Quartz 在 Spring 中如何动态配置时间

SchedulerService 只有一个多态方法schedule，SchedulerServiceImpl实现SchedulerService接口，注入 org.quartz.Schedulert和org.quartz.JobDetail，schedule方法可以动态配置 org.quartz.CronExpression或org.quartz.SimpleTrigger调度时间。

五、实现自己的org.quartz.JobDetail
在上一步中SchedulerServiceImpl需要注入org.quartz.JobDetail，在以前的静态配置中
引用

<bean id="jobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
<property name="targetObject" ref="simpleService" />
<property name="targetMethod" value="testMethod" />
</bean>

中使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean。在这里使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean。会报
引用


Caused by: java.io.NotSerializableException: Unable to serialize JobDataMap for insertion into database because the value of property 'methodInvoker' is not serializable: org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean
at org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate.serializeJobData(StdJDBCDelegate.java:3358)
at org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate.insertJobDetail(StdJDBCDelegate.java:515)
at org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreSupport.storeJob(JobStoreSupport.java:1102)
... 11 more


异常，google了一下，没有找到解决方法。所以在这里不能使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean。，不能pojo了，需要使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean 和org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean实现自己的 QuartzJobBean，如下：
Java 代码

1. package com.sundoctor.example.service;
2.
3. import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
4. import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
5. import org.quartz.Trigger;
6. import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
7.
8. public class MyQuartzJobBean extends QuartzJobBean {
9.
10. private SimpleService simpleService;
11.
12. public void setSimpleService(SimpleService simpleService) {
13. this.simpleService = simpleService;
14. }
15.
16. @Override
17. protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobexecutioncontext) throws JobExecutionException {
18. Trigger trigger = jobexecutioncontext.getTrigger();
19. String triggerName = trigger.getName();
20. simpleService.testMethod(triggerName);
21. }
22.
23. }

package com.sundoctor.example.service;

import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;

public class MyQuartzJobBean extends QuartzJobBean {

private SimpleService simpleService;

public void setSimpleService(SimpleService simpleService) {
this.simpleService = simpleService;
}

@Override
protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobexecutioncontext) throws JobExecutionException {
Trigger trigger = jobexecutioncontext.getTrigger();
String triggerName = trigger.getName();
simpleService.testMethod(triggerName);
}

}


MyQuartzJobBean继承org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean，注入的SimpleService如下：
Java 代码

1. package com.sundoctor.example.service;
2.
3. import java.io.Serializable;
4.
5. import org.slf4j.Logger;
6. import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
7. import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
8.
9. @Service("simpleService")
10. public class SimpleService implements Serializable{
11.
12. private static final long serialVersionUID = 122323233244334343L;
13. private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleService.class);
14.
15. public void testMethod(String triggerName){
16. //这里执行定时调度业务
17. logger.info(triggerName);
18. }
19.
20. public void testMethod2(){
21. logger.info("testMethod2");
22. }
23. }

package com.sundoctor.example.service;

import java.io.Serializable;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service("simpleService")
public class SimpleService implements Serializable{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 122323233244334343L;
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleService.class);

public void testMethod(String triggerName){
//这里执行定时调度业务
logger.info(triggerName);
}

public void testMethod2(){
logger.info("testMethod2");
}
}


SimpleService主要执行定时调度业务，在这里我只是简单打印一下log日志。SimpleService需要实现 java.io.Serializable接口，否则会报
引用
Caused by: java.io.InvalidClassException: com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService; class invalid for deserialization
at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.initNonProxy(ObjectStreamClass.java:587)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readNonProxyDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1583)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readClassDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1496)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1732)
... 64 more

异常。

配置applicationContext-quartz.xml文件：
引用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">

<beans>
<bean name="quartzScheduler" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="applicationContextSchedulerContextKey" value="applicationContextKey" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:quartz.properties"/>
</bean>

<bean id="jobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean">
<property name="jobClass">
<value>com.sundoctor.example.service.MyQuartzJobBean</value>
</property>

<property name="jobDataAsMap">
<map>
<entry key="simpleService">
<ref bean="simpleService" />
</entry>
</map>
</property>

</bean>
</beans>


quartzScheduler中没有了
引用

<property name="triggers">
<list>
...
</list>
/property>

配置，通过SchedulerService动态加入CronTrigger或SimpleTrigger。

在红色的
引用


<property name="jobDataAsMap">
<map>
<entry key="simpleService">
<ref bean="simpleService" />
</entry>
</map>
</property>


中需要注入调度业务类，否则会报空指指错误。

dataSource：项目中用到的数据源，里面包含了quartz用到的12张数据库表；
applicationContextSchedulerContextKey： 是org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean这个类中把spring上下文以key/value的方式存放在了quartz的上下文中了，可以用applicationContextSchedulerContextKey所定义的key得到对应的spring上下文；
configLocation：用于指明quartz的配置文件的位置，如果不用spring配置quartz的话，本身quartz是通过一个配置文件进行配置的，默认名称是quartz.properties，里面配置的参数在quartz的doc文档中都有介绍，可以调整quartz，我在项目中也用这个文件部分的配置了一些属性，代码如下：
引用

org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = DefaultQuartzScheduler
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export = false
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy = false
org.quartz.scheduler.wrapJobExecutionInUserTransaction = false

org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 10
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread = true

org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 60000

#org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore

org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
#org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.HSQLDBDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties = true
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = false
org.quartz.jobStore.maxMisfiresToHandleAtATime=1

这里面没有数据源相关的配置部分，采用spring注入datasource的方式已经进行了配置。

六、测试
运行如下测试类
Java 代码

1. package com.sundoctor.example.test;
2.
3. import java.text.ParseException;
4. import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
5. import java.util.Date;
6.
7. import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
8. import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
9.
10. import com.sundoctor.quartz.service.SchedulerService;
11.
12. public class MainTest {
13.
14.
17. public static void main(String[] args) {
18. ApplicationContext springContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:applicationContext-quartz.xml"});
19. SchedulerService schedulerService = (SchedulerService)springContext.getBean("schedulerService");
20.
21. //执行业务逻辑...
22.
23. //设置调度任务
24. //每10秒中执行调试一次
25. schedulerService.schedule("0/10 * * ? * * *");
26.
27. Date startTime = parse("2009-06-01 22:16:00");
28. Date endTime = parse("2009-06-01 22:20:00");
29.
30. //2009-06-01 21:50:00开始执行调度
31. schedulerService.schedule(startTime);
32.
33. //2009-06-01 21:50:00开始执行调度，2009-06-01 21:55:00结束执行调试
34. //schedulerService.schedule(startTime,endTime);
35.
36. //2009-06-01 21:50:00开始执行调度，执行5次结束
37. //schedulerService.schedule(startTime,null,5);
38.
39. //2009-06-01 21:50:00开始执行调度，每隔20秒执行一次，执行5次结束
40. //schedulerService.schedule(startTime,null,5,20);
41.
42. //等等，查看 com.sundoctor.quartz.service.SchedulerService
43. }
44.
45. private static Date parse(String dateStr){
46. SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
47. try {
48. return format.parse(dateStr);
49. } catch (ParseException e) {
50. throw new RuntimeException(e);
51. }
52. }
53.
54. }

package com.sundoctor.example.test;

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.sundoctor.quartz.service.SchedulerService;

public class MainTest {


public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext springContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:applicationContext-quartz.xml"});
SchedulerService schedulerService = (SchedulerService)springContext.getBean("schedulerService");

//执行业务逻辑...

//设置调度任务
//每10秒中执行调试一次
schedulerService.schedule("0/10 * * ? * * *");

Date startTime = parse("2009-06-01 22:16:00");
Date endTime = parse("2009-06-01 22:20:00");

//2009-06-01 21:50:00开始执行调度
schedulerService.schedule(startTime);

//2009-06-01 21:50:00开始执行调度，2009-06-01 21:55:00结束执行调试
//schedulerService.schedule(startTime,endTime);

//2009-06-01 21:50:00开始执行调度，执行5次结束
//schedulerService.schedule(startTime,null,5);

//2009-06-01 21:50:00开始执行调度，每隔20秒执行一次，执行5次结束
//schedulerService.schedule(startTime,null,5,20);

//等等，查看com.sundoctor.quartz.service.SchedulerService
}

private static Date parse(String dateStr){
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
try {
return format.parse(dateStr);
} catch (ParseException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}

}


输出
引用

[2009-06-02 00:08:50]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:20]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:30]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:40]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:50]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:11:00]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:11:10]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f

这样只是简单的将quartz trigger名称打印出来。

这样通过SchedulerService就可以动态配置调度时间。其实SchedulerService 还可扩展，比如可以注入多个JobDetail，调度不同的JobDetail。