查看linux启动过程的命令

dmesg

附：87启动过程

Linux version 2.4.21-4.EL (bhcompile@daffy.perf.redhat.com) (gcc version 3.2.3 20030502 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.3-20)) #1 Fri Oct 3 18:13:58 EDT 2003
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
 BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable)
 BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)
 BIOS-e820: 00000000000f0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)
 BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 0000000027ff0000 (usable)
 BIOS-e820: 0000000027ff0000 - 0000000027ff8000 (ACPI data)
 BIOS-e820: 0000000027ff8000 - 0000000028000000 (ACPI NVS)
 BIOS-e820: 00000000ffff0000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)
0MB HIGHMEM available.
639MB LOWMEM available.
On node 0 totalpages: 163824
zone(0): 4096 pages.
zone(1): 159728 pages.
zone(2): 0 pages.
Kernel command line: ro root=LABEL=/
Initializing CPU#0
Detected 797.998 MHz processor.
Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
Calibrating delay loop... 1592.52 BogoMIPS
Memory: 640236k/655296k available (1524k kernel code, 12496k reserved, 1086k data, 164k init, 0k highmem)
zapping low mappings.
Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
Inode cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
Mount cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
Buffer cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
Page-cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
CPU: L1 I cache: 16K, L1 D cache: 16K
CPU: L2 cache: 256K
CPU serial number disabled.
Intel machine check architecture supported.
Intel machine check reporting enabled on CPU#0.
CPU:     After generic, caps: 0383f9ff 00000000 00000000 00000000
CPU:             Common caps: 0383f9ff 00000000 00000000 00000000
CPU: Intel Pentium III (Coppermine) stepping 06
Enabling fast FPU save and restore... done.
Enabling unmasked SIMD FPU exception support... done.
Checking 'hlt' instruction... OK.
POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX
Process timing init...done.
mtrr: v1.40 (20010327) Richard Gooch (rgooch@atnf.csiro.au)
mtrr: detected mtrr type: Intel
PCI: PCI BIOS revision 2.10 entry at 0xfdb01, last bus=1
PCI: Using configuration type 1
PCI: Probing PCI hardware
PCI: Using IRQ router VIA [1106/0686] at 00:07.0
isapnp: Scanning for PnP cards...
isapnp: No Plug & Play device found
Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4
Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039
Initializing RT netlink socket
apm: BIOS version 1.2 Flags 0x03 (Driver version 1.16)
Total HugeTLB memory allocated, 0
Starting kswapd
VFS: Disk quotas vdquot_6.5.1
aio_setup: num_physpages = 40956
aio_setup: sizeof(struct page) = 56
Hugetlbfs mounted.
pty: 2048 Unix98 ptys configured
Serial driver version 5.05c (2001-07-08) with MANY_PORTS MULTIPORT SHARE_IRQ SERIAL_PCI ISAPNP enabled
ttyS0 at 0x03f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A
ttyS1 at 0x02f8 (irq = 3) is a 16550A
Real Time Clock Driver v1.10e
NET4: Frame Diverter 0.46
RAMDISK driver initialized: 256 RAM disks of 8192K size 1024 blocksize
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00beta4-2.4
ide: Assuming 33MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx
VP_IDE: IDE controller at PCI slot 00:07.1
VP_IDE: chipset revision 6
VP_IDE: not 100% native mode: will probe irqs later
ide: Assuming 33MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx
VP_IDE: VIA vt82c686b (rev 40) IDE UDMA100 controller on pci00:07.1
    ide0: BM-DMA at 0xffa0-0xffa7, BIOS settings: hda:DMA, hdb:pio
    ide1: BM-DMA at 0xffa8-0xffaf, BIOS settings: hdc:DMA, hdd:pio
hda: FUJITSU MPF3204AT, ATA DISK drive
blk: queue c0417e80, I/O limit 4095Mb (mask 0xffffffff)
hdc: SAMSUNG CD-ROM SC-148T, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive
ide0 at 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6 on irq 14
ide1 at 0x170-0x177,0x376 on irq 15
hda: attached ide-disk driver.
hda: host protected area => 1
hda: 40031712 sectors (20496 MB) w/512KiB Cache, CHS=2491/255/63, UDMA(66)
ide-floppy driver 0.99.newide
Partition check:
 hda: hda1 hda2 hda3
ide-floppy driver 0.99.newide
md: md driver 0.90.0 MAX_MD_DEVS=256, MD_SB_DISKS=27
md: Autodetecting RAID arrays.
md: autorun ...
md: ... autorun DONE.
Initializing Cryptographic API
NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0
IP: routing cache hash table of 8192 buckets, 64Kbytes
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 262144 bind 65536)
Linux IP multicast router 0.06 plus PIM-SM
Initializing IPsec netlink socket
NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0.
RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
Freeing initrd memory: 161k freed
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
Journalled Block Device driver loaded
kjournald starting.  Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
Freeing unused kernel memory: 164k freed
usb.c: registered new driver usbdevfs
usb.c: registered new driver hub
usb-uhci.c: $Revision: 1.275 $ time 18:21:59 Oct  3 2003
usb-uhci.c: High bandwidth mode enabled
PCI: Found IRQ 11 for device 00:07.3
PCI: Sharing IRQ 11 with 00:07.2
usb-uhci.c: USB UHCI at I/O 0xdc00, IRQ 11
usb-uhci.c: Detected 2 ports
usb.c: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
hub.c: USB hub found
hub.c: 2 ports detected
PCI: Found IRQ 11 for device 00:07.2
PCI: Sharing IRQ 11 with 00:07.3
usb-uhci.c: USB UHCI at I/O 0xd800, IRQ 11
usb-uhci.c: Detected 2 ports
usb.c: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
hub.c: USB hub found
hub.c: 2 ports detected
usb-uhci.c: v1.275:USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
usb.c: registered new driver hiddev
usb.c: registered new driver hid
hid-core.c: v1.8.1 Andreas Gal, Vojtech Pavlik <vojtech@suse.cz>
hid-core.c: USB HID support drivers
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
EXT3 FS 2.4-0.9.19, 19 August 2002 on ide0(3,3), internal journal
Adding Swap: 1020116k swap-space (priority -1)
kjournald starting.  Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3 FS 2.4-0.9.19, 19 August 2002 on ide0(3,1), internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
parport0: PC-style at 0x378 (0x778) [PCSPP,TRISTATE]
parport_pc: Via 686A parallel port: io=0x378
inserting floppy driver for 2.4.21-4.EL
Floppy drive(s): fd0 is 1.44M
FDC 0 is a post-1991 82077
via-rhine.c:v1.10-LK1.1.18  July-4-2003  Written by Donald Becker
  http://www.scyld.com/network/via-rhine.html
PCI: Found IRQ 5 for device 00:0a.0
PCI: Sharing IRQ 5 with 00:0e.0
divert: allocating divert_blk for eth0
eth0: VIA VT6102 Rhine-II at 0xd400, 00:50:ba:27:dd:f4, IRQ 5.
eth0: MII PHY found at address 8, status 0x782d advertising 01e1 Link 40a1.
divert: freeing divert_blk for eth0
ip_tables: (C) 2000-2002 Netfilter core team
ip_conntrack version 2.1 (5119 buckets, 40952 max) - 304 bytes per conntrack
via-rhine.c:v1.10-LK1.1.18  July-4-2003  Written by Donald Becker
  http://www.scyld.com/network/via-rhine.html
PCI: Found IRQ 5 for device 00:0a.0
PCI: Sharing IRQ 5 with 00:0e.0
divert: allocating divert_blk for eth0
eth0: VIA VT6102 Rhine-II at 0xd400, 00:50:ba:27:dd:f4, IRQ 5.
eth0: MII PHY found at address 8, status 0x782d advertising 01e1 Link 40a1.