Ubuntu 安装mysql

1、查看有没有安装MySQL

dpkg -l | grep mysql

2、 安装MySQL

sudo apt install mysql-server

3、检查是否安装成功

netstat -tap | grep mysql

通过上述命令检查之后，如果看到有 mysql 的socket处于 LISTEN 状态则表示安装成功。

4、登录mysql数据库

sudo mysql -u root -p

-u 表示选择登陆的用户名， -p 表示登陆的用户密码，现在是mysql数据库是没有密码的，Enter password:处直接回车，就能够进入mysql数据库。
然后通过 show databases; 就可以查看当前的所有数据库。

5.解决配置MySQL中的bug

解决报错Failed! Error: SET PASSWORD has no significance for user ‘root’@‘localhost’ as the authentication me

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '***';

6、安全初始化数据库

为了确保数据库的安全性和正常运转，对数据库进行初始化操作。这个初始化操作涉及下面5个步骤。

(1)安装验证密码插件
（2）设置root管理员在数据库中的专有密码。
（3）随后删除匿名账户，并使用root管理员从远程登录数据库，以确保数据库上运行的业务的安全性。
（4）删除默认的测试数据库，取消测试数据库的一系列访问权限。
（5）刷新授权列表，让初始化的设定立即生效。

mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root:

VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: n

Using existing password for root.

Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n

… skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
‘localhost’. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n

… skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named ‘test’ that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

• Dropping test database…
  Success.

• Removing privileges on test database…
  Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Success.

All done!

7、检查mysql服务状态：

systemctl status mysql

显示如下结果说明mysql服务运行是正常的：
再次用mysql -u root -p命令，Enter password:处输入刚设置的密码，回车，就能够进入mysql数据库。
使用 use mysql; 命令打开mysql命名的数据库，显示当前数据库的表：show tables; 查询user表里的数据：select * from user;（user表里是mysql数据库的所有账户信息）

8、配置mysql允许远程访问

首先编辑 /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf 配置文件：

sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

注释掉bind-address = 127.0.0.1

9、配置所有IP可以访问

use mysql; 
update user set host = '%'  where user ='root';
flush privileges; 

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘root’@‘%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root’ WITH GRANT OPTION; 不可用了。

10、修改数据库端口（不是必须的）

show global variables like ‘port’;查看端口号
编辑/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf文件

sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

在文件中添加port参数，port=13306样式来进行修改端口

11、重新启动mysql

 systemctl restart mysql

12、查看端口

在SQL中执行命令：

show global variables like 'port';