arm-linux 交叉工具链制作

 

交叉编译工具可以通过以下方式获取：

1. 通过现有GNU tools 编译GNU tools源码来获取交叉编译工具。这种方法需要对GNU tools各个源码之间的版本匹配。

2.使用Dan Kegel开发的cross-tool脚本来编译源码。 该脚本是0.43版，本2006后没有新的版本出来。

3.在http://ftp.arm.linux.org.uk/pub/armlinux/toolchain/下载已经编译好的tools chains.

4.http://www.handhelds.org/download/projects/toolchain/ 下载已经编译好的tool chains.

5.http://www.denx.de/en/Software/WebHome 下载已经编译好的tool chains，他称之为ELDK.

   //同时这家公司还是U-boot的开发者。

6. http://trac.cross-lfs.org 通过CLFS介绍的方法进行编译。

 

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宿主机的安装和配置：

我用的是Fedora 10系统可从http://fedoraproject.org/zh_CN/get-fedora获得，其他系统没有进行试验。

 

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所需软件包：

<1>binutils-2.19.tar.bz2

<2>linux-2.6.33.tar.bz2

<3> GCC

gcc-4.4.3.tar.gz

gmp-4.3.1.tar.bz2

mpfr-2.4.1.tar.gz

<4>Glibc

glibc-2.9.tar.bz2

glibc-ports-2.9.tar.bz2

/*里面的版本和其他稍微有所不同，至于glibc的补丁我没有找到但经过实际测试，发现不打补丁也可正常编译通过*/

 

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编译步骤

step1: 创建目录和设定环境变量

mkdir -p /opt/package/cross-tools/source

mkdir -p /opt/package/cross-tools/build

mkdir -p /opt/cross-tools

export HOST=i686-pc-linux-gnu

export TARGET=arm-rui-linux-gnueabi

export PREFIX=/opt/cross-tools

 

 

step2:将下载的软件包放到source目录中

 

step3:编译binutils:

cd /opt/package/cross-tools/source

tar -jvxf binutils-2.19.tar.bz2

cd /opt/package/cross-tools/build

mkdir build-binutils

cd build-binutils

#../../source/ binutils-2.19/configure /

        --target=$TARGET /

        --prefix=$PREFIX /

        --disable-nls /

        --disable-werror /

        --disable-multilib /

        --enable-shared 

make configure-host

make

make install

step4:制作linux内核头文件

cd /opt/package/cross-tools/source

     tar -jvxf linux-2.6.33.tar.bz2

cd linux-2.6.33

    make  /

      ARCH=arm  /

       CROSS_COMPILE=${TARGET}-  /

       INSTALL_HDR_PATH=${PREFIX}/${ TARGET}   /

       headers_install

/*指定ARCH=arm表示拷贝对应于ARM体系结构的头文件。虽然其中指定了 CROSS_COMPILE， 而此时交叉编译器还没有生成，这没有关系，因为根本不会用到交叉编译器*/

/

step5: 编译静态gcc

cd /opt/package/cross-tools/source

tar -xzvf gcc-4.4.3.tar.gz

tar -jvxf gmp-4.3.1.tar.bz2

mv gmp-4.3.1 ./gcc-4.4.3/gmp

tar -xzvf mpfr-2.4.1.tar.gz

mv mpfr-2.4.1 ./gcc-4.4.3/mpfr

cd /opt/package/cross-tools/build

mkdir build-gcc

cd build-gcc

../../source/gcc-4.4.3/configure --target=$TARGET --prefix=$PREFIX --disable-shared --disable-threads --disable-nls --with-newlib --enable-languages=c --without-headers --with-sysroot=$PREFIX --disable-multilib --disable-decimal-float --disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap --disable-libssp

make

make install

/*有时出错：checking for C compiler default output file name... configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables 可以尝试取消环境变量的设置

cat >> ~/.bashrc << EOF

unset CFLAGS

unset CXXFLAGS

EOF

其命令中已经将已经gmp-4.3.1.tar.bz2、mpfr-2.4.1.tar.gz解包并拷贝到了gcc的根目录下若没有这两个包gcc无法编译这是gcc4.3以后新引入的依赖*/

/

step6:编译glibc

export PATH= $PREFIX /bin:$PATH

cd /opt/package/cross-tools/source

tar -jxvf glibc-2.9.tar.bz2

tar -jxvf glibc-ports-2.9.tar.bz2

mv glibc-ports-2.9 ./glibc-2.9/ports

cd /opt/package/cross-tools/build

mkdir build-glibc

cd build-glibc

为了使Glibc 支持NPTL ，需要在Glibc 编译目录下建立config.cache 文件并写入：

cat > config.cache << EOF

libc_cv_forced_unwind=yes

libc_cv_c_cleanup=yes

libc_cv_arm_tls=yes

libc_cv_gnu89_inline=yes

EOF

BUILD_CC=gcc CC=$TARGET-gcc AR=$TARGET-ar RANLIB=$TARGET-ranlib ../../source/glibc-2.9/configure --build=$HOST  --host=$TARGET --target=$TARGET --prefix="/usr"  --with-headers=$PREFIX/$TARGET/include --with-binutils=$PREFIX/bin  --with-__thread --enable-sim --enable-nptl --disable-profile --enable-add-ons --with-tls --without-gd --without-cvs --cache-file=config.cache

make

make install_root=$PREFIX/$TARGET prefix="" install

对 libc.so 的修正·

vi $PREFIX /${TARGET}/lib/libc.so

去掉绝对路径，修改后的内容如下：

/* GNU ld script

    Use the shared library, but some functions are only in

    the static library, so try that secondarily. */

OUTPUT_FORMAT(elf32-littlearm)

GROUP ( libc.so.6 libc_nonshared.a AS_NEEDED ( ld-linux.so.3 ) )

//

step7 编译完整的gcc

cd /opt/package/cross-tools/build/build-gcc

rm -rf *

../../source/gcc-4.4.0/configure --build=$HOST  --host=$HOST  --target=$TARGET --prefix=$PREFIX --with-float=soft  --enable-languages=c,c++  --enable-threads=posix  --enable-c99  --enable-long-long  --enable-shared  --enable-__cxa_atexit  --enable-nls  --disable-libgomp

//这的选项可以与第一遍的时候相同。

make

make install

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注：一些编译选项的介绍参见其他文章。

参考文章:

http://blog.csdn.net/ruixj/archive/2009/05/30/4225886.aspx

http://cross-lfs.org/view/clfs-sysroot/arm/cross-tools/linux-headers.html

http://blog.csdn.net/chenzhixin/archive/2007/01/12/1481442.aspx