Java反射的学习

1.获取class对象

/**
 * @author qx
 * @date 2023-05-05
 * @Descripion: 反射获取class
 */
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
       // Class类中的静态方法
        Class<?> c = Class.forName("seven.Student");
        System.out.println(c);
        
        // 直接调用class
        Class<Student> aClass = Student.class;
        System.out.println(aClass);

        // 对象调用getClass方法
        Student student = new Student();
        Class<? extends Student> studentClass = student.getClass();
        System.out.println(studentClass);
    }
}

程序执行结果:

class seven.Student
class seven.Student
class seven.Student

2.获取类中的构造器

获取全部public的构造器 getConstructors()

class Student {

    private String name;
    private int age;

    private Student() {
        System.out.println("无参数构造器执行!");
    }

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        System.out.println("有参数构造器执行!");
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

public class TestStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取类对象
        Class<Student> c = Student.class;
        // 获取类中全部公开的构造器
        Constructor<?>[] constructors = c.getConstructors();
        //遍历
        for (Constructor<?> constructor : constructors) {
            // getParameterCount获取参数个数
            System.out.println(constructor.getName() + "=>" + constructor.getParameterCount());
        }
    }
}

程序执行结果:

seven.Student=>2

获取全部的构造器  包含私有 getConstructors()

class Student {

    private String name;
    private int age;

    private Student() {
        System.out.println("无参数构造器执行!");
    }

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        System.out.println("有参数构造器执行!");
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}
public class TestStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取类对象
        Class<Student> c = Student.class;
        // 获取类中全部的构造器 包含私有
        Constructor<?>[] constructors = c.getDeclaredConstructors();
        //遍历
        for (Constructor<?> constructor : constructors) {
            // getParameterCount获取参数个数
            System.out.println(constructor.getName() + "=>" + constructor.getParameterCount());
        }
    }
}

程序执行结果:

seven.Student=>0
seven.Student=>2

获取类中无参数构造器  getConstructor()

public class TestStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchMethodException {
        //获取类对象
        Class<Student> c = Student.class;
        // 获取类中无参数构造器
        Constructor constructor = c.getConstructor();
        System.out.println(constructor.getName() + "=>" + constructor.getParameterCount());
    }
}

程序执行结果

seven.Student=>0

获取类中无参数私有构造器 getDeclaredConstructor

public class TestStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchMethodException {
        //获取类对象
        Class<Student> c = Student.class;
        // 获取类中无参数构造器
        Constructor constructor = c.getDeclaredConstructor();
        System.out.println(constructor.getName() + "=>" + constructor.getParameterCount());
    }
}