对于序列化和反序列化的理解

一、什么是序列化和反序列化

序列化是将对象状态转换为可保持或传输的格式的过程。与序列化相对的是反序列化，它将流转换为对象。这两个过程结合起来，可以轻松地存储和传输数据。

二、XmlSerializer对象的xml序列化和反序列化

1）简单的xml序列化

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class  Program {      static  void  Main( string [] args)      {          int  i = 10;          //声明Xml序列化对象实例serializer         //指定类型          XmlSerializer serializer =  new  XmlSerializer( typeof ( int ));          //执行序列化并将序列化结果输出到控制台          serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, i);          Console.Read();      } }

在控制台输出结果：

<? xml  version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?> < int >10</ int >

xml进行反序列化：

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static  void  Main( string [] args) {      using  (StringReader rdr =  new  StringReader( @"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""gb2312""?> <int>10</int>" ))      {          //声明序列化对象实例serializer          XmlSerializer serializer =  new  XmlSerializer( typeof ( int ));          //反序列化，并将反序列化结果值赋给变量i          int  i = ( int )serializer.Deserialize(rdr);          //输出反序列化结果          Console.WriteLine( "i = "  + i);          Console.Read();      } }

2）自定义对象的序列化

namespace  UseXmlSerialization

{

     class  Program

     {

         static  void  Main( string [] args)

         {

             //声明一个猫咪对象

             var  c =  new  Cat { Color =  "White" , Speed = 10, Saying =  "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat"  };

 

             //序列化这个对象

             XmlSerializer serializer =  new  XmlSerializer( typeof (Cat));

 

             //将对象序列化输出到控制台

             serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, c);

 

             Console.Read();

         }

     }

 

     [XmlRoot( "cat" )]

     public  class  Cat

     {

         //定义Color属性的序列化为cat节点的属性

         [XmlAttribute( "color" )]

         public  string  Color {  get ;  set ; }

 

         //要求不序列化Speed属性

         [XmlIgnore]

         public  int  Speed {  get ;  set ; }

 

         //设置Saying属性序列化为Xml子元素

         [XmlElement( "saying" )]

         public  string  Saying {  get ;  set ; }

     }

}

namespace  UseXmlSerialization

{

     class  Program

     {

         static  void  Main( string [] args)

         {

             //声明一个猫咪对象

             var  c =  new  Cat { Color =  "White" , Speed = 10, Saying =  "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat"  };

 

             //序列化这个对象

             XmlSerializer serializer =  new  XmlSerializer( typeof (Cat));

 

             //将对象序列化输出到控制台

             serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, c);

 

             Console.Read();

         }

     }

 

     [XmlRoot( "cat" )]

     public  class  Cat

     {

         //定义Color属性的序列化为cat节点的属性

         [XmlAttribute( "color" )]

         public  string  Color {  get ;  set ; }

 

         //要求不序列化Speed属性

         [XmlIgnore]

         public  int  Speed {  get ;  set ; }

 

         //设置Saying属性序列化为Xml子元素

         [XmlElement( "saying" )]

         public  string  Saying {  get ;  set ; }

     }

}

namespace  UseXmlSerialization

{

     class  Program

     {

         static  void  Main( string [] args)

         {

             //声明一个猫咪对象

             var  c =  new  Cat { Color =  "White" , Speed = 10, Saying =  "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat"  };

 

             //序列化这个对象

             XmlSerializer serializer =  new  XmlSerializer( typeof (Cat));

 

             //将对象序列化输出到控制台

             serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, c);

 

             Console.Read();

         }

     }

 

     [XmlRoot( "cat" )]

     public  class  Cat

     {

         //定义Color属性的序列化为cat节点的属性

         [XmlAttribute( "color" )]

         public  string  Color {  get ;  set ; }

 

         //要求不序列化Speed属性

         [XmlIgnore]

         public  int  Speed {  get ;  set ; }

 

         //设置Saying属性序列化为Xml子元素

         [XmlElement( "saying" )]

         public  string  Saying {  get ;  set ; }

     }

}

3）对象数组的序列化

using  System;

using  System.Collections.Generic;

using  System.Linq;

using  System.Text;

using  System.Xml.Serialization;

 

namespace  UseXmlSerialization

{

     class  Program

     {

         static  void  Main( string [] args)

         {

             //声明一个猫咪对象

             var  cWhite =  new  Cat { Color =  "White" , Speed = 10, Saying =  "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat"  };

             var  cBlack =  new  Cat { Color =  "Black" , Speed = 10, Saying =  "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat"  };

 

             CatCollection cc =  new  CatCollection { Cats =  new  Cat[] { cWhite,cBlack} };

 

             //序列化这个对象

             XmlSerializer serializer =  new  XmlSerializer( typeof (CatCollection));

 

             //将对象序列化输出到控制台

             serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, cc);

 

             Console.Read();

         }

     }

 

     [XmlRoot( "cats" )]

     public  class  CatCollection

     {

         [XmlArray( "items" ),XmlArrayItem( "item" )]

         public  Cat[] Cats {  get ;  set ; }

     }

 

     [XmlRoot( "cat" )]

     public  class  Cat

     {

         //定义Color属性的序列化为cat节点的属性

         [XmlAttribute( "color" )]

         public  string  Color {  get ;  set ; }

 

         //要求不序列化Speed属性

         [XmlIgnore]

         public  int  Speed {  get ;  set ; }

 

         //设置Saying属性序列化为Xml子元素

         [XmlElement( "saying" )]

         public  string  Saying {  get ;  set ; }

     }

}

控制台输出结果：

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<? xml  version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?> < cats  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://ww w.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">    < items >      < item  color="White">        < saying >White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat</ saying >      </ item >      < item  color="Black">        < saying >White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat</ saying >      </ item >    </ items > </ cats >