CentOS 5.5 的oracle 10g安装（32位）
测试环境：
主机：windows server 2008 R2 64位
虚拟机：VMware Workstation 11.0.0(32位)
linux版本：CentOS release 5.5 (Final) (32位)
主机性能有限，所以只采用32位的测试环境。
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop install.log install.log.syslog
#内存检查
[root@localhost ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 2075368 kB
#查看共享内存大小
[root@localhost ~]# df -k /dev/shm
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 1037684 0 1037684 0% /dev/shm
#交换空间检查
[root@localhost ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal: 4128696 kB
#查看有效的内存和交换空间
[root@localhost ~]# free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 2075368 889704 1185664 0 83688 641828
-/+ buffers/cache: 164188 1911180
Swap: 4128696 0 4128696
#检查临时目录/tmp
[root@localhost ~]# df -k /tmp
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 56643640 2401496 51318316 5% /
#检查磁盘空间
[root@localhost ~]# df -k
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 56643640 2401496 51318316 5% /
/dev/sda1 295561 16202 264099 6% /boot
tmpfs 1037684 0 1037684 0% /dev/shm
.host:/ 1428056060 1113043392 315012668 78% /mnt/hgfs
#检查OS版本
[root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description: CentOS release 5.5 (Final)
Release: 5.5
Codename: Final
#检查内核
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
2.6.18-194.el5
#标识用户的存在性
[root@localhost ~]# id oracle
uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oracle) groups=500(oracle)
context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh
#创建组
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oper
#安装OS时就建好了oracle用户
#用户分组，这里是用图形界面完成的
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba, oper oracle
#标识用户的存在性,检查一下
[root@localhost ~]# id oracle
uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oracle) groups=500(oracle),501(oinstall),502(dba),503(oper)
context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh
#检查Oracle 10g安装所需要的内核版本:
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif
gcc-4.1.2-48.el5
make-3.81-3.el5
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5
package openmotif is not installed
#查询其他包安装情况：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif setarch compat-db compat-gcc >
compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel
#安装所需要的包
[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -Uvh gcc-4*
warning: gcc-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package gcc-4.1.2-48.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -Uvh make-3*
warning: make-3.81-3.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package make-3.81-3.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -Uvh binutils-2*
warning: binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID
e8562897
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif
gcc-4.1.2-48.el5
make-3.81-3.el5
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5
package openmotif is not installed
#创建安装目录
[root@localhost CentOS]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@localhost CentOS]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
[root@localhost CentOS]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
#切换用户
[root@localhost CentOS]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# su - oracle
#设置环境变量
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi .bash_profile
在现有文件的下面增加
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;export ORACLE_BASE
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1;
export ORACLE_HOME
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
NLS_LANG='Simplified Chinese_china'
DB_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/oradata
#查看环境变量
[oracle@localhost ~]$ env
HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain
SHELL=/bin/bash
TERM=vt100
HISTSIZE=1000
USER=oracle
LS_COLORS=no=00:fi=00:di=01;34:ln=01;36:pi=40;33:so=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=01;05;3
7;41:mi=01;05;37;41:ex=01;32:*.cmd=01;32:*.exe=01;32:*.com=01;32:*.btm=01;32:*.bat=01;32:*.s
h=01;32:*.csh=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.zip=01;31:
*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.
jpg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.tif=01;35:
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
MAIL=/var/spool/mail/oracle
PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:
/home/oracle/bin
INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc
PWD=/home/oracle
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
SSH_ASKPASS=/usr/libexec/openssh/gnome-ssh-askpass
SHLVL=1
HOME=/home/oracle
LOGNAME=oracle
CVS_RSH=ssh
LESSOPEN=|/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
G_BROKEN_FILENAMES=1
_=/bin/env
#让环境变量立即生效
[oracle@localhost ~]$ . ./.bash_profile
#回到root用户
[oracle@localhost ~]$ su - root
Password:
#修改hosts文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.1.30 orcl-a
#检查
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.1.30 orcl-a
#查看版本信息
[root@localhost /]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 5.5 (Final)
#启用图形支持
[root@localhost ~]# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
#切换用户
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
#切换到安装文件下
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /mnt/hgfs/sharefiles/oracle10g/10201_database_linux32/database
[oracle@localhost database]$ ls
doc install response runInstaller stage welcome.html
#开始安装
[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0,
asianux-1 or asianux-2
Failed <<<<
Exiting Oracle Universal Installer, log for this session can be found at
/tmp/OraInstall2015-09-14_02-27-55AM/installActions2015-09-14_02-27-55AM.log
#说是不支持当前linux版本，修改版本信息
#回到root用户修改版本信息
[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/redhat-release
#CentOS release 5.5 (Final)
CentOS release 4
#回到oracle用户继续安装
[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-09-14_02-30-04AM.
Please wait ...
[oracle@localhost database]$ Exception in thread "main"
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError:
/tmp/OraInstall2015-09-14_02-30-04AM/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so:
libXp.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
#原因是缺少了包，装上如下的包就可以了。
# rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm
记录一下以免忘记了。
libXau-devel-1.0.1-3.1.i386.rpm
libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm
libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm
#安装包
[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -ivh lib*
[root@localhost CentOS]# yum -y install libXau
[root@localhost CentOS]# yum -y install libXp*
#重新开始安装
[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller
安装界面出来了。
实例名：orcl
密码：
继续下一步
安装中途报错：
Error in invoking target 'all_no_orcl ihsodbc' of makefile
'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0
/db_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk'
#经查：是由于缺少compat-libstdc++-33*兼容包所报的错误
#回到root用户补充安装
[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:compat-libstdc++-33 ########################################### [100%]
安装后，retry。正常通过，继续安装。
#临近安装结束，oracle安装程序提示需要在root用户下运行两个脚本
#脚本1
[root@localhost /]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oracle.
The execution of the script is complete
#脚本2
[root@localhost /]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
[root@localhost /]#
#查看环境变量之实例名
[oracle@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
#查看监听
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2015 04:11:21
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.
LSNRCTL> help
The following operations are available
An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:
start stop status
services version reload
save_config trace spawn
change_password quit exit
set* show*
LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-SEP-2015 03:41:44
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 29 min. 42 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> quit
#登录数据库
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Sep 14 04:12:06 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> connect / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select * from dual;
D
-
X
SQL>
SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
#Oracle企业管理器
[oracle@localhost ~]$ emctl
TZ set to US/Pacific
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Invalid arguments
Unknown command option
Usage::
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control commands:
emctl start| stop| status| setpasswd dbconsole
emctl secure <options>
emctl set ssl test|off|on em
emctl set ldap <host> <port> <user dn> <user pwd> <context dn>
emctl blackout options can be listed by typing "emctl blackout"
emctl config options can be listed by typing "emctl config"
emctl secure options can be listed by typing "emctl secure"
emctl ilint options can be listed by typing "emctl ilint"
emctl deploy options can be listed by typing "emctl deploy"
[oracle@localhost ~]$ emctl status dbconsole
TZ set to US/Pacific
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g is running.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated in directory
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/localhost.localdomain_orcl/sysman/log
——安装完成
#关机
[root@localhost ~]# init 0
总结：
在实践工作中，安装前的配置和环境检查还是很重要的。简单的说，前期准备工作要做好。
后面还准备测试数据库的创建，创建表空间，建表，删除，闪回，恢复。
转ASM存储，RMAN备份和恢复。
一堆试验。。。。。
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