yum install mysql5.x

1.准备yum源，去mysql的官网下载。

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm

可以看下yum源中有哪些版本可以安装

[root@CentOS-6 ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community        MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community       禁用
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - Sou 禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community        MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community       禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community - Sou 禁用
mysql-connectors-community         MySQL Connectors Community        启用:    42
mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community - Sour 禁用
mysql-tools-community              MySQL Tools Community             启用:    51
mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Source    禁用
mysql-tools-preview                MySQL Tools Preview               禁用
mysql-tools-preview-source         MySQL Tools Preview - Source      禁用
mysql55-community                  MySQL 5.5 Community Server        禁用
mysql55-community-source           MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql56-community                  MySQL 5.6 Community Server        禁用
mysql56-community-source           MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql57-community                  MySQL 5.7 Community Server        启用:   219
mysql57-community-source           MySQL 5.7 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql80-community                  MySQL 8.0 Community Server        禁用
mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server - Sour 禁用

2.yum install mysql，默认这个安装的是5.7的mysql

[root@CentOS-6 ~]# yum install mysql-server
已加载插件：fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
设置安装进程
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Package mysql-server is obsoleted by mysql-community-server, trying to install mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64 instead
解决依赖关系
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.20-1.el6 will be 安装
--> 处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.20-1.el6，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64 需要
--> 处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64 需要
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.20-1.el6 will be 安装
--> 处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64 需要
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.20-1.el6 will be 安装
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.20-1.el6 will be 安装
--> 完成依赖关系计算

依赖关系解决

=================================================================================================================================================================
 软件包                                        架构                          版本                                 仓库                                      大小
=================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 mysql-community-server                        x86_64                        5.7.20-1.el6                         mysql57-community                        152 M
为依赖而安装:
 mysql-community-client                        x86_64                        5.7.20-1.el6                         mysql57-community                         23 M
 mysql-community-common                        x86_64                        5.7.20-1.el6                         mysql57-community                        329 k
 mysql-community-libs                          x86_64                        5.7.20-1.el6                         mysql57-community                        2.1 M

事务概要
=================================================================================================================================================================
Install       4 Package(s)

总下载量：177 M
Installed size: 882 M
确定吗？[y/N]：

3.想要安装mysql5.6，开启5.6的源，关闭5.7的源

yum-config-manager --disable mysql57-community
yum-config-manager --enable mysql56-community

查看mysql的安装版本,已经切换到5.6了。

[root@CentOS-6 ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community        MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community       禁用
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - Sou 禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community        MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community       禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community - Sou 禁用
mysql-connectors-community         MySQL Connectors Community        启用:    42
mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community - Sour 禁用
mysql-tools-community              MySQL Tools Community             启用:    51
mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Source    禁用
mysql-tools-preview                MySQL Tools Preview               禁用
mysql-tools-preview-source         MySQL Tools Preview - Source      禁用
mysql55-community                  MySQL 5.5 Community Server        禁用
mysql55-community-source           MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql56-community                  MySQL 5.6 Community Server        启用:   396
mysql56-community-source           MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql57-community                  MySQL 5.7 Community Server        禁用
mysql57-community-source           MySQL 5.7 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql80-community                  MySQL 8.0 Community Server        禁用
mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server - Sour 禁用

yum install mysql

[root@CentOS-6 ~]# yum install mysql-server
已加载插件：fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
设置安装进程
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Package mysql-server is obsoleted by mysql-community-server, trying to install mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el6.x86_64 instead
解决依赖关系
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el6 will be 安装
--> 处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.38-2.el6，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el6.x86_64 需要
--> 处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el6.x86_64 需要
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el6 will be 安装
--> 处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-5.6.38-2.el6.x86_64 需要
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el6 will be 安装
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el6 will be 安装
--> 完成依赖关系计算

依赖关系解决

=================================================================================================================================================================
 软件包                                        架构                          版本                                 仓库                                      大小
=================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 mysql-community-server                        x86_64                        5.6.38-2.el6                         mysql56-community                         55 M
为依赖而安装:
 mysql-community-client                        x86_64                        5.6.38-2.el6                         mysql56-community                         18 M
 mysql-community-common                        x86_64                        5.6.38-2.el6                         mysql56-community                        308 k
 mysql-community-libs                          x86_64                        5.6.38-2.el6                         mysql56-community                        1.9 M

事务概要
=================================================================================================================================================================
Install       4 Package(s)

总下载量：75 M
Installed size: 336 M
确定吗？[y/N]：

中间碰到的问题：
1.yum-config-manager没有这个命令

yum -y install yum-utils就好了。