;
        #proxy_pass http://westos;
        }
}
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name     www.linux.org bbs.linux.org;
        #rewrite ^/bbs$ http://bbs.linux.org permanent;
        #rewrite ^/bbs/(.*)$ http://bbs.linux.org/$1 permanent;

网页http://172.25.3.1/download/vim.jpg

[root@server2 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@server2 html]# ls
index.html
[root@server2 html]# vim index.html 
[root@server2 html]# cat index.html 
<body>
<img src="http://www.westos.org/download/vim.jpg"/>
</body>

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name     www.westos.org;
        #rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.westos.org/$1 permanent;

        location / {
                root html;
                index index.html;
        #proxy_pass http://westos;
        }
        location ~ \.(jpg|png)$ {
                valid_referers none blocked www.westos.org;
                if ($invalid_referer) {
                        #return 403;
                        rewrite ^/ http://172.25.3.3/daolian.jpg;
                }
        }

}

网页http://daolian.westos.org/,不是vim.jpg，而是被重定向到了daolian.jpg

6)日志可视化

[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# scp goaccess-1.4.tar.gz server1:
[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# scp GeoIP-devel-1.5.0-13.el7.x86_64.rpm server1:
[root@server1 ~]#  wget https://tar.goaccess.io/goaccess-1.4.tar.gz
[root@server1 ~]# tar -xzvf goaccess-1.4.tar.gz
[root@server1 ~]# cd goaccess-1.4/
[root@server1 goaccess-1.4]# ./configure --enable-utf8 --enable-geoip=legacy
[root@server1 goaccess-1.4]# make
[root@server1 goaccess-1.4]# make install
[root@server1 goaccess-1.4]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
注释#access_log off;
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload
[root@server1 conf]# cd /usr/local/nginx/logs/
[root@server1 logs]# goaccess access.log -o /usr/local/nginx/html/report.html --log-format=COMBINED --real-time-html####时时更新，ctrl+C退出

注释所有的重定向，清理网页缓存，网页访问http://172.25.3.1/report.html
在这里插入图片描述

7)tomcat

[root@server2 ~]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.37.tar.gz  jdk-8u121-linux-x64.rpm
[root@server2 ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u121-linux-x64.rpm 
[root@server2 ~]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-7.0.37.tar.gz
[root@server2 ~]# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.37 /usr/local/tomcat
[root@server2 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat
[root@server2 tomcat]# ls
bin  conf  lib  LICENSE  logs  NOTICE  RELEASE-NOTES  RUNNING.txt  temp  webapps  work
[root@server2 tomcat]# cd

[root@server2 tomcat]# bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@server2 tomcat]# netstat -antlp

tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      4994/java

在这里插入图片描述网页访问http://172.25.3.2:8080/

在这里插入图片描述

2，3上都安装tomcat，进行负载均衡

[root@server3 ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u121-linux-x64.rpm 
[root@server3 ~]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-7.0.37.tar.gz
[root@server3 ~]# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.37 /usr/local/tomcat
[root@server3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat
[root@server3 tomcat]# bin/startup.sh 
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
##改两个地方
http {
    upstream westos {
    sticky;
    server 172.25.3.2:80;
    server 172.25.3.3:80;
    #server 127.0.0.1:80 backup;
    }
    upstream tomcat {
    sticky;
    server 172.25.3.2:8080;
    server 172.25.3.3:8080;
}

        location ~ \.jsp$ {
            proxy_pass   http://tomcat;
        }

[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload
[root@server2 tomcat]# cd webapps/ROOT/
[root@server2 ROOT]# ls
asf-logo.png       bg-nav-item.png  favicon.ico        tomcat.gif        WEB-INF
asf-logo-wide.gif  bg-nav.png       index.jsp          tomcat.png
bg-button.png      bg-upper.png     RELEASE-NOTES.txt  tomcat-power.gif
bg-middle.png      build.xml        tomcat.css         tomcat.svg
[root@server2 ROOT]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT

[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# scp test.jsp server2:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT
[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# scp test.jsp server3:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT

网页访问http://172.25.3.1/test.jsp
在这里插入图片描述

11.交叉存储

在这里插入图片描述

[root@zhenji 2021-4-3]# scp -r jar server2:

[root@server2 ~]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.37.tar.gz  jar  jdk-8u121-linux-x64.rpm
[root@server2 ~]# cd jar/
[root@server2 jar]# ls
asm-3.2.jar                              memcached-session-manager-tc7-1.6.3.jar
kryo-1.04.jar                            minlog-1.2.jar
kryo-serializers-0.10.jar                msm-kryo-serializer-1.6.3.jar
memcached-session-manager-1.6.3.jar      reflectasm-1.01.jar
memcached-session-manager-tc6-1.6.3.jar  spymemcached-2.7.3.jar

[root@server2 jar]# rm -fr memcached-session-manager-tc6-1.6.3.jar
[root@server2 jar]# cp * /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
[root@server2 jar]# scp * root@172.25.3.3:/usr/local/tomcat/lib/

[root@server2 jar]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/context.xml
<Context>
......
<Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
memcachedNodes="n1:172.25.3.2:11211,n2:172.25.3.3:11211"
failoverNodes="n1"#在 node2 上此项设置为“n2”
requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
/>
</Context>

[root@server2 conf]# yum install memcached -y
[root@server2 conf]# systemctl enable --now memcached
[root@server2 conf]# cd ..
[root@server2 tomcat]# bin/shudown.sh
[root@server2 tomcat]# bin/startup.sh
##正常是找对方，出现故障时找自己。3出现故障时会由2接管，2会从3上提取数据，所以2出故障的数据也不会丢

[root@server3 jar]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/context.xml
<Context>
......
<Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
memcachedNodes="n1:172.25.3.2:11211,n2:172.25.3.3:11211"
failoverNodes="n2"#在 node2 上此项设置为“n2”
requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
/>
</Context>

[root@server3 conf]# yum install memcached -y
[root@server3 conf]# systemctl enable --now memcached
[root@server3 lib]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@server2 tomcat]# bin/shudown.sh
[root@server3 tomcat]# bin/startup.sh 
[root@server3 tomcat]# cd logs/
[root@server2 logs]# cat catalina.out ##说明开启成功
INFO: MemcachedSessionService finished initialization, sticky true, operation timeout 1000, with node ids [n2] and failover node ids [n1]

在这里插入图片描述

网页增加user1,user2

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server3 tomcat]# bin/shutdown.sh ##关掉server3后，再关掉server2所有的数据都会丢失

网页增加user3

server3的bin/shutdown.sh 后会自动跳转到server2上，且挂掉后的数据user3依然保存

bin/shutdown.sh

[root@server3 tomcat]# yum install telnet -y
[root@server3 tomcat]# telnet localhost 11211###有user3
Wx�	�x�701x�7ux�7x#D3412FC78DF8319FA8F3650AE3EC3DD1-n2user1111user2222user3333
END
quit

get 网页上的ID

在这里插入图片描述

网页增加user4,user5

[root@server2 logs]# systemctl stop memcached
[root@server2 logs]# systemctl stop memcached##关掉server3后，再关掉server2所有的数据都会丢失，但关掉memcache不会
网页增加user4,user5
[root@server3 tomcat]# telnet localhost 11211##有user4,user5
Wx�	�x�P01x�P$x�P$#D3412FC78DF8319FA8F3650AE3EC3DD1-n2user1111user2222uesr5555user3333user4444
END
quit

在这里插入图片描述

qiao_qing

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