网络管理员比赛回顾04-DHCP

目录

一、DHCP的配置

二、DHCP中继

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2021年9月参加青年网络管理员比赛，因为网管超龄不能按照“青年”参赛，临时培训我们这批“青年”参赛，回顾一下经过以及学到的技能。本节回顾DHCP。

一、DHCP的配置

简单的启用一个DHCP功能。

<Huawei>un ter mon
<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sysn r1

[r1]dhcp enable                                             # 启用DHCP功能
[r1]ip pool 1                                               # 创建IP池
[r1-ip-pool-1]network 192.168.1.0 mask 24                   # IP池的网段地址和子网掩码
[r1-ip-pool-1]gateway-list 192.168.1.254                    # IP池的网关
[r1-ip-pool-1]excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.24  # 不分配的地址
[r1-ip-pool-1]display ip pool                               # 检查一下IP池

[r1-ip-pool-1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.254 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global 

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]return
<r1>save

二、DHCP中继

划分两个vlan 10 20。vlan10的PC通过交换机sw2接入sw1。vlan20的PC直接接入sw1的g0/0/3-g0/0/24。两个vlan的PC通过DHCP协议获取IP地址。两个vlan的PC可以互相ping通。

vlan10的地址段为192.168.10.0/24，网关192.168.10.255，DNS为8.8.8.8，保留192.168.10.250-192.168.10.253。

vlan20的地址段为192.168.20.0/24，网关192.168.20.255，DNS为114.114.114.114。

vlanif2的地址为10.0.0.2/24。

 

 sw1的配置，配置2个vlan和网关。完成后，连个vlan的PC配置静态IP地址后可以互相ping通。

<Huawei>undo terminal monitor 
<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sysname sw1

[sw1]vlan batch 10 20 2

[sw1]int Vlanif 10
[sw1-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.254 24             # vlan10网关
[sw1-Vlanif10]q
[sw1]int g0/0/2
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access        # vlan10接入
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 10
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q

[sw1]int Vlanif 20
[sw1-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.20.254 24             # vlan20网关
[sw1-Vlanif20]q
[sw1]port-group vlan20
[sw1-port-group-vlan20]group-member g0/0/3 to g0/0/24  # vlan20接入
[sw1-port-group-vlan20]port link-type access 
[sw1-port-group-vlan20]port default vlan 20
[sw1-port-group-vlan20]q

[sw1]int Vlanif 2
[sw1-Vlanif2]ip address 10.0.0.2 24                    # vlan2的地址
[sw1-Vlanif2]q
[sw1]int g0/0/1
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access 
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

路由器上配置DHCP服务。

<Huawei>undo terminal monitor 
<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sysname dhcp

[dhcp]dhcp enable                                             # 启用DHCP
[dhcp]ip pool vlan10                                          # IP池vlan10
[dhcp-ip-pool-vlan10]network 192.168.10.0 mask 24             # 网段
[dhcp-ip-pool-vlan10]gateway-list 192.168.10.254              # 网关
[dhcp-ip-pool-vlan10]dns-list 8.8.8.8                         # DNS
[dhcp-ip-pool-vlan10]excluded-ip-address 192.168.10.250 192.168.10.253 # 保留地址
[dhcp-ip-pool-vlan10]q

[dhcp]ip pool vlan20                                          # IP池vlan20
[dhcp-ip-pool-vlan20]network 192.168.20.0 mask 24             # 网段
[dhcp-ip-pool-vlan20]gateway-list 192.168.20.254              # 网关
[dhcp-ip-pool-vlan20]dns-list 114.114.114.114                 # DNS
[dhcp-ip-pool-vlan20]q

[dhcp]int g0/0/0
[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.0.1 24      
[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global                 # DHCP
[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q


[dhcp]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 10.0.0.2                # 向vlan10的静态路由
[dhcp]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 10.0.0.2                # 向vlan20的静态路由

sw1上配置DHCP中继，把路由器分配的地址中继到各自的vlan的PC上。此时，vlan20里面的地址从192.168.20.253开始分配，vlan10里面的地址从192.168.10.249开始分配。

[sw1]int Vlanif 10
[sw1-Vlanif10]dhcp select relay 
[sw1-Vlanif10]dhcp relay server-ip 10.0.0.1
[sw1-Vlanif10]q

[sw1]int Vlanif 20
[sw1-Vlanif20]dhcp select relay 
[sw1-Vlanif20]dhcp relay server-ip 10.0.0.1
[sw1-Vlanif20]q