文件上传：
三种上传方案
1、上传到tomcat服务器 (不推荐)
弊端：
a.上传后需要刷新一遍，图片才会出来
b.重启tomcat图片会丢失
2、上传到指定文件目录，添加服务器与真实目录的映射关系，从而解耦上传文件与tomcat的关系
文件服务器
图片上传到 d:/uploadImages/2019/08/23/20190823100951.png
访问：http://www.javaxl.com/uploadImages/2019/08/23/20190823100951.png
ip+port
file:///E:/temp/237/stationmaster_img.png
/upload/7.png
3、在数据库表中建立二进制字段，将图片存储到数据库 (淘汰)
弊端：
a.占用空间大
b.查询耗时长
代码展示：
clzList.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/QWF" prefix="z" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>书籍主页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>小说目录</h2>
<br>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_list.action"
method="post">
书名：<input type="text" name="cname"> <input type="submit"
value="确定">
</form>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preSave.action">新增</a>
<table border="1" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>编号</td>
<td>班级名称</td>
<td>教员</td>
<td>图片</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${result }" var="c">
<tr>
<td>${c.cid }</td>
<td>${c.cname }</td>
<td>${c.cteacher }</td>
<td>
<img style="height: 60px;width: 100px;" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}${c.pic}">
</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preSave.action?cid=${c.cid}">修改</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_del.action?cid=${c.cid}">删除</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preUpload.action?cid=${c.cid}">上传</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<z:page pageBean="${pageBean}"></z:page>
</body>
</html>
upload.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>班级logo上传页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_upload.action" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" >
<input type="hidden" value="${result.cid }" name="cid" /><br>
<input type="hidden" value="${result.cname }" name="cname" /><br>
<input type="hidden" value="${result.cteacher }" name="cteacher" /><br>
<input type="file" name="file">
<input type="submit" value="提交" >
</form>
</body>
</html>
ClazzAction.java:
package com.qiuwenfan.three.web;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.qiuwenfan.three.dao.ClzDao;
import com.qiuwenfan.three.entity.Clazz;
import com.qiuwenfan.three.util.BaseAction;
import com.qiuwenfan.three.util.PageBean;
public class ClazzAction extends BaseAction implements ModelDriven<Clazz>{
private ClzDao clzDao = new ClzDao();
private Clazz clz = new Clazz();
private File file;//<input type="file" name="file">中的name对应的属性值
private String fileFileName;
private String fileContentType;
/**
* 跳转上传页面
* @return
*/
public String preUpload() {
try {
this.result = clzDao.list(clz, null).get(0);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "preUpload";
}
/**
* 处理上传发送的请求
* @return
*/
public String upload() {
//图片存放的真实目录
String realDir = "D:/a/file";
//定义服务器的请求路径
String serverDir = "/upload";
try {
// 将本地的图片上传到服务器的某一真实存在的目录（从本地读取文件写入到服务器）
// FileUtils.copyFile(file, new File(realDir + "/" + fileFileName));
copyFile(file, new File(realDir + "/" + fileFileName));
clz.setPic(serverDir + "/" + fileFileName);
this.clzDao.edit(clz);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "toList";
}
/**
* 从本地读取文件写入到服务器
* @param source
* @param target
*/
public void copyFile(File source, File target) {
try {
BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(source));
BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(target));
byte[] bbut = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = in.read(bbut)) != -1) {
out.write(bbut, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 查询班级列表的方法
* @return
*/
public String list() {
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
try {
this.result = clzDao.list(clz, pageBean);
request.setAttribute("pageBean", pageBean);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "list";
}
/**
* 跳转编辑页面（新增编辑页面是同一张）
* @return
*/
public String preSave() {
// 什么时候跳转新增页面？什么时候跳转编辑页面？
// 区别在于跳转页面的时候需要传递cid到后台进行查询，并且将查询到的数据进行回显？
int cid = clz.getCid();
if (cid != 0) {
try {
this.result = clzDao.list(clz, null).get(0);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return "preSave";
}
/**
* 新增班级信息
* @return
*/
public String add() {
try {
this.code = this.clzDao.add(clz);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "toList";
}
/**
* 修改班级信息
* @return
*/
public String edit() {
try {
this.code = this.clzDao.edit(clz);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "toList";
}
/**
* 删除班级信息
* @return
*/
public String del() {
try {
this.code = this.clzDao.del(clz);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "toList";
}
@Override
public Clazz getModel() {
return clz;
}
public File getFile() {
return file;
}
public void setFile(File file) {
this.file = file;
}
public String getFileFileName() {
return fileFileName;
}
public void setFileFileName(String fileFileName) {
this.fileFileName = fileFileName;
}
public String getFileContentType() {
return fileContentType;
}
public void setFileContentType(String fileContentType) {
this.fileContentType = fileContentType;
}
}
server.xml:
<Context docBase="D:/a/file/" path="/web_struts/upolad" />
图片：
struts-sy.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!--
相对于mvc的差异性
package：用来将一些子控制器进行分类
http://localhost:8080/qwf_struts/sy/user_add.action
中/sy对应的namespace="/sy"
extends：包的继承
*的含义：
*代表任意方法，只要前台浏览器匹配/user_*这是一个，那么user_add中，*代表了add
-->
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<!-- 定义拦截器 -->
<interceptors>
<interceptor name="one" class="com.qiuwenfan.four.interceptor.OneInterceptor"></interceptor>
</interceptors>
<action name="/user_*" class="com.qiuwenfan.one.UserAction" method="{1}">
<interceptor-ref name="one"></interceptor-ref>
<result name="success">/test.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="demo_*" class="com.qiuwenfan.one.web.DemoAction" method="{1}">
<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="tomcat_*" class="com.qiuwenfan.one.web.TomcatAction" method="{1}">
<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="ognl_*" class="com.qiuwenfan.test.Demo7" method="{1}">
<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="clz_*" class="com.qiuwenfan.three.web.ClazzAction" method="{1}">
<result name="list">/clzList.jsp</result>
<result name="preSave">/clzEdit.jsp</result>
<result name="preUpload">/upload.jsp</result>
<result name="toList" type="redirectAction">clz_list</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
图片显示：
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