数据结构及算法基础 之图（一）邻接矩阵

 
 

一、图结构介绍

图的定义与术语（必看）：http://www.360doc.com/content/17/0714/10/17799864_671231489.shtml

 

二、邻接矩阵

  简单理解就是用一个二维矩阵（二维数组）来存储。按照标记来查看此边是否存在。邻接矩阵为每一种情况都做好了空间预存。

  适用场景：使用于稠密的图，可以快速定位到指定的边，但是如果是稀疏的图，会比较浪费空间。

 

三、代码实现

matrixGraph.h：

#ifndef __GRAPH__H   
#define __GRAPH__H  
 
/*邻接矩阵*/         
#define MAX_VERTEX 100  /*最大顶点数*/
typedef char  vertexType;  /*顶点类型（如a,b,c则是char类型）*/
typedef int  weightType;   /*权重*/ 
 
  
typedef struct _matrixGraph {
     vertexType vertex[MAX_VERTEX];
     weightType martix[MAX_VERTEX][MAX_VERTEX]; 
     int numEages, numVertex;  
}matrixGraph;        
  
  
#endif

matrixGraph.c

#include <stdio.h>
include <stdlib.h>
include "graph.h"
include <string.h>
 
#define OrthogonalList
#ifdef MATRIX
 
int locateGraph(matrixGraph *graph, vertexType c)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < graph->numVertex; i++) {
        if (graph->vertex[i] == c)
            return i;
    }
    return -1;
}
 
 
int printfGraph(matrixGraph *graph)
{
    int i, j;
    for(i = 0; i < graph->numVertex; i ++) {
        for (j = 0; j < graph->numVertex; j ++) {
            printf("%d ", graph->martix[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}
 
 
/*创建邻接矩阵*/
int crateMatrixGraph(matrixGraph *graph)
{
    int i, j, k, w;
    vertexType x,y;
     
    printf("input numEages:");         /*输入边数与顶点数量 int类型*/
    scanf("%d", &(graph->numEages));
    printf("input numVertex:");
    scanf("%d", &(graph->numVertex));
     
    if (graph->numVertex > MAX_VERTEX)
        return -1;
         
    for (i = 0; i < graph->numVertex; i++) { /*输入顶点*/
        printf("input vertex:");
        graph->vertex[i] = getchar();
        while(graph->vertex[i] == '\n')
            graph->vertex[i] = getchar();
    }
 
    for (i = 0; i < graph->numVertex; i ++) { /*初始化矩阵*/
        for (j = 0; j < graph->numVertex; j ++)
            graph->martix[i][j] = 0;
    }
     
    getchar();
    for (k = 0; k < graph->numEages; k ++) {
        printf("input vertex and weight:\n"); /*输入边的两个顶点和权重*/
        // 顶点x
        x = getchar();
        while(x == '\n')
            x = getchar();
        // 顶点y
        y = getchar();
        while(y == '\n')
            y = getchar();
        // 权重w
        scanf("%d", &w);
        //scanf("%c,%c,%d", &x, &y, &w);
        i = locateGraph(graph, x);  // 定位x在数组中的位置
        j = locateGraph(graph, y);  // ...
        if (i == -1 || j == -1) {
            printf("input error\n");
            k --;
            continue;
        }
        /*无向图 对称矩阵*/
        graph->martix[i][j] = w;
        graph->martix[j][i] = graph->martix[i][j];
    }
     
    return 0;
}
#endif

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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