安装环境:VMware.Workstation.v8.0.2.591240
安装文件:10201_database_linux32
参考资料:
找rpm的网站:
http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/index.html
参考的文章:
http://blog.csdn.net/picklove/article/details/2065022
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_3f2ef1180100bsrq.html
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_3f2ef1180100bsuv.html
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_3f2ef1180100bsw2.html
安装时还参考了其他几位的博客,由于此文是事后写的所以没能记住。在此表示歉意。
一、安装Linux
这部分没有特殊需要介绍的,基本上Step by Step即可,并且之后如果有需要也可以在后面进行配置或者安装其他包。
二、针对 Oracle 配置 RHEL6.1
(1)
[root@LING Desktop]$uname -r
2.6.18-92.el5xen
2.2 Oracle 10g 所需程序包(root)
检查Oracle 10g安装所需要的内核版本:
[root@LING Desktop]$rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif
gcc-4.1.2-42.el5
make-3.81-3.el5
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-6.el5
openmotif is not installed
查询其他包安装情况:
[root@LING Desktop]$rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif setarch compat-db compat-gcc \
> compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel
gcc-4.1.2-42.el5
make-3.81-3.el5
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-6.el5
openmotif-2.3.0-0.5.el5
setarch-2.0-1.1
compat-db-4.2.52-5.1
package compat-gcc is not installed
package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed
那么安装之。这些包在RHEL的DVD安装盘上的Package目录下都有,只要找到安装即可。
注意:[root@LING ~]# cd "cd /media/RHEL_6.1\ i386\ Disc\ 1/Packages/"
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh setarch-2*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh setarch-2*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh make-3*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh glibc-2*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh libaio-0*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33-3*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-3*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-c++-3*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh gcc-4*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh libXp-1*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh openmotif-2*
[root@LING Desktop]# rpm -Uvh compat-db-4*
安装完成后,再次查询,可能发现如下包依然没有安装:
package compat-gcc is not installed
package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++ is not installed
package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed
但是,如果再次安装的,又会提示already installed。后来也没管了,安装Oracle 10g会正常通过。
(2)创建 Oracle组和用户帐户(root)
[root@RHEL~]#/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
[root@RHEL~]#/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
[root@RHEL~]#/usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@RHEL~]#/usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@RHEL~]#id oracle
uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)
[root@RHEL~]#passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
——实际上这一步我是通过图形界面完成的。
(3) 创建目录
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
/u01/app/oracle为Oracle根目录,可以根据需要改成别的名字,如果不是很熟练,按照步骤照做就不会出错。
(4) 用oracle用户登录终端
#su - oracle
#vi .bash_profile
在现有文件的下面增加
umask 022
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/client_1; export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
也可以写作
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/client_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
保存退出
注意,等号左右不能有空格
(5) 执行刚刚编辑的文件
$ . ./.bash_profile
或者source .bash_profile
(6)配置 oracle用户的环境变量(root)
有的提到需要修改/etc/hosts文件,将127.0.0.1修改成为你的实际IP地址,否则有可能导致安装Oracle的时候,检查网络配置异常。我也按照这个做了,但之后可能有麻烦,稍后再说。我是将其注释掉,具体修改如下:
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.30 LING
(7)Oracle支持的RHEL版本(root)
Oracle安装自检时,列出了Oracle10g支持的版本是:must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2。而我的系统是6.1。这里需要欺骗一下,具体的是修改文件/etc/redhat-release。
[root@LING Desktop]$ more /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release4 (Tikanga)
将6.1修改成4即可。网上也有说$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs方式来避免自检,但我实验过,安装界面出来了(而且和后面安装的界面不一样),但是自检那一步无论如何都无法通过。
也有的通过如下方式(没有试验):
[root@LING Desktop]$ gedit /usr/app/oracle/install/install/oraparam.ini
三、安装Oracle 10g
通过VMware.Workstation的工具Shared Folders共享Windows下面的文件:
VM——Virtual Machine Setting——Options——Shared Folders
[root@LING Desktop]$xhost +
[root@LING Desktop]$su - oralce
[oracle@LING Desktop]$ cd /mnt/hgfs/Sharefiles/10201_database_linux32/database/
[oracle@LING Desktop]$ ./runInstaller
到下图这里需要注意了,需要到用root身份运行下图中提示需要执行的两个脚本:
千万不要直接点OK,否则就前功尽弃,只能卸掉重装了。
(配置完成,需要执行上面两个脚本)
[oracle@LING Desktop]$su - root
Password:
[root@LING Desktop]$/usr/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /usr/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /usr/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
[root@LING Desktop]$/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
(至此,安装完毕...)
四、验证一下
#切换用户
[root@LING ~]# su – oracle
#启动监听
[oracle@LING ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 24-APR-2012 03:59:35
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=LING)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 24-APR-2012 03:59:37
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=LING)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
#设置Oracle的SID
[oracle@LING ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl
#检查是否设置正确
[oracle@LING ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
#进入sqlplus
[oracle@LING ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Apr 24 04:03:14 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
#连到数据库
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
#启动数据库
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 603979776 bytes
Fixed Size 1220796 bytes
Variable Size 167776068 bytes
Database Buffers 427819008 bytes
Redo Buffers 7163904 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
#退出sqlplus
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
#启动Oracle企业管理器
[oracle@LING ~]$ emctl start dbconsole
TZ set to US/Pacific
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
http://LING:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control ............................. started.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated in directory /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/LING_orcl/sysman/log
(第一次登录,有个协议)
(成功)
在RHEL6.1上安装Oracle 数据库10g至此结束。
附:
Oracle 10gR2 OEM按钮乱码的解决(OEM的中英文显示快速切换):
打开IE浏览器, 选择'工具"-->"Internet选项"-->"常规", 选择 "语言", 默认只有 "中文", 选择 " 添加 ", 加入 "英语(美国)" , 调整顺序, 把“英语(美国)”移动到最上面。
——当然还有其他方法,但是上面的方法是最快和最方便的。
——另外,RHE6.1默认安装是自动开启防火墙的,测试时可以关闭防火墙,也可以在防火墙里面开放需要的端口,如1158和1521。
安装前参阅了大量的资料,没有网上那么多高手的细致讲解我是无法完成这一测试。在此向各位前辈致敬。