Spring框架:更快速地开发更高效的开发,融合了多种框架的容器
HelloSpring第一个Spring程序
编写实体类
package com.huang.pojo;
public class User {
private String Name;
public String getName() {
return Name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
Name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"Name='" + Name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
编写配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--使用spring来创建对象,在spring这些都称为Bean-->
<bean id="hello" class="com.huang.pojo.User">
<property name="name" value="哈喽"/>
</bean>
</beans>
编写测试类
import com.huang.pojo.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MyTest {
@Test
public void text(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
User hello = (User) context.getBean("hello");
System.out.println(hello.toString());
}
}
Sring调用业务层接口
Dao接口
package com.huang.Dao;
public interface UserDao {
void getName();
}
package com.huang.Dao;
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
@Override
public void getName() {
System.out.println("正常的sql");
}
}
package com.huang.Dao;
public class UserDaoMysqlImpl implements UserDao{
@Override
public void getName() {
System.out.println("这是一个mysql");
}
}
Service接口
package com.huang.service;
public interface UserService {
void getUser();
}
package com.huang.service;
import com.huang.Dao.UserDao;
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
private UserDao userDao;
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
@Override
public void getUser() {
userDao.getName();
}
}
spring配置文件编写
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--使用spring来创建对象,在spring这些都称为Bean-->
<bean id="sql1" class="com.huang.Dao.UserDaoImpl"/>
<bean id="sql2" class="com.huang.Dao.UserDaoMysqlImpl"/>
<bean id="UserService" class="com.huang.service.UserServiceImpl">
<property name="userDao" ref="sql2"/>
</bean>
</beans>
编写测试类
import com.huang.service.UserServiceImpl;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MyTest {
@Test
public void text(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
UserServiceImpl userService = (UserServiceImpl) context.getBean("UserService");
userService.getUser();
}
}
使用有参构造函数编写Spring
package com.huang.pojo;
import java.util.Date;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private Date times;
public User(int id, String name, Date times) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.times = times;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Date getTimes() {
return times;
}
public void setTimes(Date times) {
this.times = times;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", times=" + times +
'}';
}
}
编写Spring配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- <import resource="beans.xml"/>-->
<!-- <import resource="beans2.xml"/>-->
<!-- <import resource="beans3.xml"/>-->
<bean id="hello1" class="com.huang.pojo.User" name="he1">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="2"/>
<constructor-arg index="1" value="小明"/>
<constructor-arg index="2" value="2021/8/8"/>
</bean>
<bean id="hello2" class="com.huang.pojo.User" name="he2">
<constructor-arg name="id" value="3"/>
<constructor-arg name="name" value="小兰"/>
<constructor-arg name="times" value="2021/9/24"/>
</bean>
<alias name="hello1" alias="h1"/>
<alias name="hello2" alias="h2"/>
</beans>
编写测试类
import com.huang.pojo.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MyTest {
@Test
public void getHello1(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
User id = (User) context.getBean("hello1");
System.out.println(id.toString());
}
@Test
public void getHello2(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
User id = (User) context.getBean("hello2");
System.out.println(id.toString());
}
@Test
public void getHello3(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
User id = (User) context.getBean("he1");
System.out.println(id.toString());
}
@Test
public void getHello4(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
User id = (User) context.getBean("h1");
System.out.println(id.toString());
}
}
Spring注入方式(Set)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="student" class="com.huang.pojo.Student">
<property name="name" value="张三"/>
<property name="age" value="38"/>
<property name="times" value="2021/9/10"/>
</bean>
<bean id="user" class="com.huang.pojo.User">
<!--普通注入-->
<property name="name" value="小明"/>
<!--类的注入-->
<property name="student" ref="student"/>
<!--数组注入-->
<property name="books">
<array>
<value>语文</value>
<value>数学</value>
<value>英语</value>
<value>物理</value>
</array>
</property>
<!--List注入-->
<property name="hobbys">
<list>
<value>听歌</value>
<value>看书</value>
<value>游戏</value>
</list>
</property>
<!--Map注入-->
<property name="card">
<map>
<entry key="1" value="123456"/>
<entry key="2" value="456789"/>
<entry key="3" value="147852"/>
</map>
</property>
<!--Set注入-->
<property name="games">
<set>
<value>lol</value>
<value>cs</value>
<value>DNF</value>
</set>
</property>
<!--Properties注入-->
<property name="info">
<props>
<prop key="1">asdffs</prop>
<prop key="2">sisisisis</prop>
<prop key="3">zaissai</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--p标签注入-->
<bean id="user2" class="com.huang.pojo.User" p:name="小兰"/>
<!--c标签注入-->
<bean id="user3" class="com.huang.pojo.User" c:name="小强"/>
</beans>
Spring 自动装配Bean
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="cat" class="com.huang.pojo.Cat"/>
<bean id="dog" class="com.huang.pojo.Dog"/>
<bean id="people" class="com.huang.pojo.People">
<property name="cat" ref="cat"/>
<property name="dog" ref="dog"/>
<property name="name" value="小明"/>
</bean>
<bean id="people1" class="com.huang.pojo.People" autowire="byName">
<property name="name" value="小明"/>
</bean>
<bean id="people2" class="com.huang.pojo.People" autowire="byType">
<property name="name" value="小明"/>
</bean>
</beans>
Spring中的注解开发
@Autowired 自动装配通过类型和名字
如果Autowired 不能唯一自动装配上属性;
@Nullable 字段标记了这个注解 说明这个字段可以null;
@Resource 自动装配通过名字 类型
衍生的注解
dao [@Repository]
service [@Service]
controller [@Controller]
这四个注解功能是一样的,都是代表某个类注册到Spring中 装配
Spring中配置aop的三种方式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--注册bean-->
<bean id="UserService" class="com.huang.service.UserServiceImpl"/>
<bean id="BeforeLog" class="com.huang.log.BeforeLog"/>
<bean id="AfterLog" class="com.huang.log.AfterLog"/>
<!--方式一:使用原生Spring API接口-->
<!--配置aop:需要导入aop的约束-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.huang.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="BeforeLog" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="AfterLog" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
</aop:config>
<!--方式二:自定义类-->
<bean id="diy" class="com.huang.diy.DiyPoinCut"/>
<aop:config>
<!--自定义切面-->
<aop:aspect ref="diy">
<!--切入点-->
<aop:pointcut id="point" expression="execution(* com.huang.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
<aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="point"/>
<aop:after method="after" pointcut-ref="point"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<!--方式三-->
<bean id="annotation" class="com.huang.diy.AnnotationPointCut"/>
<!--开启注解支持!-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
</beans>
方法二需要的类
package com.huang.diy;
public class DiyPoinCut {
public void before(){
System.out.println("----方法执行前------");
}
public void after(){
System.out.println("------方法执行后-----");
}
}
方法一种需要的类
package com.huang.log;
import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class AfterLog implements AfterReturningAdvice {
@Override
public void afterReturning(Object returnValue, Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
System.out.println(returnValue);
}
}
package com.huang.log;
import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class BeforeLog implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
//method: 要执行的目标对象的方法
//args: 参数
//target: 目标对象
@Override
public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
System.out.println(target.getClass().getName() + method.getName());
}
}
测试类
import com.huang.service.UserService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MyText {
@Test
public void text(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserService userService = context.getBean("UserService", UserService.class);
userService.select();
}
}
Mybatis与Spring整合
mybatis配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--配置日志-->
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.huang.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
Spring配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--DataSoure:使用Spring数据源替换Mybatis的配置-->
<bean id="dataSouce" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/smbms?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSl=true"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</bean>
<!--sqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSouce"/>
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/huang/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--SqlSessionTemplate:就是我们使用的sqlSession-->
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<bean id="blogMapper" class="com.huang.mapper.BlogMapperImpl">
<property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession"/>
</bean>
<bean id="blogMapper2" class="com.huang.mapper.BlogMapperImpl2">
<property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
</beans>
Mapper接口
package com.huang.mapper;
import com.huang.pojo.Blog;
import java.util.List;
public interface BlogMapper {
List<Blog> getBlog();
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.huang.mapper.BlogMapper">
<select id="getBlog" resultType="Blog">
SELECT * FROM `school`.`blog`
</select>
</mapper>
编写Spring调用的类
package com.huang.mapper;
import com.huang.pojo.Blog;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import java.util.List;
public class BlogMapperImpl implements BlogMapper{
private SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession;
public void setSqlSession(SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession) {
this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
}
@Override
public List<Blog> getBlog() {
BlogMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);
return mapper.getBlog();
}
}
测试类
import com.huang.mapper.BlogMapper;
import com.huang.pojo.Blog;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
public class MyText {
@Test
public void getBlog() throws IOException {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-Dao.xml");
BlogMapper blogMapper = context.getBean("blogMapper", BlogMapper.class);
List<Blog> blogs = blogMapper.getBlog();
for (Blog blog : blogs) {
System.out.println(blog);
}
}
@Test
public void getBlog2() throws IOException {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-Dao.xml");
BlogMapper blogMapper = context.getBean("blogMapper2", BlogMapper.class);
List<Blog> blogs = blogMapper.getBlog();
for (Blog blog : blogs) {
System.out.println(blog);
}
}
}
声明式事务
<!--配置声明式事务-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSouce"/>
</bean>
<!--aop:配置事务的切面插入-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.huang.mapper.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
</aop:config>