java中枚举和反射结合的例子

描述：根据不同的标识，获得不同的user对象

方法一：使用if else进行判断：

一旦分支多太多，逻辑复杂，会导致代码十分冗长，增加阅读难度；第二，违背了开闭原则。如果需要增加或减少分支，需要改动if…else if，增大因代码改动而出错的风险。

if("A".equals(type)){
       //AAA
}else if（"B".equals(type)）{
       //BBB
}else{
       //CCC
}

方法二：用枚举和反射

创建一个枚举类

package com.example.usersport.demofanshe;

public enum UserEnum {
    AUSER("A","com.example.usersport.demofanshe.AUser"),
    BUSER("B","com.example.usersport.demofanshe.BUser"),
    CUSER("C","com.example.usersport.demofanshe.CUser");

    //User类对应的type
    private String type;
    //User类的类名
    private String UserClassName;
    private UserEnum(String type,String UserClassName){
        this.type=type;
        this.UserClassName=UserClassName;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public String getUserClassName() {
        return UserClassName;
    }

    public static String getUserClassName(String type) {
        for(UserEnum user:UserEnum.values()){
            if(user.getType().equals(type)){
                return user.getUserClassName();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
    
}

创建一个包含用户信息的类

package com.example.usersport.demofanshe;


/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author: 
 * @Date: 2021/8/12
 */
public class SendMessage {

    private String desc;

    private String name;

    private String address;

    private int age;

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    public void setDesc(String desc) {
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "SendMessage{" +
                "desc='" + desc + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

定义一个接口类User

package com.example.usersport.demofanshe;

public interface User {

    SendMessage descMethod();
}

定义一个接口实现类AUser

package com.example.usersport.demofanshe;
/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author:
 * @Date: 2021/8/12
 */
public class AUser implements User {
    @Override
    public SendMessage descMethod() {

        SendMessage send = new SendMessage();
        System.out.println("进入了AUser");
        send.setAddress("北京北京");
        send.setName("张三");
        send.setAge(15);
        return send;
    }

}

定义一个接口实现类BUser

package com.example.usersport.demofanshe;

/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author: 
 * @Date: 2021/8/12
 */
public class BUser implements User {
    @Override
    public SendMessage descMethod() {

        SendMessage send = new SendMessage();
        System.out.println("进入了BUser");
        send.setAddress("上海");
        send.setName("李四");
        send.setAge(18);
        return send;
    }

}

定义一个接口实现类CUser

package com.example.usersport.demofanshe;
/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author:
 * @Date: 2021/8/12
 */
public class CUser implements User {
    @Override
    public SendMessage descMethod() {

        SendMessage send = new SendMessage();
        System.out.println("进入了CUser，默认");
        send.setAddress("杭州");
        send.setName("旺旺");
        send.setAge(18);
        return send;
    }

}

测试类

package com.example.usersport.demofanshe;

/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author:
 * @Date: 2021/8/12
 */
public class CreateUser {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        User userField = createUser("B");
        SendMessage sendField = userField.descMethod();
        System.out.println(sendField.toString());

    }

    public static User createUser(String type) throws Exception{
        String userClassName= UserEnum.getUserClassName(type);
        if(userClassName == null){
        //将C类型设置成默认类型
            userClassName=UserEnum.getUserClassName("C");
        }
        Class clazz = Class.forName(userClassName);
        return (User)clazz.newInstance();
    }
    
}

结果展示：