1、安装
- bzip2 -cd nmap-6.49BETA6.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
- cd nmap-6.49BETA6
- ./configure
- make
- su root
- make install
- nmap 目标主机
- nmap 192.168.2.7
- Starting Nmap 6.49BETA6 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2015-10-28 23:30 CST
- Warning: File ./nmap-services exists, but Nmap is using /usr/local/bin/../share/nmap/nmap-services for security and consistency reasons. set NMAPDIR=. to give priority to files in your local directory (may affect the other data files too).
- Nmap scan report for 192.168.2.7
- Host is up (0.32s latency).
- Not shown: 996 closed ports
- PORT STATE SERVICE
- 21/tcp open ftp
- 22/tcp open ssh
- 53/tcp open domain
- 1723/tcp open pptp
- MAC Address: C8:3A:35:C7:72:F1 (Tenda Technology)
- Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 3.97 seconds
2)nmap -T4 -A -v 目标主机
-T4是指定扫描过程中使用的时序模板,总共有6个等级,等级越高,扫描速度越快,但也容易被防火墙或者入侵检测设备发现
- nmap -T4 -A -v 192.168.2.7
- Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2015-10-28 21:48 CST
- NSE: Loaded 57 scripts for scanning.
- Initiating ARP Ping Scan at 21:48
- Scanning 192.168.2.7 [1 port]
- Completed ARP Ping Scan at 21:48, 0.11s elapsed (1 total hosts)
- Initiating Parallel DNS resolution of 1 host. at 21:48
- Completed Parallel DNS resolution of 1 host. at 21:48, 0.00s elapsed
- Initiating SYN Stealth Scan at 21:48
- Scanning 192.168.2.7 [1000 ports]
- Discovered open port 22/tcp on 192.168.2.7
- Discovered open port 1723/tcp on 192.168.2.7
- Discovered open port 53/tcp on 192.168.2.7
- Discovered open port 21/tcp on 192.168.2.7
- Completed SYN Stealth Scan at 21:48, 3.12s elapsed (1000 total ports)
- Initiating Service scan at 21:48
- Scanning 4 services on 192.168.2.7
- Completed Service scan at 21:48, 6.64s elapsed (4 services on 1 host)
- Initiating OS detection (try #1) against 192.168.2.7
- Retrying OS detection (try #2) against 192.168.2.7
- Retrying OS detection (try #3) against 192.168.2.7
- Retrying OS detection (try #4) against 192.168.2.7
- Retrying OS detection (try #5) against 192.168.2.7
- NSE: Script scanning 192.168.2.7.
- Initiating NSE at 21:49
- Completed NSE at 21:49, 3.75s elapsed
- Nmap scan report for 192.168.2.7
- #对主机是否在线进行扫描
- Host is up (0.017s latency).
- #端口扫描以及应用程序
- Not shown: 996 closed ports
- PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
- 21/tcp open ftp vsftpd 2.3.5
- 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 6.0p1 Debian 4+deb7u2 (protocol 2.0)
- | ssh-hostkey: 1024 8e:f3:3c:eb:07:3b:96:91:ff:29:22:cb:97:91:38:fd (DSA)
- |_2048 e0:f8:5e:3e:a0:c1:28:bc:8d:81:3e:79:cf:b9:90:d3 (RSA)
- 53/tcp open domain dnsmasq 2.62
- 1723/tcp open pptp linux (Firmware: 1)
- MAC Address: C8:3A:35:C7:72:F1 (Tenda Technology Co.)
- #操作系统版本,没扫出来,哈哈
- No exact OS matches for host (If you know what OS is running on it, see http://nmap.org/submit/ ).
- TCP/IP fingerprint:
- OS:SCAN(V=5.51%D=10/28%OT=21%CT=1%CU=35731%PV=Y%DS=1%DC=D%G=Y%M=C83A35%TM=5
- OS:630D25B%P=x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu)SEQ(SP=107%GCD=2%ISR=10D%TI=Z%CI=I%II=
- OS:I%TS=7)SEQ(SP=107%GCD=1%ISR=10D%TI=Z%CI=I%II=I%TS=7)SEQ(SP=107%GCD=1%ISR
- OS:=10D%TI=Z%CI=I%II=I%TS=5)OPS(O1=M5B4ST11NW7%O2=M5B4ST11NW7%O3=M5B4NNT11N
- OS:W7%O4=M5B4ST11NW7%O5=M5B4ST11NW7%O6=M5B4ST11)WIN(W1=7120%W2=7120%W3=7120
- OS:%W4=7120%W5=7120%W6=7120)ECN(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=7210%O=M5B4NNSNW7%CC=Y%Q=)T
- OS:1(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%S=O%A=S+%F=AS%RD=0%Q=)T2(R=N)T3(R=N)T4(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0
- OS:%S=A%A=Z%F=R%O=%RD=0%Q=)T5(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=Z%A=S+%F=AR%O=%RD=0%Q=)T6
- OS:(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=A%A=Z%F=R%O=%RD=0%Q=)T7(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=Z%A=S+%
- OS:F=AR%O=%RD=0%Q=)U1(R=Y%DF=N%T=40%IPL=164%UN=0%RIPL=G%RID=G%RIPCK=G%RUCK=
- OS:G%RUD=G)IE(R=Y%DFI=N%T=40%CD=S)
- Uptime guess: 53.983 days (since Fri Sep 4 22:13:33 2015)
- Network Distance: 1 hop
- TCP Sequence Prediction: Difficulty=263 (Good luck!)
- IP ID Sequence Generation: All zeros
- Service Info: Host: local; OSs: Unix, Linux
- TRACEROUTE
- HOP RTT ADDRESS
- 1 17.09 ms 192.168.2.7
- Read data files from: /usr/share/nmap
- OS and Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/ .
- Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 26.07 seconds
- Raw packets sent: 1147 (54.550KB) | Rcvd: 1091 (47.158KB)
3)nmap 常用参数
- -sn : 只进行主机发现扫描,不进行端口扫描
- -Pn : 跳过主机发现扫描,将所有指定的主机都视为在线状态,进行端口扫描
- -sL : 仅仅列出指定的目标主机 IP,不进行主机发现扫描
- -PS/PA/PU/PU[portlist] : 指定使用 TCP SYN/TCP ACK/ UDP/SCTP方式进行主机发现,例如 nmap -PS80,2
- -PE/PP/PM : 指定 nmap 使用 ICMP echo、timestamp、network 请求报文方式发现主机
- -PO : 使用 IP 协议包探测目标主机是否在线
- -n/-R : 指定是否使用 dns 解析,其中,-n 表示不进行 dns 解析,-R 表示总进行 dns 解析
- nmap -sn -PE -PS22,80 -PU53 192.168.2.7
- Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2015-10-28 22:00 CST
- Note: Host seems down. If it is really up, but blocking our ping probes, try -Pn
- Nmap done: 1 IP address (0 hosts up) scanned in 0.43 seconds
4)nmap 端口扫描
nmap 扫描端口状态分为6类
- open : 表示端口是开放的
- closed : 表示端口是关闭的
- filtered : 表示端口被防火墙屏蔽,无法进一步确认状态
- unfiltered : 表示端口没有被屏蔽,但是否处于开放状态,还需要进一步确定
- open|filtered : 表示不确定状态,端口可能开放可能关闭
- closed|filtered : 表示不确定状态,端口可能关闭,可能屏蔽
- -sS/sT/sA/sW/sM : 指定使用 TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK/Window/Maimon scans 来对目标主机进行端口扫描
- -sU : 指定使用 UDP 扫描方式扫描目标主机的 UDP 端口状况
- -sN/sF/sX : 指定使用 TCP Null/FIN/Xmas sans 秘密扫描方式来协助侦测目标主机的 TCP 端口状态
- -p <port rangs> : 仅仅扫描指定的一个或一批端口。例如 -p80/-p1-100/-p T:80-88,8000,U:53,111,S:9,其中 T 表示 TCP 协议,U 表示 UDP 协议,S 表示 SCTP 协议
- -F : 快速扫描模式,仅仅扫描开放率高的100个端口
- --top-ports <number> : 仅扫描开放率高的 number 个端口
- nmap -sU -sS -F 192.168.2.7
- Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2015-10-28 22:04 CST
- Nmap scan report for 192.168.2.7
- Host is up (0.019s latency).
- Not shown: 194 closed ports
- PORT STATE SERVICE
- 21/tcp open ftp
- 22/tcp open ssh
- 53/tcp open domain
- 1723/tcp open pptp
- 53/udp open|filtered domain
- 68/udp open|filtered dhcpc
- MAC Address: C8:3A:35:C7:72:F1 (Tenda Technology Co.)
- Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 107.10 seconds
5)nmap 程序版本侦测
nmap 选项或参数 目标主机
- -sV : 设置 nmap 进行版本侦测
- --version-intensity <level> 设置版本侦测的强度值,0-9,默认是7。这个数值越高,探测出的版本越精确,但扫描时间也更长
- --version-light : 设置使用轻量级的侦测方式,相当于侦测强度为2
- --version-trace : 显示版本侦测的详细过程
- nmap -sV 192.168.2.7
- Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2015-10-28 22:13 CST
- Nmap scan report for 192.168.2.7
- Host is up (0.073s latency).
- Not shown: 996 closed ports
- PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
- 21/tcp open ftp vsftpd 2.3.5
- 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 6.0p1 Debian 4+deb7u2 (protocol 2.0)
- 53/tcp open domain dnsmasq 2.62
- 1723/tcp open pptp linux (Firmware: 1)
- MAC Address: C8:3A:35:C7:72:F1 (Tenda Technology Co.)
- Service Info: Host: local; OSs: Unix, Linux
- Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/ .
- Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 13.26 seconds
6)nmap 操作系统的侦测
nmap 选项或参数
- -O : 设置 nmap 进行操作系统侦测
- --osscan-guess : 猜测目标主机的操作系统类型,nmmap 会给出可能性的比率,用户可以根据提供的比率综合判断操作系统类型
- nmap -O --osscan-guess 192.168.2.7
- Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2015-10-28 22:18 CST
- Nmap scan report for 192.168.2.7
- Host is up (0.0029s latency).
- Not shown: 996 closed ports
- PORT STATE SERVICE
- 21/tcp open ftp
- 22/tcp open ssh
- 53/tcp open domain
- 1723/tcp open pptp
- MAC Address: C8:3A:35:C7:72:F1 (Tenda Technology Co.)
- Device type: WAP|general purpose|specialized|firewall|webcam
- Running (JUST GUESSING): Netgear embedded (96%), Linux 2.6.X|2.4.X (93%), Crestron 2-Series (91%), Citrix Linux 2.6.X (90%), Check Point embedded (90%), Check Point Linux 2.4.X (90%), Linksys embedded (90%), AXIS Linux 2.6.X (89%)
- Aggressive OS guesses: Netgear DG834G WAP (96%), Linux 2.6.32 (93%), Crestron XPanel control system (91%), Linux 2.6.19 - 2.6.35 (91%), Linux 2.4.26 (Slackware 10.0.0) (91%), Linux 2.6.31 - 2.6.34 (91%), Citrix XenServer (Linux 2.6.18) (90%), Linux 2.6.24 (90%), Check Point SBox-200 firewall (90%), Check Point VPN-1 UTM appliance (90%)
- No exact OS matches for host (If you know what OS is running on it, see http://nmap.org/submit/ ).
- TCP/IP fingerprint:
- OS:SCAN(V=5.51%D=10/28%OT=21%CT=1%CU=42150%PV=Y%DS=1%DC=D%G=Y%M=C83A35%TM=5
- OS:630D948%P=x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu)SEQ(SP=FF%GCD=1%ISR=106%TI=Z%CI=I%II=I
- OS:%TS=7)SEQ(SP=FF%GCD=1%ISR=106%TI=Z%CI=I%II=I%TS=6)OPS(O1=M5B4ST11NW7%O2=
- OS:M5B4ST11NW7%O3=M5B4NNT11NW7%O4=M5B4ST11NW7%O5=M5B4ST11NW7%O6=M5B4ST11)WI
- OS:N(W1=7120%W2=7120%W3=7120%W4=7120%W5=7120%W6=7120)ECN(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=72
- OS:10%O=M5B4NNSNW7%CC=Y%Q=)T1(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%S=O%A=S+%F=AS%RD=0%Q=)T2(R=N)T3
- OS:(R=N)T4(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=A%A=Z%F=R%O=%RD=0%Q=)T5(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=
- OS:Z%A=S+%F=AR%O=%RD=0%Q=)T6(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=A%A=Z%F=R%O=%RD=0%Q=)T7(R=
- OS:Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=Z%A=S+%F=AR%O=%RD=0%Q=)U1(R=Y%DF=N%T=40%IPL=164%UN=0%R
- OS:IPL=G%RID=G%RIPCK=G%RUCK=G%RUD=G)IE(R=Y%DFI=N%T=40%CD=S)
- Network Distance: 1 hop
- OS detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/ .
- Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 14.07 seconds
进行ping扫描,打印出对扫描做出响应的主机:
- nmap -sP 192.168.1.0/24
仅列出指定网络上的每台主机,不发送任何报文到目标主机:
- nmap -sL 192.168.1.0/24
转载自:http://liuhonghe.me/nmap-config.html