sql 高级特性(事务,索引,约束)
sql
事务
- 开启事务
begin;
start transaction;
- 提交事务
commit;
- 回滚
rollback;
- 保留点
savepoint deleteo1;
索引
- 创建索引
alter table tableName add index indexName(column);
alter table tableName add unique(column);
alter tblae tableName add primary key (column);
create index indexName on tableName(column);
create unique index indexName on tableName(column);
- 删除索引
drop index indexName on tableName;
alter table tableName drop index indexName;
alter table tableName drop primary key
- 查看索引
show index from tableName;
show keys from tableName;
约束
- 主键约束
alter table tableName add constraint primary key (column);
- 唯一约束
alter table tableName add constraint unique (column);
- 外键约束
alter table tableName add constraint foreign key (column) references tableName (column);
- 删除约束
alter table tableName drop foreign key (column);